Sharif Digital Repository

The electro-mechanical impedance (EMI) method has been accepted as an effective technique for detecting damages in the Structural health monitoring (SHM). EMI at any point of the structure depends on material properties, geometry and boundary conditions that all appears in dynamic stiffness of the structure. In spite of the expensive experimental methods for measuring the mechanical impedance, or the cheaper one electromechanical impedance, of structures, various analytical methods could be substitutions for them. In this paper, an analytical method is developed to obtain the EMI response of L-shaped beams through calculating the dynamic stiffness of the structure. To verify the model, an... 

Impact loading leads to micro-crack formation that can compromise the performance of the concrete. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate plain concrete and fiber-reinforced concrete specimens using ultrasound methods under impact loading. These specimens were prepared and subjected to impact loading. Ultrasound tests were performed at different stages of impact loading on each specimen. The loading continued until cracks on the surface of the specimens were observed. Investigations were performed for both plain concrete and fiber-reinforced concrete to establish a correlation between ultrasound response characteristics, and the damage caused by impact loading due to the energy of blows... 

Estimation of physical parameters of a parametrically excited gyroscope is studied in this paper. This estimation is possible by reading the input and output data of the gyroscope. Because of different faults in the manufacturing process and tolerances, physical parameters of a gyroscope are not exactly same as the expected values of the manufacturer. Moreover, changing of temperature, humidity, external acceleration, etc. can change the physical parameters of the gyro. Thus, the physical parameters of gyroscope are not fixed values and may deviate from the desired designed values. The physical parameters of gyroscope determine the optimal region for working of gyroscope. Thus, if the... 

Due to flexibility of thin plates, high-amplitude vibrations are observed when they are subjected to severe dynamic loads. Because of the extensive application of circular plates in industry, attenuating the undesired vibrations is of foremost importance. In this paper, Adaptable Vibration Suppressors (AVSs) as a semi-active control approach were utilized to suppress the vibrations in a free circular plate under the concentrative harmonic excitation. Using mode summation method, the mathematical model of the hybrid system including the plate and an arbitrary number of vibration suppressors was analyzed. By developing a complex multiple-loop algorithm, optimum values for the parameters of... 

Due to flexibility of thin plates, high-amplitude vibrations are observed when they are subjected to severe dynamic loads. Because of the extensive application of circular plates in industry, attenuating the undesired vibrations is of foremost importance. In this paper, Adaptable Vibration Suppressors (AVSs) as a semi-active control approach were utilized to suppress the vibrations in a free circular plate under the concentrative harmonic excitation. Using mode summation method, the mathematical model of the hybrid system including the plate and an arbitrary number of vibration suppressors was analyzed. By developing a complex multiple-loop algorithm, optimum values for the parameters of... 

During the past years, the development of piezoelectric energy harvesters is extensively increased for providing the required energy of sensor nodes. It has been proven that changing the beam’s cross-section along its length direction may lead to extract more power with less mass. In this article, a hybrid metaheuristic algorithm called tabu continuous ant colony system is employed to optimize the tapered piezoelectric energy harvester in a fast and course manner. The exponential and fourth-order polynomial functions are considered as shaping functions for tapering the beam’s width along its length direction. An experiment is also set up to evaluate the performance of the optimization... 

This paper is focused on presenting an accurate framework to describe frequency-dependent energy harvesting via magnetic shape memory alloys (MSMAs). Modeling strategy incorporates the phenomenological constitutive model developed formerly together with the magnetic diffusion equation. A hyperbolic hardening function is employed to define reorientation-induced strain hardening in the material, and the diffusion equation is used to add dynamic effects to the model. The MSMA prismatic specimen is surrounded by a pickup coil, and the induced voltage during martensite-variant reorientation is investigated with the help of Faraday's law of magnetic field induction. It has been shown that, in... 

This paper investigates flow separation control over an airfoil using dual excitation of DBD plasma actuators as a novel approach. Large eddy simulation is adopted to capture vortical structures within the airfoil wake. Power spectral density and dynamic mode decomposition analyses have been utilized to identify local and global oscillatory behavior associated with flow structures of the wake. Three controlled cases are considered in the present study. In the first case, the wake mode frequency (i.e., the frequency of natural vortex shedding) is used to excite separated shear layers at both the upper surface and the trailing edge of the airfoil, simultaneously. In the second case, the... 

This paper considers Pressure Oscillation (PO) experiments for which we find the minimum experiment time that guarantees user-imposed parameter variance upper bounds and honours actuator limits. The parameters permeability and porosity are estimated with a classical least-squares estimation method for which an expression of the covariance matrix of the estimates is calculated. This expression is used to tackle the optimization problem. We study the Dynamic Darcy Cell experiment set-up (Heller et al., 2002) and focus on data generation using square wave actuator signals, which, as we shall prove, deliver shorter experiment times than sinusoidal ones. Parameter identification is achieved using... 

Valveless micropumps are widely used due to simple structure, durability and low maintenance. Understanding the fluid-membrane interaction and performance criteria is still a challenging problem for the scientists. In this work, a new model for side mounted valve micropumps is developed to obtain dynamic response of micropump with respect to piezoelectric actuation. The parameters of this model are obtained in terms of actuation frequency and geometrical dimensions of the micropump. Balancing elastic, inertial and damping forces result in the governing equation of the micropump system model. Analytical studies for the bottom mounted valve micropump indicate pump flux is independent of the... 

This paper aims to explore the dynamic behaviour of a nano-resonator under ac and dc excitation using strain gradient theory. To achieve this goal, the partial differential equation of nano-beam vibration is first converted to an ordinary differential equation by the Galerkin projection method and the lumped model is derived. Lumped parameters of the nano-resonator, such as linear and nonlinear springs and damper coefficients, are compared with those of classical theory and it is demonstrated that beams with smaller thickness display greater deviation from classical parameters. Stable and unstable equilibrium points based on classic and non-classical theories are also compared. The results... 

Acoustically excited lean premixed low-swirl flames were experimentally investigated to gain a better understanding of detrimental thermoacoustic couplings which can occur in applications like low-NOx gas turbines. Propane-air flames were imaged and analyzed at equivalence ratios of 0.6 to 0.8, mean flow velocities of 3.5 to 5.5 m/s and excitation frequencies of 135 Hz to 555 Hz. It was observed that with increasing excitation frequency, mean flame shape gradually became wider up to a Strouhal number of about 2.5 and then slowly reverted back to the unexcited flame shape. Such large changes in mean flame shape and possibly flow field under acoustic excitations can significantly affect flame... 

The need for simplified physical models representing frequency dependent soil impedances has been the motivation behind many researches throughout history. Generally, such models are generated to capture impedance functions in a wide range of excitation frequencies, which leads to relatively complex models. That is while there is just a limited range of frequencies that really influence the response of the structure. Here, a new methodology based on the response-matching concept is proposed, which can lead to the development of simpler discrete models. The idea is then used to upgrade an existing simple model of surface foundations to the case of embedded foundations. The applicability of... 

Extraction of the frequency response of a musical instrument is the first step to analyze its vibration characteristic. This research introduces the results of several experiments implemented on Setar, a Persian long-necked lute. Setar has a wooden, reflective sound-box which is highly coupled with its surrounding air. High level of damping in addition to the composite properties in Setar, consequences dissimilar frequency domain vibration patterns. At lower frequencies, the response exhibits very distinct modal behavior, while in higher frequencies an overall effect of close modes is demonstrated. In this paper different approaches are utilized to handle both frequency regimes; and their...