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Evaluation of Urban Heat Islands and their Effects on Air Quality in Tehran

Asadinia, Milad | 2017

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 50447 (09)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Civil Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Arhami, Mohammad; Abrishamchi, Ahmad
  7. Abstract:
  8. Urban Heat Islands (UHI) relates to regions that experience warmer temperature than their rural surroundings due to anthropogenic heat sources and large amount of heat generated from urban structures, as they consume and re-radiate solar radiation. The adverse effects of UHI includes the deterioration of living environment, increase in energy consumption, Accumulation of pollutants and increase of their amounts due to high energy consumption and harmful effects on human health and comfort. In this study we use WRF-SMOKE-CMAQ models to evaluate the effects of UHI on Tehran air quality. In this study increased temperature of urban area compared to its surroundings that is known as Urban Heat Islands Intensity (UHII) in summer is about 1.3℃ and in winter is about 1.4℃. In addition to temperature difference, UHI can reduce wind speed by 0.6 m/s in summer and 0.7 m/s in winter. In this Study, we simulate some mitigating scenarios such increasing albedo and parks in Tehran. Due to metrology results albedo scenario plays more important role to decrease temperature of urban area than parks scenario by decreasing temperature 1.78 ℃ in summer and 0.6 ℃ in winter. Moreover, the Chemistry-Transport results shows that Urban Heat Islands can increase ground-level ozone by 0.5 ppb, NO2 by 2 ppb, CO by 40 ppb and PM2.5 by 15 µg/m3 in summer. Besides Both albedo and parks scenarios are effective to reduce UHI negative effects which albedo scenario is better at improving ozone condition and parks scenario is better in improving NO2, CO and PM2.5 condition
  9. Keywords:
  10. Air Pollution ; Tehran ; Sparse Matrix Operator Kernel Emissions (SMOKE)Modeling ; Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling System (CMAQ) ; Weather Research Forecasting (WRF) ; Air Quality Modeling ; Urban Heat Islands (UHI)

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