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Fruits and Vegetables Supply Chain Management (Case Study: Kerman Province)
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Akbari Jokar, Mohammad Reza (Supervisor)
Abstract
One of the challenges of today's economy, is improving economic structures and reduce its dependence on oil revenues. Agricultural industry as an important part of the economy, is not dependent on oil revenues and improving its structure can have a significant impact on increasing revenues. Kerman province with a high proportion of horticultural products in the country, plays a significant role in Agricultural industry .However, the problem of water shortages in the country, highlighted the efficient use of water in economic purpose and crop-planning. By the problems with the current structure, lack of management of planting crops, lack of proper supply chain, redesign of agricultural supply...
Optimal Utilization of Natural Resources in Crop Planning (Case Study: Miandoab Plain)
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Tajrishy, Masoud (Supervisor)
Abstract
Most of the surface and ground water resources are allocated to agriculture in Iran. Even though lots of water is used in this field, the level of crop production is not satisfactory due to mismanagement. Besides, environmental issues caused by surface and ground water overuse has brought the crucial situation into the governers’ attention. Over the past two decades, Lake Urmia water basin has encountered lots of environmental issues such as decrease in lake water surface. Any effort to improve water reources consumption can be very helpful to lake restoration process. Miandoab plain known as one of the main sub basins of Lake Urmia provides the lake with more than half of its surface water...
Optimal Design and Operation of Energy Supply Systems of Energy Efficient Greenhouses Based on Dual Stage Multi-objective Optimization
, Ph.D. Dissertation Sharif University of Technology ; Roshandel, Ramin (Supervisor) ; Hellweg, Stefanie (Co-Supervisor)
Abstract
The purpose of this research is developing an analytical and decision-making tool that examines the interactions between greenhouse energy demand and yield production. Greenhouseholders can use the analytical tool to design and operate existintg and newly built greenhouses in an optimal way. Becides, the decision making tool helps planners and policymakers to improve the performance of greenhouses and extend greenhouse cultivation with respect to their economic or environmental objectives.In order to develop this decision making tool, existing models for greenhouses have been investigated and various algorithms have been combined to develop an integrated energy demand-plant growth model. The...
Modification of Crop Pattern Considering Climate Change and Efficient Use of Water Resources
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Moghim, Sanaz (Supervisor)
Abstract
In recent decades, the earth is affected by climate change and the seasons has been warmer than the last. Furthermore, the efficiency of agricultural irrigation is low, and it leads to surface water drought and decrease in groundwater level. The Middle East is known for its warm desert climate. Lack of water resources is considered the most limiting factor for sustainable agriculture and water management of irrigation is a crucial issue for agriculture in Middle East. So it’s necessary to devote the cropping pattern considering above changes. The FAO56 Penman-Monteith equation is the standardized ETo equation. A comparison was made between 8 selected methods and FAO56-PM. Thus the method...
Simulation of the Effect of Different Measures on the Amount of Water Entering the South of Lake Urmia Using the MIKE SHE Simulator Model
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Tajrishy, Masoud (Supervisor)
Abstract
Sustainable management of water resources is an important issue today, because it can play a role in achieving environmental protection and economic prosperity. Lake Urmia is a remarkable ecological system, because it includes a unique habitat with native and migratory species, maintains the temperature balance of the region, prevents the formation of dust in the region and is one of the largest Tourism and recreational destinations and a source of income for many people in the Area. However, over the past two decades, the intensification of agricultural activities, the indiscriminate use of water, and climate fluctuations have put significant pressure on it and have led to a gradual...
Crop Classification using Sentinel-Image Timeseries and Deep Learning
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Manzuri, Mohammad Taghi (Supervisor)
Abstract
Crop classification is one of the most important applications of remote sensing in agriculture. Knowing what crops are on the farm is invaluable both on a micro and macro scale. For example, this information can be used to design and imple- ment agricultural policies, product management and ensure food security. Also, this information can be used as a prerequisite for implementing other programs at the farm scale, such as monitoring and detecting anomalies during the crop growth cycle. Most of the studies in this field are focused on the optical data of the Sentinel-2 satel- lite, but the optical data are vulnerable to atmospheric conditions, and on the other hand, there is valuable...
