Sharif Digital Repository

Unsteady aerodynamic experiments were conducted on an oscillating airfoil in a subsonic wind tunnel. The model was oscillated in two types of motion, pitch and plunge, at a range of reduced frequencies, k=0.029-0.1. In addition, steady data were acquired and examined to furnish a baseline for analysis and comparison. The unsteady surface pressure is measured along the chord for both upper and lower surfaces of the model. Particular emphases were placed on the effects of different types of motion on the unsteady pressure distribution of the airfoil at pre-stall, near stall, and post stall conditions. It was found that the variations of the pressure distribution with angle of attack have... 

In this study, in order to indicate the best airfoil profile for the different sections of a blade, five airfoils including S8xx, FFA, and AH series were studied. Among the most popular wind power blades for this application were selected, in order to find the optimum performance. Nowadays, modern wind turbines are using blades with multi-airfoils at different sections. On the large scale profile, SST K-ω model with different wind speed at large-scale profile was applied to the simulation of horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWT). The aerodynamic simulation was accomplished using the computational fluid dynamic (CFD) method based on the finite volume method. The governing equations applied in... 

The present study focuses on the simulation of two dimensional unsteady cavitating flows. For simulation of unsteady behaviors of cavitation which have practical applications, the development of unsteady PISO algorithm based on the non-conservative approach is utilized. For multi-phase simulation, single-fluid Navier-Stokes equations, along with the volume fraction transport equation, are employed. The bubble dynamics model is utilized to simulate phase change between vapor and liquid phases of the water. Unsteady simulation of cavitation around NACA66(MOD) and supercavitation around a flat plate normal to flow direction are performed to clarify accuracy of presented model. Numerical results... 

A method for adaptive refinement of a triangular mesh for solution of the steady and unsteady Euler equations is presented. An upwind, finite volume based on Roe's flux difference splitting method is used to discretize the equations. By using advancing front method an initial regular Delaunay triangulation has been made. The adaptation procedures involve mesh enrichment and mesh coarsening to either add points in high gradient regions of the flow or remove points where they are not needed, respectively, to produce solutions of high spatial accuracy at minimal cost. Steady transonic results are shown to be of high spatial accuracy, primarily in that the shock waves are very sharply captured.... 

In this work, basic design features of Rayan are documented. One of the new design features presented in this work is the way Rayan handles polyhedral grids. Grid definition is combined with the definition of the structure of the sparse coefficient matrix, thereby releasing a considerable part of the memory used by the grid to store otherwise required faces belonging to the cell part of the connectivity description. The key idea is to use a uniform way for creating the structure of the coefficient matrix from the grid connectivity description and to access that data when computing the elements of the coefficient matrix. This saving requires many modifications to the computational algorithm... 

The receptivity of supersonic/hypersonic flows over blunt noses to freestream disturbances is performed by means of spectral collocation methods. The unsteady flow computations are made through solving the full Navier-Stokes equations in 2D. A shock-fitting technique is used to compute unsteady shock motion and its interaction with freestream disturbances accurately in the receptivity study. The computational results for receptivity of a semi-cylinder at Mach 8 is presented and validated by comparison with available theoretical and numerical results. The study shows significant effects of the viscosity on the receptivity process  

This study presents the application of the Proposed Modified Reduced-Order Aerodynamics Modelling approach for aeroelastic analysis based on the boundary element method (BEM) as a novel approach. The used BEM has the capability to capture the thickness effect and geometric complexity of a general three-dimensional model. In this approach the reduced-order aerodynamic model is defined through the eigenvalue problem of unsteady flow based on the unknown wake singularities. Based on the used aerodynamic model an explicit algebraic form of the aeroelastic equations is derived that reduces computational efforts and complexity. This special feature enables us to determine the aeroelastic... 

A new approach, based on a Generalized Regression Neural Network (GRNN), has been proposed to predict the unsteady forces and moments of two different models; a 70° swept delta wing in subsonic incompressible flow and a standard fighter model (SDM) in a compressible flow regime, both undergoing sinusoidal pitching motion. Extensive wind tunnel results were used for training the network and verification of the values predicted by this approach. GRNN was trained by the aforementioned experimental data and, subsequently, was used as a prediction tool to determine the unsteady longitudinal forces and moment of the two models under various conditions. Further, it was applied to extend the... 

