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Rapamycin Loaded Chitosan Nanopartilces to Cure Coronary Artery Blockage: Synthetize And Characterization

Manafi Rad, Arash | 2012

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 43555 (07)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Materials Science and Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Simchi, Abdolreza; Shokrgozar, Mohammad Ali
  7. Abstract:
  8. Coronary artery diseaseaffects millions of persons and isone of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Invasive techniques such as coronary artery bypassgrafting are used to alleviate the lesion of arterial occlusion.Unfortunately, restenosis or occlusion of the graftedconduit occurs over a time frame of months to years with a gradual reduction in patency, especially in vein grafts. Theevents leading to intimal hyperplasia (IH) formation involve numerous cellular and molecular components. Variouscellular elements of the vessel wall are involved as are leucocyte–endothelial interactions that trigger the coagulationcascade leading to localized thrombus formation. Subsequent phenotypic modification of the medial smooth musclecells and their intimal migration is the basis of the lesion formation that is thought to be propagated by an immunemediated reaction.Advanced drug delivery systems are utilized as a unparalleled strategy tocombat this occlusion. In this strategy, the carrier is loaded by an active agent such as the drugs. To Inhibit Neointimal hyperplasia,the drug Sirolimus (Rapamycin) is an immunosuppressive agent which exhibits marked anti-proliferative properties. In this studyRapamycin-loaded nanoparticles (NPs) based on polymeric systems weresynthetized at a hydro-alcoholic media. The encapsulation efficiency of 64±2.18% and loading capacity of 23.73±1.14% were observed. Particle Size distribution analysis, both by SEM and DLS confirmed the size ranges, 68±8 nm and 170±10 nm for CSNPs and Rapamycin loaded NPs, respectively.FTIR and DSC showed no significant interactions between Rapamycin and CS after encapsulation and cross-linking. In-vitro release of Rapamycin from CSNPs was sustained up to 100 hours without any burst effect. Diffusion constant was obtained 0.66 which implies a dual release mechanism involving both the diffusion and network swelling.

  9. Keywords:
  10. Coronary Arteries Disease (CAD) ; Cardiac Ischemia ; Bypass Graft Surgery ; Intimal Hyperplasia ; Rapamycin ; Chitosan Nanoparticles

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