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calibration
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Experimental kinematic calibration of parallel manipulators using a relative position error measurement system
, Article Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing ; Vol. 26, Issue 6 , 2010 , pp. 799-804 ; ISSN: 07365845 ; Pendar, H ; Alasty, A ; Vossoughi, G ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
Because of errors in the geometric parameters of parallel robots, it is necessary to calibrate them to improve the positioning accuracy for accurate task performance. Traditionally, to perform system calibration, one needs to measure a number of robot poses using an external measuring device. However, this process is often time-consuming, expensive and difficult for robot on-line calibration. In this paper, a methodical way of calibration of parallel robots is introduced. This method is performable only by measuring joint variable vector and positioning differences relative to a constant position in some sets of configurations that the desired positions in each set are fixed, but the moving...
Conceptualization of a fresh groundwater lens influenced by climate change: A modeling study of an arid-region island in the Persian Gulf, Iran
, Article Journal of Hydrology ; Vol. 519, issue. PA , 2014 , pp. 399-413 ; ISSN: 00221694 ; Ketabchi, H ; Ataie-Ashtiani, B ; Simmons, C. T ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
Understanding the fresh groundwater lens (FGL) behavior and potential threat of climatic-induced seawater intrusion (SWI) are significant for the future water resources management of many small islands. In this paper, the FGL of Kish Island, an arid-region case in the Persian Gulf, Iran, is modeled using two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) simulations. These simulations are based on the application of SUTRA, a density-dependent groundwater numerical model. Also, the numerical model parameters are calibrated using PEST, an automated parameter estimation code. Firstly a detailed conceptualization of the FGL model is completed to understand the sensitivity of the FGL to some...
A sensitive and selective colorimetric method for detection of copper ions based on anti-aggregation of unmodified gold nanoparticles
, Article Talanta ; Vol. 129, issue , 2014 , pp. 227-232 ; ISSN: 00399140 ; Abbasi-Moayed, S ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
A highly sensitive and selective colorimetric method for detection of copper ions, based on anti-aggregation of D-penicillamine (D-PC) induced aggregated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) was developed. Copper ions can hinder the aggregation of AuNPs induced by D-PC, through formation of mixed-valence complex with D-PC that is a selective copper chelator. In the presence of a fixed amount of D-PC, the aggregation of AuNPs decreases with increasing concentrations of Cu2+ along with a color change from blue to red in AuNPs solution and an increase in the absorption ratio (A520/A 650). Under the optimum experimental conditions (pH 7, [AuNPs] =3.0 nmol L-1 and [NaCl]=25 mmol L-1), a linear calibration...
Second-order calibration for simultaneous determination of pharmaceuticals in water samples by solid-phase extraction and fast high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector
, Article Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems ; Vol. 137, issue , 2014 , pp. 146-154 ; ISSN: 01697439 ; Parastar, H ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
A fast high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) approach combined to solid phase extraction (SPE) as a pre-concentration step is developed for simultaneous determination of five selected pharmaceuticals (carbamazepine, naproxen, diclofenac, gemfibrozil and mefenamic acid) in water samples. The effective factors on the efficiency of SPE procedure are optimized using faced-centered central composite design (FCCD). In addition, multi-response optimization by using Derringer's desirability function is used to find the optimum experimental conditions for extraction of analytes from well and river waters. Due to the complexity of water matrices and the presence of...
A second-order advantage achieved with the aid of gold nanoparticle catalytic activity. Determination of nitrophenol isomers in binary mixtures
, Article Analytical Methods ; Vol. 6, issue. 9 , Feb , 2014 , pp. 3056-3064 ; ISSN: 17599660 ; Abdollahi, H ; Hormozi-Nezhad, M. R ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
A novel, simple and rapid spectrophotometric method for the determination of nitrophenol (NP) isomer mixtures based on the catalytic activity of gold nanoparticles is described. Gold nanoparticle (∼13 nm) solution was used to catalyze the reduction of NP isomers to aminophenols with an excess amount of NaBH4. The second-order data were obtained by spectrophotometrically monitoring the reduction process of NP isomers. So, multivariate curve resolution optimized by alternative least squares (MCR-ALS) was used to analyze such data. MCR-ALS, an appropriate second-order method, can exploit the so-called 'second order advantage' (the ability to determine in the presence of uncalibrated...
