Loading...
Search for:
female
0.012 seconds
Total 266 records
Gender Ratio and Intra-Household Collective Decision Process:Evidence from Iranian Household Labor Supply
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Keshavarz Haddad, Gholamreza (Supervisor)
Abstract
This paper provides and empirical investigation of individual labor supply of Iranian spouses in a collective framework in which gender ratio and plays a central role in the decision process in household. The data set is taken from the socioeconomic characteristics of panel survey over 2001-2004 and ten yearly headcount of Iran. We have conducted the parameters estimation and hypothesis testing by Semykina, A. and Wooldridge, J.M., (2005) generalized procedure of sample selection in panel data model. Our findings explore that females’ labor supply is affected significantly and strongly by the gender ratio, (total number of males over the females in provinces, both in urban and rural areas)....
Woman-Headed Household and Household Welfare An Emprical Study for Iran
,
M.Sc. Thesis
Sharif University of Technology
;
Suri, Davood
(Supervisor)
Abstract
This research aimed to investigate the relationship between household poverty and the gender of the head in the Iranian households. The self-reported gender of the head of household (FHH), underestimates the rate of poverty in female- head households (FHH). The self-reported gender of the head of household considers, conventionally, a family as male-head, even if the man of the family is incapable of making money. In much of these families the wife is the sole income holder even though she is not recognized as the head. In this study, a definition for household headship is introduced, which considers head of household the one who provides more than 50% of household income. Using household’s...
The Hidden Side of Coin: What Self Leadership Strategies Are Applied by Successful Iranian Women Entrepreneurs?
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Alavi, Babak (Supervisor)
Abstract
Women are going to play more important roles in the economy of most countries including Iran. Hence, since the number of entrepreneurs among women is increasing, identifying characteristics and other factors that cause these group to be successful, is a critical issue. Studies show that entrepreneurs, especially women entrepreneurs, face numerous problems in their career. These problems are especially more demanding in societies with unique cultural attributes. Therefore, applying personal and managerial solutions in order to overcome these problems are necessary. On the other hand, researchers believe that one of the most effective and beneficial concepts helping entrepreneurs in their...
Factors Affecting Labor Market Participation Rate of Married Women in Iran
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Rahmati, Mohammad Hossein (Supervisor)
Abstract
Iran has one of the lowest rates of female participation in the labor market among countries. In 2015, for every 100 men over 10 years old, only 21 women’s labor force participation was confirmed. This paper attemps to determine factors which cause low participation rate of women, particularly married ones. For this purpose, using structural estimation method, a dynamic discrete choice model was built, and estimated with means of simulated method of moments (SSM). The results indicated that the most important factor for low participation rate of married woman is children cost. Elimination of this cost would increase participation rate of married women about 30 percantage points
The Study of Eliminating Gender Gap in Iran Labor Market on Participation Rate of Married Urban Women
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Rahmati, Mohammad Hossein (Supervisor) ; Joshaghani, Hossein (Supervisor)
Abstract
The low female labor force participation rate in the Iranian labor market relative to the global average and even to countries that do not differ significantly from the socio-economic characteristics of our country is one of the important questions of the Iranian labor market. In this study, we seek to answer the question of whether the economic participation rate of married women will increase if the gender gaps in wages, job findings and job losses among women and men are eliminated in the Iranian labor market. To answer this question using household expenditure and income data and labor force data, we show that between the two categories of occupations, in terms of the share of women's...
Individual Married Female Labor Supply: An Application of Parametric & Non-Parametric Econometric Analysis
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Keshavarz Haddad, Gholamreza (Supervisor)
Abstract
Iranian female participation rate in the labor market of Iran in the recent decade shows a raising trend which amounted from 8% in 1999 to 18% in 2005. Using Parametric and Non-parametric econometrics Methods, in this research we aim to study the behavior of individual female labor supply. Our dataset consist of the annually budget survey of 2006 which is reported by statistical center of Iran. Our findings from parametric analysis show that the number of less than 6-years old children, non-labor income, husband’s income and geographic area (rural or urban district) are the main determinants of women’s participation in the labor market, and they affect negatively probability of the market...
