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Spring hydrograph simulation of karstic aquifers: impacts of variable recharge area, intermediate storage and memory effects
, Article Journal of Hydrology ; Volume 552 , 2017 , Pages 225-240 ; 00221694 (ISSN) ; Ataie Ashtiani, B ; Simmons, C. T ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
A simple conceptual rainfall–runoff model is proposed for the estimation of groundwater balance components in complex karst aquifers. In the proposed model the effects of memory length of different karst flow systems of base-flow, intermediate-flow, and quick-flow and also time variation of recharge area (RA) during a hydrological year were investigated. The model consists of three sub-models: soil moisture balance (SMB), epikarst balance (EPB), and groundwater balance (GWB) to simulate the daily spring discharge. The SMB and EPB sub-models utilize the mass conservation equation to compute the variation of moisture storages in the soil cover and epikarst, respectively. The GWB sub-model...