Voltammetric monitoring of Cd (II) by nano-TiO2 modified carbon paste electrode sensitized using 1,2-bis-[o-aminophenyl thio] ethane as a new ion receptor
, Article Sensors and Actuators, B: Chemical ; Vol. 192 , 2014 , pp. 648-657 ; ISSN: 09254005 ; Ghobadi, M ; Bideh, B. N ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
The objective of the work ahead is presentation of a new carbon paste electrode (CPE) modified by TiO2 nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) and 1,2-bis-[o-aminophenyl thio] ethane (APTE) ligand as a selective cation receptor for determination of the Cd (II) ions using differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV). The electrode shows an excellent tendency to Cd (II) ions in presence of some interfering species. Under the optimum conditions, a linear calibration curve was obtained in the concentration range of 2.9 nM to 4.6 μM with a correlation coefficient of 0.9969 in the anodic potential of 0.54 (V vs. Ag/AgCl). The metal detection limit was 2.0 nM after 10 min preconcentration (S/N = 3). The...
A visco-hyperelastic constitutive model for rubber-like materials: A rate-dependent relaxation time scheme
, Article International Journal of Engineering Science ; Volume 79, June , 2014 , Pages 44-58 ; ISSN: 00207225 ; Arghavani, J ; Naghdabadi, R ; Sohrabpour, S ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
A three-dimensional visco-hyperelastic constitutive model is developed to describe the rate-dependent behavior of rubber-like materials at large deformations. The model encompasses a hyperelastic part which uses the "Exp-Ln" strain energy function to characterize the equilibrium response and a viscous part capturing the rate sensitivity using a hereditary integral form which links the overstress to the history of stored strain energy. A physically consistent rate-dependent relaxation time scheme is introduced which reduces the number of required material parameters and also facilitates the calibration process. The proposed model is verified using various uniaxial experimental data in...
An auto-calibrated, dual-mode SRAM macro using a hybrid offset-cancelled sense amplifier
, Article Microelectronics Journal ; Vol. 45, issue. 6 , 2014 , p. 781-792 ; Sharifkhani, M ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
A dual-mode power and performance optimized SRAM is presented. Given the fact that the power and speed associated with the cell access time are directly related to the sense amplifier offset a new optimization platform based on the hybrid offset-cancelled current sense amplifier (OCCSA) [1] is presented. It is shown that the speed and power overhead of the offset cancellation can be optimized in a multi-variable auto-calibration loop to achieve the lowest power or the highest performance mode. The flexibility of having two degrees of freedom in OCCSA offers a significant bitline delay reduction with minimum power sacrifice in the high performance mode. The proposed scheme is verified using a...
Spacecraft attitude and system identification via marginal modified unscented Kalman filter utilizing the sun and calibrated three-axis-magnetometer sensors
, Article Scientia Iranica ; Vol. 21, issue. 4 , 2014 , p. 1451-1460 ; Pourtakdoust, S. H ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
This paper deals with the problems of attitude determination, parameter identification and reference sensor calibration simultaneously. An LEO satellite's attitude, inertia tensor as well as calibration parameters of Three-Axis-Magnetometer (TAM) including scale factors, misalignments and biases along three body axes are estimated during a maneuver designed to satisfy the condition of persistency of excitation. The advanced nonlinear estimation algorithm of Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) is a good choice for nonlinear estimation problem of attitude determination, but its computational cost is considerably larger than the widespread low accurate Extended Kalman Filter. Reduced Sigma Point...
Time of concentration of surface flow in complex hillslopes
, Article Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics ; Volume 61, Issue 4 , 2013 , Pages 269-277 ; 0042790X (ISSN) ; Saghafian, B ; Talebi, A ; Ardakanian, R ; Sharif University of Technology
Versita
2013
Abstract
Time of concentration (TC) of surface flow in watersheds depends on the coupled response of hillslopes and stream networks. The important point in this background is to study the effects of the geometry and the shape of complex hillslopes on the time of concentration considering the degree of flow convergence (convergent, parallel or divergent) as well as the profile curvature (concave, straight or convex). In this research, the shape factor of complex hillslopes as introduced by Agnese et al. (2007) is generalized and linked to the TC. A new model for calculating TC of complex hillslopes is presented, which depends on the plan shape, the type and degree of profile curvature, the Manning...
