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Design and Fabrication of a Centrifugal Microfluidic System to Cell Lysis

Khorrami Jahromi, Arash | 2019

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 51610 (06)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Chemical and Petroleum Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Saadatmand, Maryam; Eghbal, Manouchehr; Parsa Yeganeh, Laleh
  7. Abstract:
  8. Cell lysis, as the first procedure of cell pretreatment, is a process that breaks cell membranes open thereby facilitating access to intracellular substances, such as DNA, proteins, and other components for further analysis to diagnose and treat diseases at early stages. Currently, there are several methods for cell lysis at macroscales. However, the time-consuming and expensive procedures as well as the large scal of the system are the main disadvantages of the systems. Recently, microfluidic systems have attracted considerable attention due to advantages associated with automation, integration and miniaturization of biomedical test protocols. Centrifugal microfluidics (Lab-on-a-Disc) is a new generation of microfluidics systems which can enable greater complexity and sensitivity than typical paper-based or lateral flow platforms while also providing significantly enhanced robustness and usability compared with conventional microfluidic lab-on-a-chip devices. Based on literature review, performing chemical cell lysis on centrifugal microfluidic platforms is more efficient, compared to other cell lysis methods. In this work, the design and characterization of novel centrifugal microfluidic platforms for chemical cell lysis are presented. The developed configuration employs passive pneumatic and inertial forces for rigorous mixing of lysis reagents and cell samples as well as precise control over fluid flow. Experiments were conducted with white blood cells, separated from human whole blood, to demonstrate the performance. Compared to commercial manual protocol for cell lysing, the experimental results indicated that the proposed method is greatly effective in realizing a chemical cell lysis system on discs with high throughput in terms of purity and yield of DNA (96% 1.7) as well as suitable released DNA for polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The developed system provides efficient, simple, and fully automated chemical cell lysis which can be easily integrated into sample-to answer systems with applications in point-of-care settings
  9. Keywords:
  10. Chemical Cell Lysis ; DNA Purification ; Point of Care Diagnosis Systems ; Lab-on-a-CD (LOCD) ; Inertial Forces ; Centrifugal Microfluidics ; Pneumatic Forces

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