Child Effect on Female Employment: Evidence from Iran with a Structural Approach
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Keshavarz Haddad, Gholamreza (Supervisor) ; Moeini, Safoura (Supervisor)
Abstract
This research answers two questions: First, what effect does the increase in the number of children have on women's employment? Second, what is the magnitude of the effect of increasing the number of children on the potential employment rate of Iranian women? To address the first question, we use Heckman's reduced form regression along with a structural model of female labor supply. We use the Simulated Method Moments (SMM) to estimate the structural equations. Our data for the empirical analysis are taken from the Iranian Households’ Income and Expenditures Surveys in urban areas over the years 1990 to 2020. We use the estimated model to measure the potential increase in female employment...
Relationship between Fertility and Female Labor Participation in Iran
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Keshavarz Haddad, Gholamreza (Supervisor)
Abstract
Despite the fact that total fertility rate has a drastic decrease from 6.6 in 1980 to 1.8 childeren in 2008 and their education was highly growing in the last two decades, their participation in labor market is stillrelatively low(with maximum rate of 17.5 in 2007). Making use of the Iranian Household Expenditure and Income Survey(HEIS) and yearly labor market surveys (1984-2009), we intend to investigate the interaction between fertility(FER) and female labor participation(FLP) in Iran, for both the population with ages of 10-64 and 18-30. We use simultaneousequations by GMM to estimate the system of equation. Our findings show that the sign of FER’s determinants are as expected, but FLP...
Investigation of cervical spine curvature in females with postural neck pain
, Article Journal of Zanjan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services ; Volume 25, Issue 110 , 2017 , Pages 110-119 ; 16069366 (ISSN) ; Maroufi, N ; Ahmadi, A ; Behtash, H ; Hazhir Sahneh, S ; Parnianpour, M ; Sharif University of Technology
Zanjan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services
2017
Abstract
Background and Objective: Changes in the cervical spine curvature leads to increased shear force and compression stress on cervical spine and axial loading in different cervical segments. The objective of this study was to compare the general and segmental curvature in the upper and lower cervical spine of women with postural neck pain and Forward Head Posture (FHP), women without neck pain but with FHP and healthy women. Material and Methods: 45 women were divided into three groups: 15 women with postural neck pain and FHP, 15 women without neck pain but with FHP and 15 healthy women. Photography was used to assess neck posture while cervical spine curvature was measured using fluoroscopy...
Subject-specific loads on the lumbar spine in detailed finite element models scaled geometrically and kinematic-driven by radiography images
, Article International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering ; Volume 35, Issue 4 , 2019 ; 20407939 (ISSN) ; Arjmand, N ; Shirazi Adl, A ; Sharif University of Technology
Wiley-Blackwell
2019
Abstract
Traditional load-control musculoskeletal and finite element (FE) models of the spine fail to accurately predict in vivo intervertebral joint loads due mainly to the simplifications and assumptions when estimating redundant trunk muscle forces. An alternative powerful protocol that bypasses the calculation of muscle forces is to drive the detailed FE models by image-based in vivo displacements. Development of subject-specific models, however, both involves the risk of extensive radiation exposures while imaging in supine and upright postures and is time consuming in terms of the reconstruction of the vertebrae, discs, ligaments, and facets geometries. This study therefore aimed to introduce a...
Rigid-bar loading on pregnant uterus and development of pregnant abdominal response corridor based on finite element biomechanical model
, Article International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering ; Volume 36, Issue 1 , January , 2020 ; Ahmadian, M. T ; Mohammadi, H ; Sharif University of Technology
Wiley-Blackwell
2020
Abstract
During pregnancy, traumas can threaten maternal and fetal health. Various trauma effects on a pregnant uterus are little investigated. In the present study, a finite element model of a uterus along with a fetus, placenta, amniotic fluid, and two most effective ligament sets is developed. This model allows numerical evaluation of various loading on a pregnant uterus. The model geometry is developed based on CT-scan data and validated using anthropometric data. Applying Ogden hyper-elastic theory, material properties of uterine wall and placenta are developed. After simulating the “rigid-bar” abdominal loading, the impact force and abdominal penetration are investigated. Findings are compared...