A low power 1.2 GS/s 4-bit flash ADC in 0.18 μm CMOS
, Article Proceedings of IEEE East-West Design and Test Symposium, EWDTS 2013 ; 2013 ; 9781479920969 (ISBN) ; Sharifkhani, M ; Sadughi, S ; Sharif University of Technology
2013
Abstract
A low power 4-bit flash ADC is proposed. A new power reduction technique is employed which deactivates the unused blocks in the converter structure in order to reduce the power consumption. A new method for built-in threshold voltage generation together with a new offset calibration method is used to further reduce the power consumption in the converter. Monte-Carlo simulation shows that after calibration both the INL and the DNL are lower than 0.35 LSB. The converter achieves 3.5 effective number of bits (ENOB) at 1.2 GS/s sampling rate after the offset calibration is performed. It consumes 10 mW from a 1.8 V supply, yielding a FoM of 560 fJ/conversion.step in a 0.18 μm standard CMOS...
A horizontally oriented setup for liquid-liquid-liquid microextraction of estrogens
, Article Analytical Methods ; Volume 5, Issue 22 , 2013 , Pages 6517-6522 ; 17599660 (ISSN) ; Maleki, H ; Es'Haghi, A ; Sharif University of Technology
2013
Abstract
A horizontally oriented liquid-liquid-liquid microextraction (HOLLLME) setup was developed and applied for the isolation of two major estrogens from aquatic media. In contrast to the conventional procedure, in this setup the extracting microdrop was suspended from a horizontally positioned needle in order to provide much higher stability to the extracting phase. The developed HOLLLME approach was applied to isolate two major selected estrogens from aquatic media followed by high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) determination. Estrogens were, initially, extracted from water samples into hexane and subsequently, the back extraction stage was performed with 6 μL of sodium...
Useful multivariate kinetic analysis: Size determination based on cystein-induced aggregation of gold nanoparticles
, Article Spectrochimica Acta - Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy ; Volume 115 , 2013 , Pages 588-594 ; 13861425 (ISSN) ; Nezhad, M. R. H ; Abdollahi, H ; Sharif University of Technology
2013
Abstract
This study describes spectrometric monitored kinetic processes to determine the size of citrate-capped Au nanoparticles (Au NPs) based on aggregation induced by L-cysteine (L-Cys) as a molecular linker. The Au NPs association process is thoroughly dependent on pH, concentration and size of nanoparticles. Size dependency of aggregation inspirits to determine the average diameters of Au NPs. For this aim the procedure is achieved in aqueous medium at pH 7 (phosphate buffer), and multivariate data including kinetic spectra of Au NPs are collected during aggregation process. Subsequently partial least squares (PLS) modeling is carried out analyzing the obtained data. The model is built on the...
Inverse modelling for freshwater lens in small islands: Kish Island, Persian Gulf
, Article Hydrological Processes ; Volume 27, Issue 19 , 2013 , Pages 2759-2773 ; 08856087 (ISSN) ; Rajabi, M. M ; Ketabchi, H ; Sharif University of Technology
2013
Abstract
A number of challenges including instability, nonconvergence, nonuniqueness, nonoptimality, and lack of a general guideline for inverse modelling have limited the application of automatic calibration by generic inversion codes in solving the saltwater intrusion problem in real-world cases. A systematic parameter selection procedure for the selection of a small number of independent parameters is applied to a real case of saltwater intrusion in a small island aquifer system in the semiarid region of the Persian Gulf. The methodology aims at reducing parameter nonuniqueness and uncertainty and the time spent on inverse modelling computations. Subsequent to the automatic calibration of the...