Contested framings and policy controversies: Analysing biosafety policy-making in Iran
, Article Science and Public Policy ; Volume 40, Issue 5 , 2013 , Pages 616-627 ; 03023427 (ISSN) ; Millstone, E ; Sharif University of Technology
2013
Abstract
Vigorous debates have taken place within and between many countries about regulatory policy regimes covering the assessment and approval of genetically modified (GM) crops. In Iran, a very vigorous and hotly contested policy debate concerning legislation covering GM crops occurred between 2004 and 2009, but it was confined within government circles with almost no public discussion. This paper analyses the Iranian policy-making process in the period 2006-9. It explains how and why a stalemate arose in disputes between ministries and departments. The chosen analytical framework draws mainly on the regulation of technological risks and the analysis of public policy-making. It deploys the...
Spatially distributed influence of agro-environmental factors governing nitrate fate and transport in an irrigated stream-aquifer system
, Article Hydrology and Earth System Sciences ; Volume 19, Issue 12 , 2015 , Pages 4859-4876 ; 10275606 (ISSN) ; Ahmadi, M ; Gates, T. K ; Arabi, M ; Sharif University of Technology
Copernicus GmbH
2015
Abstract
Elevated levels of nitrate (NO3) in groundwater systems pose a serious risk to human populations and natural ecosystems. As part of an effort to remediate NO3 contamination in irrigated stream-aquifer systems, this study elucidates agricultural and environmental parameters and processes that govern NO3 fate and transport at the regional (500 km2), local (50 km2), and field scales (<1 km2). Specifically, the revised Morris sensitivity analysis method was applied to a finite-difference nitrogen cycling and reactive transport model of a regional-scale study site in the lower Arkansas River valley in southeastern Colorado. The method was used to rank the influence of anthropogenic activities and...
Development of a mathematical methodology to investigate biohydrogen production from regional and national agricultural crop residues: A case study of Iran
, Article International Journal of Hydrogen Energy ; Volume 42, Issue 4 , 2017 , Pages 1989-2007 ; 03603199 (ISSN) ; Karimi Alavijeh, M ; Zilouei, H ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier Ltd
2017
Abstract
This study aims to construct a quantitative framework to assess biological production of hydrogen from agricultural residues in a country or region. The presented model is able to determine proper crops for biohydrogen production, its possible applications and use as well as environmental aspects. A multiplicative decomposition method was designed to forecast future production and Monte Carlo simulation was employed in the model to evaluate the risk of estimations. From 2013 to 2050, the hydrogen production capacity could increase from 53.59 to 164.41 kilotonnes (kt) in Iran. The highest contribution to biohydrogen production (52.1% in 2013 and 73.3% in 2050) belongs to cereal crops...
A novel integrated framework to evaluate greenhouse energy demand and crop yield production
, Article Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews ; Volume 96 , 2018 , Pages 487-501 ; 13640321 (ISSN) ; Heeren, N ; Hellweg, S ; Roshandel, R ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier Ltd
2018
Abstract
Greenhouses are complex systems that require considerable amounts of energy. In order to optimize their performance, it is necessary to reduce the amount of energy per unit of crop produced. This requires a combined assessment of greenhouse energy balance and crop growth, as well as their interaction. In this work, more than 30 existing greenhouse models are reviewed and different algorithms are combined to propose an integrated energy-yield model. The physical model of greenhouse energy demand is based on the dynamic energy and mass balance while yield production is based on a physiological crop model. The integrated model is validated with observed energy demand and crop yield datasets...
Comparative analysis of agricultural water pricing between Azarbaijan Provinces in Iran and the state of California in the US: A hydro-economic approach
, Article Agricultural Water Management ; Volume 223 , 2019 ; 03783774 (ISSN) ; Zakeri, Z ; Esfandiari, M ; Behzadian, K ; Zahedi, S ; Razavi, V ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier B.V
2019
Abstract
Iranian water authority has recently announced that one of the effective ways to avoid unprecedented high water consumption in Iran's agriculture sector is to increase water price. This paper analyzes the feasibility of this policy by using a hydro-economic approach with the aim to consider the role of water pricing in agricultural water management. Such an analysis was conducted through comparing price of water consumed for producing selected agricultural crops (i.e. wheat, sugar beets, onion, tomato, barley, potato, corn, alfalfa hay and watermelon) in a case study on two provinces (East Azarbaijan and West Azarbaijan) in Iran to that in the state of California (CA) in the USA. According...
