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Important Thermodynamic and Geometric Parameters of Smoke Management Systems for Stairwells: A Case Study

Vasef, Roohollah | 2019

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: English
  3. Document No: 52714 (58)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology, International Campus, Kish Island
  5. Department: Science and Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Sani, Mahdi; Moosavi, Ali
  7. Abstract:
  8. Smoke is the largest cause of fire related deaths. A smoke control system is an engineered system that modifies smoke movement for the protection of building occupants, firefighters and properties. Unfortunately, in case of fire, stairwells and elevators are frequently filled with smoke, preventing effective evacuation. Many smoke control systems use mechanical fans to control smoke by providing positive pressure at strategic locations. Pressure difference across a barrier can control smoke movement by preventing smoke on the low-pressure side of the barrier from migrating to the high-pressure side. Building designers use codes and rules of thumb to design their building against fire. Currently, Iranian designers are forced to provide evidence of design against fire contingencies but the obligation is neither based on a firm standard nor uniform throughout the nation. They usually use some rules of thumb unresponsive to building characteristics. One issue this work tries to examine is the efficacy of these rules of thumb in a case study. This study addresses the design of the smoke control system in stairwells and the relationship between stairwells and safe rooms in a sample building using CONTAM (a software made publicly available by NIST). The major factors which have been considered are the location of supply diffusers and pressure dampers, the quantity of supply air and the relationship between them. In addition, behavior of safe rooms in relation to stairwells and effect of parking door have been studied. We have found that out of nine design cases considered for the sample building following the rules of thumb in common practice just two passed the detailed analysis
  9. Keywords:
  10. Smoke Control ; Smoke Propagation ; Stairwell ; Smoke Management ; Parking Door ; Safe Lobby

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