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Synthesis of Activated Carbon Fabric as Electrode Material for Electrochemical Energy Storage Applications

Momeni, Massoud | 2022

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 55030 (07)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Materials Science and Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Madaah Hosseini, Hamid Reza
  7. Abstract:
  8. The search for sustainable and clean energy sources to replace fossil fuels has become one of the most important scientific and technological challenges today due to the threat of fossil fuel shortages and environmental pollution. Therefore, the need for clean energy production and storage resources, including supercapacitors, has increased day by day. Today, supercapacitors have been considered suitable for energy storage due to their high-power density, appropriate energy density, long cycle life, and high safety. The aim of the present study was to obtain activated carbon fabric as electrode material in electrochemical energy storage applications and specifically supercapacitors. The advantages of activated carbon fabric include excellent flexibility, integrity, and no need for adhesives such as powdered activated carbon, good chemical resistance, high electrical conductivity, good thermal insulation, very low ash content, neutrality, and non-toxicity. The present study was conducted in three phases. In the first phase, different fabrics were prepared, and the appropriate fabric was selected through two screening stages. In this section, after selecting several suitable fabrics through the flame test in air, these fabrics were studied in initial screening by pyrolysis, examination of mineral impurities, and electrical conductivity. After a brief electrochemical study and identification of the chemical composition in the second screening, the appropriate fabric was selected. In the third phase, an experimental design was performed to identify the capacitive behavior factors, including resistivity, specific surface area, and specific capacitance. Finally, activated carbon fabrics with high specific surface area were produced in the range of 2000 m2/g with capacitance in the range of 90-100 F/g. The effect of pyrolysis and activation steps on the structure and morphology of fabrics was investigated by scanning electron microscopy. EDS and XRD showed that the synthesized fabrics are of high purity and mainly contain carbon. These fabrics have a very good rate-capability and showed a specific capacitance of 75 F/g at 1 mV/s scanning rate, and 38 F/g at a scanning rate of 100 mV/s. The supercapacitor cell is in the range of 2 Wh/kg in terms of specific energy and in the range of 2000 W/kg in terms of specific power. In terms of cycle-ability after 1000 cycles, no change in their properties was observed and therefore have good cycle-ability
  9. Keywords:
  10. Supercapacitor ; Design of Experiments Method(DOE) ; Design Expert Software ; Activated Carbon Fabric ; Physical Activation ; Energy Storage

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