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Fabrication and Characterization of Cu2SnS3 and Cu2ZnSnS(e)4 Absorber Layers by Spray Pyrolysis Method

Gharabeiki, Sevan | 2021

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 53656 (04)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Physics Science
  6. Advisor(s): Mahdavi, Mohammad
  7. Abstract:
  8. The Cu2ZnSnS(e)4 (CZTS(e)) quaternary and Cu2SnS3 (CTS) ternary componds with suitable optical and electrical properties have been considered as an emerging semiconductors for fabrication of thin-fim solar cells. So far, two technologies based on CdTe and CuInGaS(e)2 absorbers have achived efficiencies above 20%. However, these compounds contain toxic element Cd and rare elements such as In and Ga which, limited the development of these solar cells.In this research a 3-stage method was used for fabrication of CZTS(e) thin Films. In the first stage, CTS layers were deposited by spray pyrolysis method, in the second one, ZnS layers were also deposited on CTS layers by spray pyrolysis method and in the last one CTS/ZnS layers were annealed in selenium athmosphere in order to convert them to CZTS(e).In the first part of this study, the CTS layers were investigated extensively. After optimization of deposition parameters, CTS layers were prepared with different Cu/Sn ratios and morphological, structural, electrical and optical properties of these layers were investigated. The XRD and Raman analyses confirmed the formation of CTS. Then, CTS layers with Cu/Sn=1 were used to fabricate solar cells. The efficiency of these solar cells is in around 0.6% In the following sections, deposition of ZnS and annealing process of CTS/ZnS layers were mainly studied. After optimization of annealing process in the selenium atmosphere, the CZTS(e) layers with different Cu/Sn and Zn/Sn have been investigated. The morphological, structural, electrical and optical properties of these layers are investigated. CZTS layers with the Cu/Sn=1.5-2 and 10 ml of the ZnS has optimal electrical and surface morphology, while layers with Cu/Sn=1 contain SnSe2 secondary phases. In general, with the increase of ZnS solution volume and with the decrease of Cu/Sn ratio the density of charge carriers decreases and the electrical resistivity increases.
    The morphological, structural, electrical and optical properties of these layers have been investigated. Raman and XRD analysis confirm the formation of CZTS(e) compound.In general, the achievements of this research are fabrication and optimization of CTS and CZTS(e) absorber layers for photovoltaic application
  9. Keywords:
  10. Solar Cells ; Thin Film Solar Cell ; Cadmium Sulfide/Cadmium Telluride (CdS/CdTe)Solar Cell ; Chalcogenide Thin Films ; Photovoltaic System ; Renewable Energy Resources

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