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Application of Gold Nanoparticles for Simultaneous Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Water Samples with the Aid of Multivariate Chemometric Methods

Rezaiyan, Mahsa | 2016

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 48634 (03)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Chemistry
  6. Advisor(s): Parastar Shahri, Hadi; Hormozi Nezhad, Mohammad Reza
  7. Abstract:
  8. In this study, a multivariate-based strategy was developed for simultaneous determination of thirteen carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water samples using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as solid-phase extraction (SPE) sorbent combined with gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID). The extraction technique is based on the strong affinity between citrate capped AuNPs and PAHs. Furthermore, characterization of AuNPs was performed by UV-Vis and TEM techniques. A rotatable central composite design (CCD) combined with multiple linear regression (MLR) was used for designing the extraction procedure and developing models using the GC peak areas of 13 PAHs. Also, multi-response optimization using Derringer desirability function was utilized to find optimum conditions which were 7.22 min adsorption vortex time, 5 µL of 1,3-propandithiol as desorption solvent, 44 µL methanol, 15 µL n-nonane as acceptor solvent and 9.63 min desorption vortex time. The developed models were finally confirmed by performing the extraction in optimum conditions which the peak areas of 13 PAHs were in confidence interval of the modeled values. The optimized method was then used for identification and quantification of target PAHs in standard and real samples using multivariate calibration techniques (e.g., partial least squares regression, PLSR). In this regard, calibration set was randomly designed in concentration range 0.1-70 ngmL-1. Different variable selection methods including PLS regression vector (RV), variable importance in projection (VIP) and selectivity ratio (SR) were tested and RV showed better performance. Then, analytical figures of merit (AFOM) including sensitivity, analytical sensitivity and limit of detection (LOD) were calculated. Finally, the proposed strategy was successfully tested for the analysis of real samples (i.e., tap, well and farm waters)
  9. Keywords:
  10. Gold Nanoparticle ; Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) ; Gas Chromatography ; Partial Least Squares (PLS) ; Central Composite Design ; Multiresponse Optimization

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