Due to superior accuracy and stability of multiple relaxation time (MRT) collision operator over its single relaxation time (SRT) counterpart, new lifting relations are proposed here to construct single particle distribution functions for MRT-LBM from macroscopic variables. Using these lifting relations, a new hybrid FVM-LB method is presented (called Finite type-LB hybrid method), which is consistent with MRT-LBM. In this new hybrid method, single-particle distribution functions in MRT-LBM sub-domain boundaries are computed, using equilibrium and non-equilibrium moments. These moments are computed in Navier-Stokes/FVM sub-domain boundaries, using macroscopic variables and their derivatives.... 

Three-dimensional unsteady flow field around a finite circular cylinder standing in a flat-plate boundary layer is studied. For this purpose, two different numerical turbulence approaches as wall adapted local eddyviscosity LES (LES-WALE) and the zonal hybrid RANS-LES approach of Detached-Eddy Simulation (Zonal-DES) are used. Analysis is carried out for a finite circular cylinder with diameter of D = 3 mm and length-to-diameter ratio of L/D=6 which leads to the Reynolds number 2×104. Numerical simulation has been performed based on the LES-WALE and Zonal-DES turbulence models using coarse and fine grids. Ability and accuracy of two models in capturing the complex physics of present... 

Aspects of pitching and plunging motions on unsteady aerodynamic behavior of an aircraft model were studied. Extensive wind tunnel tests were performed on a standard dynamics model, SDM, oscillating in both pitch and plunge modes. Up to now, there has been little or no result on the plunging behavior of an aircraft or missile as a whole and the present experiments can be considered as one of the first attempts to study the compressible flow field over a model undergoing both pitching and plunging motions. The experiments involved measuring normal force and pitching moment of the model at Mach numbers of 0.4, 0.6 and 1.5 and oscillation frequencies of 1.25, 2.77 and 6.00 Hz. The longitudinal... 

In this work, numerical simulation is used to study the stability enhancement of high speed supercavitating Shkval missile. Although supercavitation is known as one of the most effective methods for drag reduction, producing the cavity, either by ventilation or by cavitator at front of the body, may cause some instabilities on cavity surface and thus on the projectile's motion. Therefore removing these instabilities comes as an important point of discussion. First of all, we calculate the sources of instabilities and measure respective forces and then present some approaches that significantly reduce these instabilities. One of these methods that could produce more stable supercavities is... 

A series of low speed wind tunnel tests were conducted to study the unsteady aerodynamic behavior of an airfoil sinusoidally oscillating in plunge. The experiments included measuring the surface pressure distribution over a range of reduced frequencies, k = 0.03 - 0.06. In addition, steady state data were acquired and were used to furnish a baseline for further analysis and comparison. The model was oscillated with amplitude of ±15 cm and at three different mean angles of attack of 0, 10° and 18°. The unsteady aerodynamic loads were calculated from the surface pressure measurements, 64 ports, along the chord for both upper and lower surfaces. The plunging displacements were transformed into... 

The pulsating flow in the exhaust gas of a SI engine causes an unsteady flow at the inlet to the turbocharger turbine. In a four cylinder four stroke engine, the pulse frequency varies between 20 and 200 Hz. Three dimensional pulsating flows in a vane-less turbocharger turbine of a 1.7 liters SI engine are simulated numerically and validated experimentally. Simulations are done for 720 degree engine cycle at three engine speeds. The results are shown the inlet pulsating flow has significant effects on several turbine parameters especially the inlet total pressure, the reduced mass flow rate and the efficiency. The results show a very good agreement between the three-dimensional unsteady... 

This study seeks to explore the ability of unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) simulation approach for resolving two-dimensional (2D) gravity currents on fine computational meshes. A 2D URANS equations closed by a buoyancy-modified k-ε turbulence model are integrated in time with a second-order fractional step approach coupled with a direct implicit method and discretized in space on a staggered mesh using a second-order accurate finite volume approach incorporating a high resolution semi-Lagrangian technique for the convective terms. A series of 2D simulations are carried out for gravity currents from both discontinuous and continuous sources. Comparisons with experimental... 

When velocities in the piping systems change rapidly, spectacular accidents occur, due to tranient-state pressures where the elastic properties of the pipe and liquid must be considered. This hydraulic transient is commonly known as water hammer. A conventional widely-used technique for analyzing this phenomenon is the Method Of Characteristic (MOC), in which, by introducing the characteristic lines, two ordinary differential equations, in lieu of the governing partial differential equations, are produced. In the undisturbed form of the equations, the energy dissipation is evaluated by the steady or quasi-steady approximation. But, there is experimental and theoretical evidence which shows...