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Industrial Symbiosis Analysis between Biogas Plants and Photovoltaic Greenhouses, Using Geographic Information System

Gholizadeh, Saba | 2021

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 53897 (46)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Energy Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Roshandel, Ramin
  7. Abstract:
  8. Meeting the energy demand of agricultural greenhouses has turned out to be the most important challenge of greenhouse cultivation. In this study, it is proposed to use the concept of industrial symbiosis between agricultural greenhouses and biogas plants to face this challenge. The main purpose of the study is to investigate the potential clean greenhouse area that may be supported by the proposed symbiotic network, in order to provide a decision-making tool for the relevant policymakers. The methodology is based on the agent-based input-output matching economic analysis. The amount of biogas produced by poultry and cattle manure is estimated to be 0.6 (m3 / kg VS) and 0.47 (m3 / kg VS) respectively, with a maximum mean square error of 0.05 (m3 / kg VS). The minimum greenhouse area supported by utilizing the waste heat from cattle/poultry manure-based biogas is calculated to be 1637 hectares for Iran, capable of supplying 9% of the tomato demand of the country. Furthermore, the minimum percentage of greenhouse roofs that may be covered by photovoltaic panels is calculated to be between 5-34% for different provinces of Iran. For the case study, scenario 1 is considered to be the symbiosis between a greenhouse and a biogas plant, and scenario 2 is the symbiosis between a greenhouse and the Simorq poultry farm. In scenario 1, the symbiosis is not successful considering the current price of renewable electricity in Iran. By reaching the electricity price to 6 times its current price, the successful symbiosis takes place and leads to a fitness fuction of 10% for the two units, equivalent to 228,000 and 36,000 $ annual profit for the biogas plant and the greenhouse respectively. By assigning a weight coefficient to the fitness function of the greenhouse, the symbiotic network still fails with current prices for the energy carriers; by considering the electricity price to be 4.8 times its current price, a fitness fuction of 10% will be obtained for the two units. For scenario 2, The economic analysis shows that with the current price of renewable electricity in Iran (2 cents per kWh), the proposed symbiosis network is not successful. By increasing the electricity price to 4.3 times its current price or applying 5% subsidies on the investment cost of the network, the symbiosis is economically feasible and leads to 10% economic profit for the greenhouse and poultry units, equivalent to 34000 and 16000 annual profit for the greenhouse and the poultry farm respectively. Furthermore, the amount of the avoided carbon dioxide emissions in the proposed network is about 1.2 and 3 tons per year for scenarios 1 and 2, respectively. Therefore, the proposed symbiotic network is sustainable in terms of reducing carbon dioxide emissions for the both scenarios. From an economic perspective however, scenario 2 is capable of forming a more sustainable symbiotic relationship in comparioson to scenario 1
  9. Keywords:
  10. Industrial Symbiosis ; Agent Based Modeling ; Geographic Information System (GIS) ; Greenhouse ; Biogas Production ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Photovoltaic Panels

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