A comparative study on the environmental impact of greenhouses: A probabilistic approach
, Article Science of the Total Environment ; Volume 675 , 2019 , Pages 560-569 ; 00489697 (ISSN) ; Heeren, N ; Hellweg, S ; Roshandel, R ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier B.V
2019
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the most important drivers of environmental impacts and identify the influence of parameters on the uncertainty of the environmental impacts in various climate zones and future climate scenarios. We couple a combined greenhouse energy demand-yield simulation tool with a life cycle assessment to identify the drivers for greenhouse energy, water and CO2 demand as well as yield production. Environmental impacts are evaluated using the methods of IPPC for assessing climate change and available water remaining (AWARE) for water scarcity impacts. Furthermore, we compare the results for all five main climate world regions. With a global sensitivity analysis,...
Assessment of Global Potential of Biohydrogen Production from Agricultural Residues and Its Application in Nitrogen Fertilizer Production
, Article Bioenergy Research ; 2019 ; 19391234 (ISSN) ; Yaghmaei, S ; Mardanpour, M. M ; Sharif University of Technology
Springer
2019
Abstract
In the present study, an attempt was made to investigate the potential of some of the major world’s crops, including wheat, corn, rice, barley, sugarcane, sugar beet, potatoes, and oats, to produce biohydrogen. The collectable amount of agricultural residues that could especially be used to produce hydrogen was estimated in Africa, Asia, Central America, Europe, Northern America, Oceania, and South America, and the potential amount of ammonia as the main nitrogen fertilizer was estimated. Double exponential smoothing method was employed to forecast the future crop production and area harvested. It was calculated that about 10.56 (in 2013) and 15.5 (in 2030) Mt of biohydrogen and 59.84 (in...
Assessment of global potential of biohydrogen production from agricultural residues and its application in nitrogen fertilizer production
, Article Bioenergy Research ; 2019 ; 19391234 (ISSN) ; Yaghmaei, S ; Mardanpour, M. M ; Sharif University of Technology
Springer
2019
Abstract
In the present study, an attempt was made to investigate the potential of some of the major world’s crops, including wheat, corn, rice, barley, sugarcane, sugar beet, potatoes, and oats, to produce biohydrogen. The collectable amount of agricultural residues that could especially be used to produce hydrogen was estimated in Africa, Asia, Central America, Europe, Northern America, Oceania, and South America, and the potential amount of ammonia as the main nitrogen fertilizer was estimated. Double exponential smoothing method was employed to forecast the future crop production and area harvested. It was calculated that about 10.56 (in 2013) and 15.5 (in 2030) Mt of biohydrogen and 59.84 (in...
Assessment of global potential of biohydrogen production from agricultural residues and its application in nitrogen fertilizer production
, Article Bioenergy Research ; Volume 13, Issue 2 , 2020 , Pages 463-476 ; Yaghmaei, S ; Mardanpour, M. M ; Sharif University of Technology
Springer
2020
Abstract
In the present study, an attempt was made to investigate the potential of some of the major world’s crops, including wheat, corn, rice, barley, sugarcane, sugar beet, potatoes, and oats, to produce biohydrogen. The collectable amount of agricultural residues that could especially be used to produce hydrogen was estimated in Africa, Asia, Central America, Europe, Northern America, Oceania, and South America, and the potential amount of ammonia as the main nitrogen fertilizer was estimated. Double exponential smoothing method was employed to forecast the future crop production and area harvested. It was calculated that about 10.56 (in 2013) and 15.5 (in 2030) Mt of biohydrogen and 59.84 (in...
Direct transesterification of wet microalgae to biodiesel using phosphonium carboxylate ionic liquid catalysts
, Article Biomass and Bioenergy ; Volume 150 , 2021 ; 09619534 (ISSN) ; Kariminia, H. R ; Plechkova, N. K ; Ward, V. C. A ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier Ltd
2021
Abstract
In this study, four types of tetrabutylphosphonium carboxylate ionic liquids (ILs) were synthesized and used for a one-pot transesterification of wet Chlorella vulgaris (C. vulgaris) microalgae into fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) in the presence of methanol, as well as refined oils (sunflower, canola, and corn oil). The resulting process removed the need for complete drying and lipid extraction steps typically needed for biodiesel production from microalgae. The leading candidate ionic liquid catalyst, tetrabutylphosphonium formate ([P4444][For]), was further optimized using response surface methodology to minimize material consumption, increase water compatibility, reduce processing time...