Improvement of upper limb motor control and function after competitive and noncompetitive volleyball exercises in chronic stroke survivors: a randomized clinical trial
, Article Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation ; Volume 100, Issue 3 , 2019 , Pages 401-411 ; 00039993 (ISSN) ; Azad, A ; Mehdizadeh, H ; Behzadipour, S ; Fakhar, M ; Taghavi Azar Sharabiani, P ; Parnianpour, M ; Taghizadeh, G ; Khalaf, K ; Sharif University of Technology
W.B. Saunders
2019
Abstract
Objectives: To investigate the effects of competitive and noncompetitive volleyball exercises on the functional performance and motor control of the upper limbs in chronic stroke survivors. Design: Randomized clinical trial. Setting: Outpatient rehabilitation center. Participants: Chronic stroke survivors (N=48). Interventions: Participants were randomly assigned to competitive (n=16) or noncompetitive (n=16) volleyball exercise groups (60min/d volleyball exercise+30min/d traditional rehabilitation, 3d/wk for 7wk) and control group (n=16). Main Outcome Measures: Reach and grasp motor control measures were evaluated through kinematic analysis. Functional outcomes were assessed via Motor...
The effects of a short-term memory task on postural control of stroke patients
, Article Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation ; Volume 22, Issue 5 , 2015 , Pages 335-341 ; 10749357 (ISSN) ; Taghizadeh, G ; Ghomashchi, H ; Parnianpour, M ; Khalaf, K ; Salehi, R ; Esteki, A ; Ebrahimi, I ; Sangelaji, B ; Sharif University of Technology
Taylor and Francis Ltd
2015
Abstract
Background: Many studies have been conducted on the changes in the balance capabilities of stroke patients. However, results regarding the effects of dual-task activities on postural control in these patients have been variable. Objective: To evaluate the effects of a short-term memory task on the sway characteristics of stroke patients. Method: Center of pressure (COP) fluctuations were measured in three levels of postural difficulty (rigid surface with closed and open eyes and foamsurface with closed eyes), aswell as two levels of cognitive difficulty (easy and difficult). COP parameters included mean velocity, standard deviation of velocity in both medial-lateral (M.L) and...
Design, construction, and evaluation of “sensor lock”: an electromechanical stance control knee joint
, Article Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology ; Volume 13, Issue 3 , 2018 , Pages 226-233 ; 17483107 (ISSN) ; Ahmadi Bani, M ; Baniasad, M ; Samadian, M ; Golchin, N ; Sharif University of Technology
Taylor and Francis Ltd
2018
Abstract
Background and aim: Most currently-available stance control knee ankle foot orthoses (SCKAFOs) still need full knee extension to lock the knee joint, and they are still noisy, bulky, and heavy. Therefore, the aim of this study was to design, construct, and evaluate an original electromechanical SCKAFO knee joint that could feasibly solve these problems, and thus address the problems of current stance control knee joints with regards to their structure, function, cosmesis, and cost. Method: Ten able-bodied (AB) participants and two (knee ankle foot orthosis) KAFO users were recruited to participate in the study. A custom SCKAFO with the same set of components was constructed for each...
Design and evaluation of vibratory shoe on balance control for elderly subjects: technical note
, Article Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology ; Volume 13, Issue 2 , 2018 , Pages 173-177 ; 17483107 (ISSN) ; Arazpour, M ; Farahmand, F ; Bahramizadeh, M ; Fadayevatan, R ; Abdollahi, E ; Sharif University of Technology
Taylor and Francis Ltd
2018
Abstract
Background and Aim: Aging often results in a decline in somatosensory function, and such changes are associated with diminished motor performance. Input noise can enhance sensory and motor function through a mechanism known as stochastic resonance (SR). This paper describes the development and testing of a new vibrating shoe to possibly assist the elderly patients in controlling their balance and decreasing their falling risks. Technique: The new vibrating shoe was evaluated to ascertain its ability to generate appropriate random and nonlinear vibrations. The vibratory shoe performance in two young subjects with decreased foot sensation and two elderly subjects in different static and...
Doxorubicin-conjugated D-glucosamine- and folate- bi-functionalised InP/ZnS quantum dots for cancer cells imaging and therapy
, Article Journal of Drug Targeting ; Volume 26, Issue 3 , 2018 , Pages 267-277 ; 1061186X (ISSN) ; Eskandani, M ; Johari Ahar, M ; Nemati, A ; Akbari, H ; Davaran, S ; Omidi, Y ; Sharif University of Technology
Taylor and Francis Ltd
2018
Abstract
Nanoscaled quantum dots (QDs), with unique optical properties have been used for the development of theranostics. Here, InP/ZnS QDs were synthesised and functionalised with folate (QD-FA), D-glucosamine (QD-GA) or both (QD-FA-GA). The bi-functionalised QDs were further conjugated with doxorubicin (QD-FA-GA-DOX). Optimum Indium to fatty acid (In:MA) ratio was 1:3.5. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) micrographs revealed spherical morphology for the QDs (11 nm). Energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) spectrum confirmed the chemical composition of the QDs. MTT analysis in the OVCAR-3 cells treated with bare QDs, QD-FA, QD-GA, QD-FA-GA and QD-FA-GA-DOX (0.2 mg/mL of QDs) after 24 h indicated...
