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3D Spinal Kinematics During Load-Handling Activities, Range of Motions and Movement Coordination in Normal and Obese Individuals

Ghasemi Varnamkhasti, Morteza | 2020

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 53162 (08)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Mechanical Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Arjmand, Navid
  7. Abstract:
  8. Today, obesity, as a major global health challenge, affects more than 30 percent of the world's population. To investigate the effect of obesity on spinal function, a common method is motion analysis (kinematic method). This method is based on the claim that the abnormal mechanical function of the spine is directly related to its abnormal motions.The aim of this study is to measure and compare the range of motions (RoMs) of different segments of the spine in all anatomical plates between obese and normal individuals, as well as to calculate and compare some motion rhythms between the lumbar spine and the pelvis in these two groups. Comparing the posture of the spine between obese and normal people in several loading activities is another goal of this study. Despite the importance of the kinematic study of the effect of obesity on the spine, no comprehensive research has been conducted on this relationship. Angles of the thoracic, lumbar, and pelvic segments in three dimensions, using 12-camera optoelectronic motion analysis system (Vicon Motion Systems Ltd UK), in 3 obese individuals (body mass index (BMI) above 30 kg/m^2) and 4 normal individuals (BMI between 22 kg/m^2 and 25 kg/m^2) were measured.On the sagittal plane, in full flexion motion, the mean range of motion for the thoracic spine was 114.0 ± 7.8° in obese individuals and 121.1 ± 6.6° in normal individuals, for the lumbar spine was 61.4 ± 2.4° in obese individuals and 74.7 ± 4.0° in normal individuals, and for pelvis was 52.6 ± 5.6° in obese individuals and 46.4 ± 5.9° in normal individuals. Also in full extension motion, the mean range of motion for the thoracic spine was 43.5 ± 5.9° in obese individuals and 37.1 ± 3.8° in normal individuals, for the lumbar spine was 28.0 ± 4.4° in obese individuals and 24.2 ± 3.2° in normal individuals, and for pelvis was 15.5 ± 1.6° in obese individuals and 12.9 ± 3.9° in normal individuals.On the frontal plane, in the right lateral banding motion, the mean range of motion for the thoracic spine was 53.7 ± 4.5° in obese individuals and 53.4 ± 4.0° in normal individuals, for the lumbar spine was 39.4 ± 1.1° in obese individuals and 43.3 ± 3.4° in normal individuals, and for pelvis was 14.3 ± 3.4° in obese individuals and 10.1 ± 1.8° in normal individuals. Also, in the left lateral banding motion, the mean range of motion for the thoracic spine was 50.9 ± 5.1° in obese individuals and 51.9 ± 5.2° in normal individuals, for the lumbar spine was 37.5 ± 2.2° in obese individuals and 40.7 ± 4.5° in normal individuals, and for pelvis was 13.4 ± 2.9° in obese individuals and 11.2 ± 2.8° in normal individuals.On the horizontal plane, in the right rotation motion, the mean range of motion for the thoracic spine was 95.7 ± 6.9° in obese individuals and 92.4 ± 6.6° in normal individuals, for the lumbar spine was 36 ± 1.4° in obese individuals and 37.6 ± 3.1° in normal individuals, and for pelvis was 59.7 ± 6.0° in obese individuals and 54.8 ± 8.1° in normal individuals. Also in left rotation motion, the mean range of motion for the thoracic spine was 94.0 ± 4.6° in obese individuals and 89.0 ± 4.2° in normal individuals, for the lumbar spine was 35.1 ± 1.3° in obese individuals and 37.9 ± 4.1° in normal individuals, and for pelvis was 58.9 ± 5.7° in obese individuals and 51.1 ± 4.0° in normal individuals.Based on the obtained spine angles for two groups, the statistical analysis results show that there is no significant difference between the angles of the spine of obese and normal individuals in any of the three anatomical planes. Of course, more experiments are needed to ensure this result.Examination of the lumbopelvic rhythm on the sagittal plane showed that in full flexion motion, the share of the pelvic segment from the total thoracic flexion was higher in obese individuals than in normal ones, but in the case of full extension motion, the opposite was true, it was more in normal individuals than obese ones
  9. Keywords:
  10. Obesity ; Kinematics ; Posture ; Lumbopelvic Rhythm ; Lifting ; Spine Equilibrium

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