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- Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
- Language: Farsi
- Document No: 56762 (42)
- University: Sharif University of Technology
- Department: Philosophy of Science
- Advisor(s): Taqavi, Mostafa
- Abstract:
- What is meant by the scientific progress and how can it be explained? In response to this question, four distinct approaches—epistemic, semantic, problem-solving, and Noetic—have been presented. Each of these approaches defines the goal of science in a specific way: the epistemic approach considers the accumulation of scientific knowledge as the goal; the semantic approach views the goal as nearness to truth; the problem-solving approach sees the goal as solving more problems; and the Noetic approach sets the goal as increasing understanding. In this study, each approach is critically examined, and two central claims are made. The first claim asserts that to explain the scientific progress, a subjective (intersubjective) component must be considered. The second claim argues that the criterion of truth is the only objective criterion that can explain the scientific progress; therefore, truthfulness is a necessary condition for explaining such progress. The problem-solving and Noetic approaches avoid using the criterion of truth by adopting an anti-realist position. Additionally, the semantic and problem-solving approaches, in explaining the progress of science, do not take into account a mental component. Consequently, among these four accounts, the epistemic approach fulfills the necessary conditions to explain scientific progress
- Keywords:
- Scientific Progress ; Semantic Approach ; Problem Solving Model ; Scientific Realism ; Noetic Approach ; Epistemic Approach
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