Sharif Digital Repository

This paper proposes a novel method for detection and isolation of wastegate (WG) faults in a turbocharged (TC) gasoline engine. This paper starts with a fault effect analysis on the WG faults, including WG stuck open and stuck closed, which is an early step in a detection strategy design. Then, a second-order sliding-mode observer (SOSMO) is proposed to capture the exhaust manifold dynamics. The observer uses experimentally validated engine models to estimate the WG position and a virtual force. The virtual force represents the external disturbances that disrupt the WG operation and enables the proposed SOSMO to estimate the WG position robust to the faults. Using this force, a detection and... 

Reliability of any model-based failure detection and isolation (FDI) method depends on the amount of uncertainty in a system model. Recently, it has been shown that the use of joint torque sensing results in a simplified manipulator model that excludes hardly identifiable link dynamics and other nonlinearities such as friction, backlash, and flexibilities. In this paper, we show that the application of the simplified model in a fault detection algorithm increases reliability of fault monitoring system against modeling uncertainty. The proposed FDI filter is based on a smooth velocity observer of degree 2n where n stands for the number of manipulator joints. No velocity measurement and... 

In this paper, we introduce a new approach to fault detection and isolation for robot manipulators. Our technique is based on using a new simplified Euler-Lagrange (EL) equation that reduces complexity of the proposed fault detection method. The proposed approach isolates the faults and is capable of handling the uncertainty in manipulator gravity vector. It is shown that the effect of uncalibrated torque sensor measurement is asymptotically rejected in the detection process. A simulation example is presented to illustrate the results. © 2009 IEEE  

A fault detection and isolation method for satellite rate gyros is proposed based on using the satellite-to-satellite measurements such as relative position beside orbit parameters of the primary satellite. By finding a constant of motion, it is shown that the dynamic states in a relative motion are restricted in such a way that the angular velocity vector of primary satellite lies on a quadratic surface. This constant of motion is then used to detect the gyroscope faults and estimate the corresponding scale factor or bias values of the rate gyros of the primary satellite. The proposed algorithm works even in time variant fault situations as well, and does not impose any additional... 

The nonlinear model predictive control (MPC) approach is used to control the coupled translational-rotational motion of an all-thruster spacecraft when one of the actuators fails. In order to model the dynamical response of the spacecraft in MPC, instead of direct integration, a neural network (NN) model is utilized. This model is built of a static NN, followed by a dynamic NN. The static NN is used to find the changes of the mapping of “the demanded forces to the thrusters” and “the real torques/forces produced by the remaining thrusters” after the failure occurrence through online training. In this manner, the effect of failed thruster on the dynamics can be found and the need for... 

Reliability of model-based failure detection and isolation (FDI) methods depends on the amount of uncertainty in a system model. Recently, it has been shown that the use of joint torque sensing results in a simplified manipulator model that excludes hardly identifiable link dynamics and other nonlinearities. We present a geometric approach to fault detection and isolation (FDI) for robotic manipulators using joint torque sensor in presence of model uncertainty. A systematic procedure is introduced for representing a robotic system model using joint torque sensor being affine with respect to faults and disturbances. The proposed FDI filter has smooth dynamics with freely selectable functions... 

In this paper, a multiple model-based nonlinear identification approach is introduced for a conventional aircraft in the presence of different types of actuator faults. Occurrence of actuator faults can obviously reduce the validity of a predetermined dynamic model of nonlinear systems. In such cases, use of multi-model structures can be an effective choice. However, determining the optimal validity functions of the local models in a multi-model structure is still a challenging problem. This problem becomes even more challenging in case of unpredictable faults, which are not considered in training the local models. In this paper, two effective techniques are proposed for online determination... 

We present a geometric approach for fault detection and isolation (FDI) in robotic manipulators in presence of model uncertainty. A systematic procedure is introduced for representing robotic system model being affine with respect to faults and disturbances. The proposed residual generator has smooth dynamics with freely selectable functions and it does not require high gains or threshold adjustment for the FDI purpose. No assumption on amplitude of faults and their rate is used. The solvability conditions for the FDI problem lead to a quotient observable subspace unaffected by all unknown inputs except the faults. Simulation example demonstrates localization of faults in presence of... 

This paper presents a nonlinear geometric approach to fault detection and isolation (FDI) in grid-connected inverters. Faults are considered in inverter switches as well as in grid voltage and source current sensors. The FDI system is not sensitive to load variations or grid transients. No assumptions on balanced, zero-sum or sinusoidal form of voltages or currents are made. The resulting residual converges to zero in no-fault condition such that no threshold adjustment is needed. Simulations demonstrate performance of the proposed FDI system in presence of unknown disturbance. © 2018 IEEE  

We present a nonlinear geometric approach to fault detection and isolation (FDI) in a grid-connected inverter system. Open-switch faults in inverter power transistors together with faults in grid voltages and source current sensors are detected and isolated in the presence of disturbance. The detection process is based on dynamic model of an inverter, including a dc-bus capacitor and an output RL filter. The proposed FDI system does not rely on balanced or zero-sum conditions in the grid point and is functional under nonsinusoidal voltages and currents. IEEE  

Vulnerability of power electronic converters in DC microgrids in case of fault occurrence in DC cables necessitates using a fast fault detection and isolation scheme. In this paper, a modified, fast and selective protection scheme has been presented, which provides the required tripping of low voltage DC (LVDC) microgrids. This protection scheme has been developed based on the natural characteristics of the fault current, in which the first and second derivatives of the fault current have been employed to define thresholds for discriminating between faulted and non-faulted situations. To enhance fault detection capability of the protection scheme, definition of thresholds have been improved... 

We present a nonlinear geometric approach to fault detection and isolation (FDI) in a grid-connected inverter system. Open-switch faults in inverter power transistors together with faults in grid voltages and source current sensors are detected and isolated in the presence of disturbance. The detection process is based on dynamic model of an inverter, including a dc-bus capacitor and an output $RL$ filter. The proposed FDI system does not rely on balanced or zero-sum conditions in the grid point and is functional under nonsinusoidal voltages and currents. © 1993-2012 IEEE