Energy calibration and resolution of the CMS electromagnetic calorimeter in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV
, Article Journal of Instrumentation ; Volume 8, Issue 9 , Sept , 2013 ; 17480221 (ISSN) ; Khachatryan, V ; Sirunyan, A. M ; Tumasyan, A ; Adam, W ; Bergauer, T ; Dragicevic, M ; Erö, J ; Fabjan, C ; Friedl, M ; Frühwirth, R ; Ghete, V. M ; Hörmann, N ; Hrubec, J ; Jeitler, M ; Kiesenhofer, W ; Knünz, V ; Krammer, M ; Krätschmer, I ; Liko, D ; Mikulec, I ; Rabady, D ; Rahbaran, B ; Rohringer, C ; Rohringer, H ; Schöfbeck, R ; Strauss, J ; Taurok, A ; Treberer-Treberspurg, W ; Waltenberger, W ; Wulz, C. E ; Mossolov, V ; Shumeiko, N ; Suarez Gonzalez, J ; Alderweireldt, S ; Bansal, M ; Bansal, S ; Cornelis, T ; De Wolf, E. A ; Janssen, X ; Knutsson, A ; Luyckx, S ; Mucibello, L ; Ochesanu, S ; Roland, B ; Rougny, R ; Van Haevermaet, H ; Van Mechelen, P ; Van Remortel, N ; Van Spilbeeck, A ; Blekman, F ; Blyweert, S ; D'Hondt, J ; Kalogeropoulos, A ; Keaveney, J ; Maes, M ; Olbrechts, A ; Tavernier, S ; Van Doninck, W ; Van Mulders, P ; Van Onsem, G. P ; Villella, I ; Clerbaux, B ; De Lentdecker, G ; Favart, L ; Gay, A.P.R ; Hreus, T ; Léonard, A ; Marage, P.E ; Mohammadi, A ; Reis, T ; Seva, T ; Thomas, L ; Vander Velde, C ; Vanlaer, P ; Wang, J ; Adler, V ; Beernaert, K ; Benucci, L ; Cimmino, A ; Costantini, S ; Dildick, S ; Garcia, G ; Klein, B ; Lellouch, J ; Marinov, A ; Mccartin, J ; Ocampo Rios, A. A ; Ryckbosch, D ; Sigamani, M ; Strobbe, N ; Thyssen, F ; Tytgat, M ; Walsh, S ; Yazgan, E ; Zaganidis, N ; Basegmez, S ; Beluffi, C ; Bruno, G ; Castello, R ; Caudron, A ; Ceard, L ; Delaere, C ; Du Pree, T ; Favart, D ; Forthomme, L ; Giammanco, A ; Hollar, J ; Lemaitre, V ; Liao, J ; Militaru, O ; Nuttens, C ; Pagano, D ; Pin, A ; Piotrzkowski, K ; Popov, A ; Selvaggi, M ; Vizan Garcia, J. M ; Beliy, N ; Caebergs, T ; Daubie, E ; Hammad, G. H ; Alves, G. A ; Correa Martins Junior, M ; Martins, T ; Pol, M. E ; Souza, M. H. G ; Aldá Júnior, W. L ; Carvalho, W ; Chinellato, J ; Custódio, A ; Da Costa, E. M ; De Jesus Damiao, D ; De Oliveira Martins, C ; Fonseca De Souza, S ; Malbouisson, H ; Malek, M ; Matos Figueiredo, D ; Mundim, L ; Nogima, H ; Prado Da Silva, W. L ; Santoro, A ; Soares Jorge, L ; Sznajder, A ; Tonelli Manganote, E. J ; Vilela Pereira, A ; Anjos, T. S ; Bernardes, C. A ; Dias, F. A ; Fernandez Perez Tomei, T. R ; Gregores, E. M ; Lagana, C ; Marinho, F ; Mercadante, P. G ; Novaes, S. F ; Paduia Sandra, S ; Genchev, V ; Iaydjiev, P ; Piperov, S ; Rodozov, M ; Stoykova, S ; Sultanov, G ; Tcholakov, V ; Trayanov, R ; Vutova, M ; Dimitrov, A ; Hadjiiska, R ; Kozhuharov, V ; Litov, L ; Pavlov, B ; Petkov, P ; Bian, J. G ; Chen, G. M ; Chen, H.S ; Jiang, C. H ; Liang, D ; Liang, S ; Meng, X ; Tao, J ; Wang, J ; Wang, X ; Wang, Z ; Xiao, H ; Xu, M ; Asawatangtrakuldee, C ; Ban, Y ; Guo, Y ; Li, Q ; Li, W ; Liu, S ; Mao, Y ; Qian, S. J ; Wang, D ; Zhang, L ; Zou, W ; Avila, C ; Carrillo Montoya, C. A ; Gomez, J. P ; Gomez Moreno, B ; Sanabria, J. C ; Godinovic, N ; Lelas, D ; Plestina, R ; Polie, D ; Puljak, I ; Antunovic, Z ; Kovac, M ; Brigljevic, V ; Duric, S ; Kadija, K ; Luetic, J ; Mekterovic, D ; Morovic, S ; Tikvica, L ; Attikis, A ; Mavromanolakis, G ; Mousa, J ; Nicolaou, C ; Ptochos, F ; Razis, P. A ; Finger, M ; Finger Jr., M ; Assran, Y ; Ellithi Kamel, A ; Mahmoud, M.A ; Mahrous, A ; Radi, A ; Kadastik, M ; Miintel, M ; Murumaa, M ; Raidal, M ; Rebane, L ; Tiko, A ; Eerola, P ; Fedi, G ; Voutilainen, M ; Härkönen, J ; Karimäki, V ; Kinnunen, R ; Kortelainen, M. J ; Lampen, T ; Lassila-Perini, K ; Lehti, S ; Linden, T ; Luukka, P ; Mäenpää, T ; Peltola, T ; Tuominen, E ; Tuominiemi, J ; Tuovinen, E ; Wendland, L ; Korpela, A ; Tuuva, T ; Besancon, M ; Choudhury, S ; Couderc, F ; Dejardin, M ; Denegri, D ; Fabbro, B ; Faure, J. L ; Ferri, F ; Ganjour, S ; Givernaud, A ; Gras, P ; Hamel De Monchenault, G ; Jarry, P ; Locci, E ; Malcles, J ; Millischer, L ; Nayak, A ; Rander, J ; Rosowsky, A ; Titov, M ; Baffioni, S ; Beaudette, F ; Benhabib, L ; Bianchini, L ; Bluj, M ; Busson, P ; Charlot, C ; Daci, N ; Dahms, T ; Dalchenko, M ; Dobrzynski, L ; Florent, A ; Granier De Cassagnac, R ; Haguenauer, M ; Miné, P ; Mironov, C ; Naranjo, I. N ; Nguyen, M ; Ochando, C ; Paganini, P ; Sabes, D ; Salerno, R ; Sirois, Y ; Veelken, C ; Zabi, A ; Agram, J. L ; Andrea, J ; Bloch, D ; Bodin, D ; Brom, J. M ; Chabert, E. C ; Collard, C ; Conte, E ; Drouhin, F ; Fontaine, J. C ; Gelé, D ; Goerlach, U ; Goetzmann, C ; Juillot, P ; Le Bihan, A. C ; Van Hove, P ; Gadrat, S ; Beauceron, S ; Beaupere, N ; Boudoul, G ; Brochet, S ; Chasserat, J ; Chierici, R ; Contardo, D ; Depasse, P ; El Mamouni, H ; Fay, J ; Gascon, S ; Gouzevitch, M ; Ille, B ; Kurca, T ; Lethuillier, M ; Mirabito, L ; Perries, S ; Sgandurra, L ; Sordini, V ; Tschudi, Y ; Vander Donckt, M ; Verdier, P ; Viret, S ; Tsamalaidze, Z ; Autermann, C ; Beranek, S ; Calpas, B ; Edelhoff, M ; Feld, L ; Heracleous, N ; Hindrichs, O ; Klein, K ; Merz, J ; Ostapchuk, A ; Perieanu, A ; Raupach, F ; Sammet, J ; Schael, S ; Sprenger, D ; Weber, H ; Wittmer, B ; Zhukov, V ; Ata, M ; Caudron, J ; Dietz-Laursonn, E ; Duchardt, D ; Erdmann, M ; Fischer, R ; Güth, A ; Hebbeker, T ; Heidemann, C ; Hoepfner, K ; Klingebiel, D ; Kreuzer, P ; Merschmeyer, M ; Meyer, A ; Olschewski, M ; Padeken, K ; Papacz, P ; Pieta, H ; Reithler, H ; Schmitz, S. A ; Sonnenschein, L ; Steggemann, J ; Teyssier, D ; Thüer, S ; Weber, M ; Cherepanov, V ; Erdogan, Y ; Flügge, G ; Geenen, H ; Geisler, M ; Haj Ahmad, W ; Hoehle, F ; Kargoll, B ; Kress, T ; Kuessel, Y ; Lingemann, J ; Nowack, A ; Nugent, I. M ; Perchalla, L ; Pooth, O ; Stahl, A ; Aldaya Martin, M ; Asin, I ; Sharif University of Technology
2013
Abstract
The energy calibration and resolution of the electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL) of the CMS detector have been determined using proton-proton collision data from LHC operation in 2010 and 2011 at a centre-of-mass energy of √s = 7 TeV with integrated luminosities of about 5fb-1. Crucial aspects of detector operation, such as the environmental stability, alignment, and synchronization, are presented. The in-situ calibration procedures are discussed in detail and include the maintenance of the calibration in the challenging radiation environment inside the CMS detector. The energy resolution for electrons from Z-boson decays is better than 2% in the central region of the ECAL barrel (for...
