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Modeling and Survey of the Hydrogen Storage System Using Metal Hydride Technology in Hybrid Vehicles

Mahdavi, Omid | 2011

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 42409 (46)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Energy Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Roshandel, Ramin; Moshfegh, Alireza
  7. Abstract:
  8. Relying on current fuels and technologies in vehicle industry in recent years has led to an enormous challenge such as air pollution, climate change and energy security. In the other hand, fossil fuel reservoirs are being depleted with an intensive rate. Nowadays, hydrogen, as a substitute for current fuels and hybrid, fuel cell and electric vehicles, as substitutes for current vehicular technologies are under research and development. Because of abundant advantages such as high efficiency and long cycle life, no depreciation for parts and scalability, fuel cell vehicles is of interest for many car manufacturers throughout the world and lots of them have demonstrated their prototype fuel cell vehicles. Hydrogen storage is one of most challenging issues in this filed and finding an appropriate hydrogen storage technology for fuel cell vehicles seems necessary. Due to high safety and high volumetric energy density, storing hydrogen in metal hydrides will be promising. In this thesis, for the first time, a metal hydride system is modeled and assessed in a hybrid fuel cell vehicle. With the purpose of analyzing dynamic behavior of metal hydride tank in a hybrid fuel cell vehicle and the way energy flows change due to it, specifications of a suitable metal hydride storage system for a fuel cell vehicle were determined. Afterwards, based on zero dimensional energy and mass conservation laws governed the metal hydride tank, a model was developed in Matlab/Simulink platform and validated with references. Then, thermal integration of fuel cell system and metal hydride tank is discussed and related formulas are represented. Also, in order to complete the fuel cell vehicle model, appropriate capacity of a PEM fuel cell and a lithium-ion battery were determined and modeling of them were accomplished and indeed, three different thermal treatment of the tank is considered. In the first case, metal hydride tank is independent from fuel cell system; in the second case, tank and fuel cell are thermally integrated and in the last case, no heat is transferred to the tank. Eventually, overall model was ran in WHFET driving cycle for first two cases and it was observed that in second case, performance parameters of the tank such as pressure and temperature are two times more than the first case. Also, the model was ran in the 25 times passing the driving cycle for three cases and with regards to energy flow diagrams it was seen that energy received from vehicle power sources in first two cases are the same and it faces up to 19% improvement for battery and 40% for fuel cell system
  9. Keywords:
  10. Hybrid Car ; Hydrogen Storage ; Fuel Cell ; Metal Hydride

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