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Fabrication and Characterization of Bioactive PLGA- TiO2 Nanocomposite Scaffold by Air-liquid Foaming for Bone Tissue Engineering

Pelaseyed, Sogol | 2020

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  1. Type of Document: Ph.D. Dissertation
  2. Language: English
  3. Document No: 53216 (57)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology, International Campus, Kish Island
  5. Department: Science and Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Madaah Hosseini, Hamid Reza; Samadi Kuchaksaraei, Ali
  7. Abstract:
  8. Poly (lactate-co-glycolate) is a typical biocompatible and biodegradable synthetic polymer. Addition of TiO2 nanoparticles improved compressive modulus of PLGA scaffolds and reduced fast degradation. Porous 3D scaffolds, which are synthesized using biocompatible and biodegradable materials, could provide suitable microenvironment and mechanical support for optimal cell growth and function. A novel method has been applied to fabricate PLGA/TiO2 scaffolds without using any organic solvent or porogen for nucleation compared to former ways, with aim of improving the biocompatibility, macroscale morphology and well inter-connected pores efficacy: Air-Liquid Foaming. Adjustment of the foaming process parameters was demonstrated to allow for textural control of the resulting scaffolds and their pore size tuning in the range of 200–600 μm. Mechanical properties of the scaffolds, in particular, their compressive strength, revealed an inverse relationship with the pore size, and varied in the range of 0.75–0.97 MPa. The scaffold with the pore size 270 μm, compressive strength 0.97 MPa and porosity level 90% was chosen as the optimum case in bone tissue engineering application. Bioactivity and in-vitro degradation were studied with immersing of scaffolds in Simulated Body Fluid and incubation in Phosphate Buffered Saline, respectively. Degradation rate of scaffolds was increased with excessive addition of TiO2 contents withal. The developed human-like MG63 osteoblast cells showed attachment, proliferation, and nontoxicity in contact, using MTT assay. Furthermore, 99% antibacterial effect of the PLGA/10 wt. % TiO2 nanocomposite scaffolds against the strain was achieved using Escherichia coli. Lastly, the nanocomposite scaffolds revealed the capability to degrade methylene blue dye by nearly 90% under the UV irradiation for 3h. According to the results, the novel method generated porous viable tissue without using any organic solvent or porogen in further treatment of orthopedic patients effectively
  9. Keywords:
  10. Antibacterials ; Nanocomposite ; Biocompatibility ; Bioactivity ; Titanium Oxide ; Polylactic-Glycolic Acid (PLGA) ; Nanocomposite Scaffold ; Air-Liquid Foaming

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