Design and analysis of an original powered foot clearance creator mechanism for walking in patients with spinal cord injury
, Article Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology ; Volume 14, Issue 4 , 2019 , Pages 333-337 ; 17483107 (ISSN) ; Badri, S ; Shayestehepour, H ; Arazpour, M ; Farahmand, F ; Mousavi, M. E ; Abdolahi, E ; Farkhondeh, H ; Head, J. S ; Golchin, N ; Mardani, M. A ; Sharif University of Technology
Taylor and Francis Ltd
2019
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to assess the performance of an original powered foot clearance creator (PFCC) mechanism worn in conjunction with an isocentric reciprocal gait orthosis (IRGO) and evaluate its effect on trunk compensatory movements and spatiotemporal parameters in nine healthy subjects. Method: A PFCC motorized mechanism was designed that incorporated twin sole plates, the movements of which enabled increased toe to floor clearance during swing phase. A prototype was constructed in combination with an IRGO, and hence was re-named as an IRGO-PFCC orthosis. The effects of IRGO-PFCC usage on the spatiotemporal parameters and trunk compensatory movements during walking were...
Identifying brain functional connectivity alterations during different stages of Alzheimer’s disease
, Article International Journal of Neuroscience ; Volume 132, Issue 10 , 2022 , Pages 1005-1013 ; 00207454 (ISSN) ; Fatemizadeh, E ; Motie Nasrabadi, A ; Sharif University of Technology
Taylor and Francis Ltd
2022
Abstract
Purpose: Alzheimer's disease (AD) starts years before its signs and symptoms including the dementia become apparent. Diagnosis of the AD in the early stages is important to reduce the speed of brain decline. Aim of the study: Identifying the alterations in the functional connectivity of the brain during the disease stages is among the main important issues in this regard. Therefore, in this study, the changes in the functional connectivity during the AD stages were analyzed. Materials and methods: By employing the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data and graph theory, weighted undirected graphs of the whole-brain and default mode network (DMN) network were investigated...
Pulsatile blood flow in total cavopulmonary connection: a comparison between Y-shaped and T-shaped geometry
, Article Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing ; Volume 55, Issue 2 , 2017 , Pages 213-224 ; 01400118 (ISSN) ; Firoozabadi, B ; Saidi, M. S ; Monjezi, M ; Navabi Shirazi, M. A ; Malakan Rad, E ; Sharif University of Technology
Springer Verlag
2017
Abstract
Single-ventricle anomaly is a hereditary heart disease that is characterized by anatomical malformations. The main consequence of this malformation is desaturated blood flow, which without proper treatment increases the risk of death. The classical treatment is based on a three-stage palliative procedure which should begin from the first few days of patient’s life. The final stage is known as Fontan procedure, in which inferior vena cava is directly connected to pulmonary arteries without going through the ventricle. This connection is called total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC). After surgery, the single ventricle supplies adequate and saturated systemic blood flow to the body; however,...
Effects of cognitive load on the amount and temporal structure of postural sway variability in stroke survivors
, Article Experimental Brain Research ; Volume 236, Issue 1 , 2018 , Pages 285-296 ; 00144819 (ISSN) ; Khalaf, K ; Ghomashchi, H ; Taghizadeh, G ; Ebrahimi, I ; Taghavi Azar Sharabiani, P ; Mousavi, S. J ; Parnianpour, M ; Sharif University of Technology
Springer Verlag
2018
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the variability in postural sway patterns during quiet standing in stroke survivors. The postural sway was measured in 19 stroke survivors, as well as 19 healthy demographically matched participants, at 3 levels of postural difficulty (rigid surface with closed and open eyes, and foam surface with closed eyes), and 3 levels of cognitive difficulty (without a cognitive task, easy and difficult cognitive tasks). Both linear analyses (the amount of postural sway variability, including the standard deviation of the COP velocity in both the anteroposterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) directions), as well as non-linear analyses [the temporal structure of the COP...