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Design and Fabrication of Polymeric Scaffold by 3D Bioprinter for Skull Bone Tissue Engineering

Saberi, Fatemeh | 2023

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 56373 (06)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Chemical and Petroleum Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Mashayekhan, Shohreh
  7. Abstract:
  8. Cranioplasty is a surgical procedure for repairing skull defects. This surgery will protect the brain tissue, reduce pain in the lesion site and reduce the psychological burden on the patient. Cranioplasty implants should have distinct characteristics, i.e., high strength for protecting the brain, full coverage of skull defects, resistance to infection, non-expansion with heat, and reasonable price. Titanium implants, bone allografts, hydroxyapatite, and methyl methacrylate are commonly used in this surgery. However, these materials have many disadvantages that limit their use. As a result, biodegradable material and 3D printing technology are the next steps for designing scaffolds according to the patient's anatomy. This method reduces the surgery time and improves skull repair. In this project, we used poly-caprolactone (PCL) and Forsterite (Mg2SiO4) ceramic for 3D printing bio-ink. Forsterite increased mechanical strength and controlled the scaffold’s biodegradability. The scaffold with 10wt% Forsterite (PCL10FO) had Young's modulus of 100 MPa and about 12% degradability after one month in PBS. Since PCL10FO had similar mechanical properties to trabecular bone, we used it for the rest of the experiments. The next step was to increase the biocompatibility and cell migration of the scaffold. Collagen solution and decellularized bone powder were injected into the scaffolds and then subjected to a temperature gradient, a method known as ice-templating or temperature gradient-guided thermal-induced phase-separation technique (TIPS). Collagen fibers and bone powder formed radially oriented channels. In addition to creating different sizes of porosity, aligned pore channels can promote cell migration and growth
  9. Keywords:
  10. Thermally Induced Phase Separation (TIDS) ; Three Dimentional Printing ; Decellularized Bone Matrix ; Forsterite Ceramic ; Skull Bone Tissue Engineering ; Biodegradable Scaffold

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