Sharif Digital Repository

The rapid increasment of energy carriers and investment expenses in recent years, has increased the costs of energy demand and attracted those interested in consume reduction and efficiency using modern cutting-edge technologies. This research intends to design a general framework for optimization and energy and water demanding management studies in a sample region, regarding the new concept, energy hub.Thus as the first step, the existing industries and technologies with their thermal and electrical demands is considered as the first hub and wastewater treatment plant with its other equipments and thermal and electrical demands is considered as the second hub. The main issue in the modeling... 

With the growing population and the development of human societies, the demand for energy increases. And it is expected that for the next few decades, fossil fuels will continue to be recognized as the main sources of energy supply and used to meet energy demand. One of the biggest disadvantages of fossil fuel consumption is the emission of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, which raises the Earth's temperature and has devastating effects on the climate and the lives of its inhabitants. On the other hand, fossil fuels are recognized as non-renewable sources and their lifespan is only for the next few decades. Today, one of the major concerns of societies, especially in developed... 

Large penetration of electric vehicles and distributed generation (DG) resources in upcoming years will change the future vision of distribution networks from some passive load points into active ones. The imposed load of electric vehicles charging has caused many new challenges in operation and planning studies of distribution network. In contrast, the abilities of electric vehicles in feeding back power into the network (V2G programs) has attracted attention from grid operators and also vehicles owners. So, the problem of managing charging and discharging behaviors of electric vehicles has been introduced as a hot research topic in recent year. This dissertation as the first effort in this... 

Urban energy systems are responsible for the majority of the energy consumption around the world and they play an important role in energy issues such as economic security and climate change. Furthermore, there are growing concerns about the depletion of fossil fuel resources and the negative effect they have had on the ecosystem. To this end, a holistic and integrated approach is necessary for the optimal design and operation of urban energy systems that makes expressive betterment in energy efficiency and environmental impact. The aim of this research is to develop an optimum methodology for communities in the context of energy hub. The energy hub is a novel concept to systematically... 

The population growth and scarcity of resources such as water and land make the food security as one the most important critical priorities in the world. Development of food production in greenhousesinstead of the traditional agriculture in rural areas is an efficient and applicable approache to reach food security and optimum use of water resources. However, this requires more capital. An important part of this cost is related to the cost of energy supply for heating and cooling in order to provide a suitable condition for the growth of plants. Optimal design of a rural energy supply and optimal operation of existing greenhouses to maximize the benefit of the greenhouse owners and to... 

Traditionally, different energy carriers are operated and planned independently. In recent years, with the growth of technology, communication has increased between different energy carrier-systems, in particular within electricity and natural gas networks. The attention to the links between various energy carriers has led to the formation of a new concept called the Energy Hub (EH). In this research, the problem of capacity development planning for gas power plant, CHP and boiler has been studied in a specified time horizon for several energy hubs, so as to meet the demand for electrical and thermal energy. It is worthy to note that the development of electricity and natural gas... 

Using energy storage systems has been remarkably improved the energy systems efficiency and reliability indicators of the system and also reduced the operating costs of these systems. Thus using them in an energy system would count as an advantage. Lately, the procedure of implementation of these systems has been studied widely and various motives behind implementing them have been reviewed. For example, the effect of cost optimization in electrical vehicles on reliability indicators from the load management perspective can be addressed. Therefore this thesis has studied the effect of electrical and thermal storage systems on the reliability indicators of an energy hub and the effect of... 

In recent years, various studies have been conducted focusing on the optimization and scheduling of energy hubs (EH). EH optimization is important because it tries to create synergy in the energy supply system by considering the relationships between energy carriers. For this purpose, various algorithms such as analytical methods (linear programming) and evolutionary and heuristic algorithms have been used. Also, recently, various studies have addressed the applications of reinforcement learning for energy hub management. In this study, a hybrid model for energy hub management has been developed by combining classical linear models (Known as white-box models) and reinforcement learning... 

Restructuring energy systems for increasing the competence and improving the efficiency has been regarded by energy policy makers. Also, the emerging of new technologies and also the district generation has increased the competence in energy industry. Planning and exploiting the energy system in a restructured environment, has basic differences with integrated systems. Models that can assess the behavior of independent players are needed to assess energy systems in a restructured space.The goal of the present study is to present a model to optimally develop the energy system in a restructured environment. The concept of energy hub was applied to model multicarrier systems. Three steps were... 

With deployment of distributed generation such as photovoltaic (PV) and active prosumers along with demand response (DR) ability, new fields are being created for energy markets and they are moving towards a consumer-centric way. Peer-to-Peer (P2P) network is one of the top research focuses which many studies have been conducted recently. The P2P network is based on multi bilateral agreements between Prosumers that help each other to manage and balance the supply and demand of energy between each other. In this thesis, two important structures of P2P network, which are called community-based and fully-decentrilized, respectively based on MILP (mixed integer linear programing) and ADMM... 

