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Analysis and Simulation of Electromagnetic Waves Scattering from Human Body in Millimeter-Wave Band

Mokhtari Koushyar, Farzad | 2015

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 47065 (05)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Electrical Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Shishegar, Amir Ahmad
  7. Abstract:
  8. Recent computational and technological progresses in millimeter-wave (MMW) band provide a high promising opportunity of various applications. The possibility of high rate data transferring is of strong interest for indoor wireless communications. Ability of high resolution and non-invasive imaging attract so much interest in medical and surveillance imaging and radar systems. In all of mentioned applications, human body plays an important role. Human body blockage (HBB) and human body shadowing (HBS) in wireless communications; concealed weapon detection (CWD) and detection of contraband objects on the surface of human body; and detection of human body presence and movement in buildings by radar systems confirm this claim. In order to consider human body in many applications, the electromagnetic (EM) fields scattered by the human body should be calculated. Exact simulation of this problem can prevent costly measurements and experiments. Because of the ratio of human ody’s dimensions to the wavelength of MMWs, full-wave computational methods are not efficient anymore and highly frequency approximations should be used. Additionally, the geometric and dielectric model of the human body is the other important aspect of the scattering problem. Different levels of accuracy are required for different applications. So, providing a frequency-independent and error-controllable method for solving the problem is main purpose of this thesis. In this thesis, Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline (NURBS) surfaces are used to model the geometry (CAGD) of the human body exactly. An interface is provided in order to import IGES model files in EM solver. Physical Optics (PO) approximation is exploited. Then, two new frequency-independent methods are presented for solving highly oscillatory PO integrals. First method is based on approximating demodulated complementary error function. Efficiency of the method is investigated by some numerical examples and in order to eliminate its weaknesses, second integration method is presented. Second method combines close-form expressions with triangular-boundary rectangular mesh algorithm (TBRM). Both methods are frequency-independent and error-controllable and can reduce the computational expenses significantly. Finally, the thesis is concluded and some suggestions are presented for future researches
  9. Keywords:
  10. Physical Optics Approximation ; Millimeter Waves Propagation ; Electromagnetic Wave Scattering ; Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines (NURBS)Functions ; Scattering From Human Body ; Highly Oscillatory Integrals (HDI)

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