Sharif Digital Repository

In this study, biodiesel (FAME) was prepared using a novel heterogeneous catalyst of phosphomolybdic acid (H3PMo12O40, HPMo)/support graphene oxide (GO). The characterization of the catalyst was evaluated by SEM, EDX, Map analysis, TEM, FT-IR, and Raman analyses. The production of biodiesel from waste cooking oil (WCO) was carried out by the electrolysis method. The process of the trans-esterification reaction was optimized by applying the response surface methodology (RSM) based on the central composite design (CCD) approach. The effects of four independent variables of methanol to oil molar ratio (6–12 mol:mol), catalyst weight (0.5–1.5 wt%), time (8–24 h), and voltage (30–70 V) were... 

The present study aims to convert waste cooking oil (WCO) into biodiesel via phosphomolybdic acid (H3PMo12O40, PMA) supported on Clinoptilolite as a novel green acid catalyst through an electrolysis procedure. The prepared catalysts were characterized by XRD, FTIR, FESEM, EDS, Elemental map, and TEM analyses. The effect of four independent variables on biodiesel yield including methanol to oil molar ratio (6:1–14:1), catalyst weight (2–5 wt%), time (3–5 h), and voltage (15–35 V) was optimized and evaluated by the response surface methodology (RSM) employing central composite design (CCD). The maximum value of biodiesel yield was 96% under the optimal conditions, including the methanol to oil... 

Heterogeneous solid catalysts comprising CaO and ZrO 2 mixed oxides with various Ca-to-Zr molar ratios were synthesized by means of coprecipitation method. These synthesized mixed oxide catalysts were used for the transesterification of waste cooking oil (WCO) as feedstock with methanol to produce biodiesel fuel (BDF) at 65 °C and 1 atm. The influences of Ca-to-Zr molar ratio, catalyst loading, methanol-to-oil molar ratio, and the reaction time on the BDF yield were carefully investigated. In addition, the stability of prepared solid catalysts was studied. These catalysts were characterized by using techniques of X-ray diffraction, X-ray florescence, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, surface... 

In this study, biodiesel (FAME) was prepared using a novel heterogeneous catalyst of phosphomolybdic acid (H3PMo12O40, HPMo)/support graphene oxide (GO). The characterization of the catalyst was evaluated by SEM, EDX, Map analysis, TEM, FT-IR, and Raman analyses. The production of biodiesel from waste cooking oil (WCO) was carried out by the electrolysis method. The process of the trans-esterification reaction was optimized by applying the response surface methodology (RSM) based on the central composite design (CCD) approach. The effects of four independent variables of methanol to oil molar ratio (6–12 mol:mol), catalyst weight (0.5–1.5 wt%), time (8–24 h), and voltage (30–70 V) were...