Formalin fumigation and steaming of various composts differentially influence the nutrient release, growth and yield of muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.)
, Article Scientific Reports ; Volume 11, Issue 1 , 2021 ; 20452322 (ISSN) ; Ali, M. A ; Smith, D. L ; Masood, S ; Qayyum, M. F ; Ahmed, N ; Rehman, A ; Ahmad, S ; Hussain, S ; Arshad, M ; Muneer, S ; Khan, A. H. A ; Fahad, S ; Datta, R ; Iqbal, M ; Schwinghamer, T. D ; Sharif University of Technology
Nature Research
2021
Abstract
Nutrient disorder and presence of disease-causing agents in soilless media negatively influence the growth of muskmelon. To combat these issues, use of environmentally-friendly sanitation techniques is crucial for increased crop productivity. The study was conducted under greenhouse and field conditions to investigate the effect of two different sanitation techniques: steaming and formalin fumigation on various media’s characteristics and their impact on muskmelon yield. Media: jantar, guar, wheat straw and rice hull and peat moss of 10% air-filled porosity and sanitized with formalin and steaming. Steaming of guar, jantar, and wheat straw increased the phosphorus (P) and potassium (K)...
One‐dimensional convolutional neural networks for hyperspectral analysis of nitrogen in plant leaves
, Article Applied Sciences (Switzerland) ; Volume 11, Issue 24 , 2021 ; 20763417 (ISSN) ; Sabzi, S ; Rohban, M. H ; Hernández‐hernández, J. L ; Gallardo‐bernal, I ; Herrera‐miranda, I ; García‐mateos, G ; Sharif University of Technology
MDPI
2021
Abstract
Accurately determining the nutritional status of plants can prevent many diseases caused by fertilizer disorders. Leaf analysis is one of the most used methods for this purpose. However, in order to get a more accurate result, disorders must be identified before symptoms appear. Therefore, this study aims to identify leaves with excessive nitrogen using one‐dimensional convolutional neural networks (1D‐CNN) on a dataset of spectral data using the Keras library. Seeds of cucumber were planted in several pots and, after growing the plants, they were divided into different classes of control (without excess nitrogen), N30% (excess application of nitrogen fertilizer by 30%), N60% (60% overdose),...
A method to estimate surface soil moisture and map the irrigated cropland area using sentinel-1 and sentinel-2 data
, Article Sustainability (Switzerland) ; Volume 13, Issue 20 , 2021 ; 20711050 (ISSN) ; Jalilvand, E ; Tajrishy, M ; Sharif University of Technology
MDPI
2021
Abstract
Considering variations in surface soil moisture (SSM) is essential in improving crop yield and irrigation scheduling. Today, most remotely sensed soil moisture products have difficulties in resolving irrigation signals at the plot scale. This study aims to use Sentinel-1 radar backscatter and Sentinel-2 multispectral imagery to estimate SSM at high spatial (10 m) and temporal resolution (at least 5 days) over an agricultural domain. Three supervised machine learning algorithms, multilayer perceptron (MLP), a convolutional neural network (CNN), and linear regression models, were trained to estimate changes in SSM based on the variation in surface reflectance and backscatter over five...
An integrated dynamic model for evaluating the influence of ground to air heat transfer system on heating, cooling and CO2 supply in Greenhouses: Considering crop transpiration
, Article Renewable Energy ; Volume 173 , 2021 , Pages 42-56 ; 09601481 (ISSN) ; Roshandel, R ; Avami, A ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier Ltd
2021
Abstract
Nowadays, one of the most important challenges in developing greenhouses is meeting their energy demand. The other challenge is the high water consumption of evaporative-cooling systems in arid and semi-arid regions. In this study, a integrated dynamic model is developed to determine the greenhouse relative humidity, carbon dioxide, and temperature, considering transpiration. The model is applied to a greenhouse utilizing a ground to air heat transfer system, located in the Alborz province of Iran and the results are validated with experimental data. Energy and water performance of the greenhouse are evaluated for the case study greenhouse. Then, the model is applied to a greenhouse (similar...