Increasing energy demand and at the same time, considering exhaustible fossil fuel resources has led to increase distributed generation for reducing energy loss and increasing efficiency of energy systems specially due to technical development on generation systems that meet environmental and energy policy concerns. One of the most important distributed energy technologies is Combined Heat and Power (CHP). CHP is small, high efficiency, low installation time and self-contained electric generation plant that can provide power for household applications, commercial or industrial facilities and hence its applications are overtly increasing. It can reduce power loss and enhance service... 

The development of technologies such as micro turbines and gas furnaces has been the major driving force towards integration of electricity and natural gas networks in the energy hubs (EH). Besides, the existing power grids are getting smarter by implementing the new generation of information technologies and communication systems. In smart grid, the electricity suppliers can modify the customers’ electrical load consumption by employing appropriate scheduling schemes such as DR (demand response) programs. In this thesis, I consider the S. E. Hubs (smartenergy hubs) framework, in which the customers can use EMS (energy management system) to access to the electricity and natural gas prices... 

By increasing the penetration of distributed generation (DG) technologies such as photovoltaiec, μCHP etc, power generation system is moving from a centralized network to a distributed scheme with different generation units at lower level of voltage.This trend will provide the opportunity for cosumers to make decision when and which source of energy to use, due to the owner’s objectives. Here, to investigate these aspects, we use the energy hub framework, considering different energy carrier networks, DGs and storage devices. In this thesis, we model and simulate an energy system containing three interconnected energy hubs, which serve as interface between suppliers and consummers. In an... 

Besides increasing the installation of distributed generation plants, investigating multi-carrier energy systems leads recent studies to focus on Smart Energy Hub (S.E.Hub) systems. S.E.Hub systems incorporate several modules which optimal size and operation of each have already attracted a great deal of research. Uncertainty in the modelling of these modules is an imperative factor that has not been associated in S.E.Hub models properly. To build up a more precise framework for S.E.Hubs, here we present a stochastic model for electricity and natural-gas prices, electricity and heat demands, and emission costs. In this paper, S.E.Hub operates based on minimizing weighted sum function which... 

Nowadays, demands increment is one of the greatest concerns of energy systems operators. Consequently, enhancing the efficiency of consumption is an inevitable goal, which leads us to a concept named as energy hub (EH). In a simple definition, an EH is a multi-generation system where different energy carriers are converted and stored by various devices such as combined cooling, heating and power (CCHP), battery, and boiler to meet the load demands. In addition, with advent of smart grids (SG), demand side management (DSM) becomes one of the effective techniques with significant role in optimizing energy systems performance. DSM commonly refers to methods implemented by utility companies to... 

Increasing demand, rising energy costs, and environmental concerns are some of the main challenges faced by the energy industry in upcoming years. With such a diverse set of issues, it is important to take a holistic approach to addressing these concerns and therefore transitioning to a smarter grid. Demand response (DR) has recently been introduced as a promising solution to these issues in the smart grid era. Since residential demand is a significant portion of the total system load, residential customers play critical roles in a proper implementation of DR programs. The main obstacle in broad implementation of residential DR is the low participation of customers in these programs. Lack of... 

Energy storage systems are expected to play an important role in future renewable-based power systems. Recently, lithium-ion batteries have been attracting considerable attention as alternative energy storage systems due to their advantages. In this study, viability of battery storage systems as large-scale energy storage systems is studied in the context of a residential energy hub. A stochastic optimization problem is proposed for energy management of the energy hub where wind generation and demand are considered uncertain. In order to account for the degradation costs of the battery storage system, a data-driven State-of-health prediction model is developed based on the relevance vector... 

Energy supplement for various demands, including industrial demands, has been human being's challenge over years therefore infrastructures have been developed to generate and transmit energy, gradually. These infrastructures are planned and operated mostly individually so they have less efficiency. Energy hub is a concept that considers energy supplement infrastructures and technologies together. Energy storages play a key role in energy hub. This research intends to provide a framework for industrial load supplement using energy hub concept emphasizing on energy storage role, developing energy supplement optimal size and operation methods. Regarding this method, after introducing main... 

Many of today’s energy infrastructures need to be restructured to accompany the changes in the needs of humankind. On the one hand, more human activitie’s dependency on different energy carriers, and on the other hand, reduction of fossil fuels as the main energy resources, have caused that policies in many countries to be faced with fundamental changes in the area of energy. Optimal use of different types of energy carriers as an integrated system, is one of the main strategies that have been proposed to enhance energy efficiency. Using the concept of energy hub as the main key of integrated energy systems, this project intends to design a general framework for optimization and management... 

Nowadays, classic energy supply systems are rapidly shifting towards more efficient, with less pollution, and more economic energy systems. In the meantime, the growing dependence of human activities on energy sources and the reduction of fossil fuels resources as the main source of energy supply at present time, has led to fundamental changes in the energy policy of communities. The use of distributed power generation systems utilizing renewable energy sources is one of the solutions that have been proposed in this regard. This research aims to develop a local energy supply network for a specific rural district using energy sources in place, so that the area is energy self-sufficient and...