Quantitative determination of optical trapping strength and viscoelastic moduli inside living cells
, Article Physical Biology ; Volume 10, Issue 4 , 2013 ; 14783967 (ISSN) ; Richardson, A. C ; Reihani, S. N. S ; Oddershede, L. B ; Berg Sorensen, K ; Sharif University of Technology
2013
Abstract
With the success of in vitro single-molecule force measurements obtained in recent years, the next step is to perform quantitative force measurements inside a living cell. Optical traps have proven excellent tools for manipulation, also in vivo, where they can be essentially non-invasive under correct wavelength and exposure conditions. It is a pre-requisite for in vivo quantitative force measurements that a precise and reliable force calibration of the tweezers is performed. There are well-established calibration protocols in purely viscous environments; however, as the cellular cytoplasm is viscoelastic, it would be incorrect to use a calibration procedure relying on a viscous environment....
DOA estimation of multi-reflected known signals in compact arrays
, Article IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems ; Volume 49, Issue 3 , 2013 , Pages 1920-1931 ; 00189251 (ISSN) ; Sadeghi, K. H ; Sharif University of Technology
2013
Abstract
For direction of arrival (DOA) estimation in compact arrays, a new approach based on time delay and amplitude estimation is presented for a known signal. The DOA can be accurately estimated without any calibration sources since the mutual coupling and multipath effects can be eliminated by the inherent mechanism of the proposed algorithm. The algorithm has significantly lower error and much less computational burden compared with the previous methods in high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) conditions
A strain energy function for rubber-like materials
, Article Constitutive Models for Rubber VIII - Proceedings of the 8th European Conference on Constitutive Models for Rubbers, ECCMR 2013 ; 2013 , Pages 205-210 ; 9781138000728 (ISBN) ; Naghdabadi, R ; Arghavani, J ; Sharif University of Technology
2013
Abstract
Hyperelastic behavior of isotropic incompressible rubbers are studied to develop a strain energy function. The proposed function includes only three material parameters which are related to physical properties of the material molecular network. Furthermore, the model benefits from well suitting in all ranges of stretch as well as possessing the property of deformation mode independency. This reduces the required number of experimental tests for parameter calibration. Results of the model are compared with results of Mooney-Rivlin, Arruda-Boyce, Gent and Gao models as well as the experimental data
Steady flow quality assessment of a modified transonic wind tunnel
, Article Scientia Iranica ; Volume 20, Issue 3 , 2013 , Pages 500-507 ; 10263098 (ISSN) ; Soltani, M. R ; Haghiri, A ; Sharif University of Technology
2013
Abstract
An existing operational trisonic wind tunnel is upgraded to improve its performance criterion in the transonic regime. In this research, the test section is modified according to the operational requirements of the various existing transonic wind tunnels. Several perforated walls are designed, manufactured, and installed on the top and bottom sides of the test section. The flow in the test section of the wind tunnel is surveyed for the empty condition prior to testing models. Once satisfactory results regarding the flow quality requirements in the test section under various conditions were achieved, a 2D model, NACA 0012, and a 3D standard model for the transonic wind tunnels, AGARD-B, are...
A 4-Bit, 1.6 GS/s low power flash ADC, based on offset calibration and segmentation
, Article IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers ; Volume 60, Issue 9 , 2013 , Pages 2285-2297 ; 15498328 (ISSN) ; Sharifkhani, M ; Sadughi, S ; Sharif University of Technology
2013
Abstract
A low power 4-bit, 1.6 GS/s flash ADC is presented. A new power reduction technique which masks the unused blocks in a semi-pipeline chain of latches and encoders is introduced. The proposed circuit determines the unused blocks based on a pre-sensing of the signal. Moreover, a reference voltage generator with very low static power dissipation is used. Novel techniques to reduce the sensitivity to dynamic noise are proposed to suppress the noise effects on the reference generator. The proposed circuit reduces the power consumption by 20 percent compared to the conventional structure when a Nyquist rate OFDM signal is applied. The INL and DNL of the converter are smaller than 0.3 LSB after...