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Thermodynamic Properties of Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions Containing Urea

Samieenasab, Ahmad Reza | 2011

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 42450 (06)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Chemical and Petroleum Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Ghotbi, Siroos; Taghikhani, Vahid
  7. Abstract:
  8. The behavior of biomolecules in mixtures is affected by the presence of electrolytes. For instance, in the presence of an electrolyte, solubility of most biomolecules like proteins,peptids and amino acids can be increased or decreased. As a biomolecule, urea is a protein denaturant and influences protein folding and protein-DNA binding. The presence of ions can affect the interactions between urea and water In this thesis, experimental data of density and electrical conductance of aqueous solutions of urea-NaCl were obtained at different physical conditions. Density measurement experiments were carried out at different temperatures from 20-40 oC. Apparent and infinite dilution molar volumes of urea in aqueous solutions were calculated at different concentrations of NaCl. Also electrochemical cells which have been consisted of a cation and anion ion selective electrode against of a source electrode were use tu measure the activity coefficients of Urea in aqueous electrolyte solutions. The systems of water + sodium chloride + urea, water + calcium chloride + urea, water + potassium chloride + urea at temperatures 310.15K were studied. The activity coefficients models were used to model the experimental results. The results showed that the properties of urea in aqueous electrolyte solutions are affected by electrolyte concentration, cation and anion nature and physical conditions such as temperature
  9. Keywords:
  10. Electrolyte Solution ; Activity Coefficient ; Density ; Gibbs Energy Function ; Thermodynamic Properties

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