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Evaluation of the Endpoint Damage of Climate Change Due to Power Plant Emissions on the Human Health Using Life Cycle Analysis
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Avami, Akram (Supervisor)
Abstract
Preserving and promoting the health of citizens in a society is one of the most important problems addressed in any country. The power sector discharges a huge volume of carbon dioxide which intensifies the climate change and consequent human health problems.The goal of this study is to evaluate the ultimate effect of climate change caused by power plant emissions on the human health using life cycle analysis approach for different provinces in Iran. An integrated model has been developed to evaluate the impact of climate change due to power plant emissions on the human health. This model includes the equations regarding the variations in carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere,...
Design and Optimization of Carbon Capture System from Exhaust Gases in the Process Industries
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Rashtchian, Davood (Supervisor) ; Seif, Shayan (Co-Supervisor)
Abstract
Carbon dioxide is one of the main geenhouse gases emitted from factories as well as transportation vehicles that adversely affect the atmosphere and cause global warming. Among the proposed solutions to reduce carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, carbon dioxide separation would be the most viable medium-term approach. However, the high cost of carbon dioxide separation prevents the development of carbon dioxide absorption technologies. Therefore, it seems that integrating separation and production processes is the most efficient way to save energy and reduce carbon emissions. This method decrease a high proportion of the energy consumption in upstream operations (carbon dioxide removal,...
Experimental Study of Common Refrigerants Replacement with Hydrocarbon Mixture in Automotive Air Conditioning System
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Soltanieh, Mohammad (Supervisor)
Abstract
Due to the environmental concern for the harmful effect of the release of HFCs on global warming there has been more interest for the use of hydrocarbons as refrigerants in recent years. In this project the performance of these refrigerants have been studied and compared with common refrigerants from the quantitative and qualitative point of view using a real-scale model of Peugeot-405 air conditioning system. Charging amount, inside temperature, cooling load, energy consumption of cycle, coefficient of performance and required time to steady state condition are the important comparative criteria for such a study. After carrying out a series of tests it has been considered that charge...
Process Design of Ionic Liquid-Based CO2 Capture with Consideration of Economic and Environmental Issues
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Rashtchian, Davood (Supervisor) ; Adibi, Mina (Co-Supervisor)
Abstract
Concerns have increased about global warming caused by CO2 emissions in the atmosphere. At the moment, carbon capture and storage is the best available solution. Among the current technologies for CCS, amine-based chemical absorption appears to be the most common method. Amines show several inherent drawbacks such as high vapor pressure, high energy consumption in regeneration, corrosivity and degradability. So, researchers have developed new solvents with the foresight of being superior to amines. Ionic liquids (ILs) are among the most suitable alternatives. The most prominent feature of ILs is their tunable thermophysical properties. In this work, physical absorption by ILs is chosen as...
Predicting the environmental economic dispatch problem for reducing waste nonrenewable materials via an innovative constraint multi-objective Chimp Optimization Algorithm
, Article Journal of Cleaner Production ; Volume 365 , 2022 ; 09596526 (ISSN) ; Ren, H ; Habibi, M ; Mohammed, K. J ; Khadimallah, M. A ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier Ltd
2022
Abstract
The usage of conventional fossil fuels has aided fast economic growth while also having negative consequences, such as increased global warming and the destruction of the ecosystem. This paper proposes a novel swarm-based metaheuristic method called Chimp Optimization Algorithm (ChOA) to tackle the environmental, economic dispatch issue and reducing the waste nonrenewable materials. In this regard, two objective functions named fuel cost function and emission cost function are proposed. Unique constrained handling also solves the challenge of multi-objective optimization. Standard IEEE 30 bus with six generators and a 10-unit system are used to demonstrate the usefulness of ChOA. The result...
A Novel, eco-friendly combined solar cooling and heating system, powered by hybrid Photovoltaic thermal (PVT) collector for domestic application
, Article Energy Conversion and Management ; Volume 222 , 2020 ; Liravi, M ; Babaie Rabiee, M ; Ghodrat, M ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier Ltd
2020
Abstract
Solar heating and cooling technologies can have a vital role to play in understanding the targets in energy security, economic development, and mitigating climate change. This study aimed to investigate the performance of the combined solar cooling/heating system using a Photovoltaic Thermal collector (PVT) for residential applications. The main advantage of using PVT is the conversion of the maximum amount of solar energy into electricity and thermal energy. In this work, water is used to cool the panel and, consequently, increase the efficiency. The cooling cycle comprises a hybrid ejector-compression refrigeration cycle with two evaporator temperatures. To reduce the effect of the global...
CO2 storage in carbonate rocks: An experimental and geochemical modeling study
, Article Journal of Geochemical Exploration ; Volume 234 , 2022 ; 03756742 (ISSN) ; Zhao, Y ; An, Z ; Shabani, A ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier B.V
2022
Abstract
Carbon dioxide storage in geological formations is one of the mature strategies developed for controlling global warming. This paper represents a comprehensive experimental and geochemical modeling study to analyze CO2-brine-rock interactions in a carbonate rock containing calcite and dolomite minerals. PHREEQC geochemical package has been applied for modeling the geochemical reactions in the studied porous media. Firstly, dynamic experiments are performed to calibrate the geochemical model. Then, static experiments are conducted to study the geochemical reactions in the CO2-brine-rock interaction system. This study contributes to analyzing the precipitation-dissolution and ion exchange...
Solar energy systems – Potential of nanofluids
, Article Journal of Molecular Liquids ; Volume 289 , 2019 ; 01677322 (ISSN) ; Hassan, A ; Qasim, M. A ; Ali, H. M ; Babar, H ; Sajid, M. U ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier B.V
2019
Abstract
Global warming escalation has extended average temperature of earth beyond its safe limit. To avert this environmental-threat, solar energy has acquired substantial attention of remarkable researchers in this century. To effectively utilize solar energy by transforming into thermal and electrical energy, the involvement of nanofluids having intensified thermal, optical and magnetic properties, has become very popular. The foremost objective of this article is to provide a comprehensive review on the applications of nanofluids in solar energy systems like solar collectors, photovoltaic cells, solar stills, and thermal energy storage, which are thoroughly discussed in this paper. The effect of...
Dual catalytic function of the task-specific ionic liquid: Green oxidation of cyclohexene to adipic acid using 30% H2O2
, Article Chemical Engineering Journal ; Volume 221 , April , 2013 , Pages 254-257 ; 13858947 (ISSN) ; Hashemi, M. M ; Sharif University of Technology
2013
Abstract
The sole industrial process which currently used for adipic acid production is nitric acid oxidation of either cyclohexanol or cyclohexanol/cyclohexanone mixture. Emission of greenhouse nitrous oxide (N2O) gas from this process strongly contributes to global warming, resulting in acid rain and ozone depletion. Herein, we report a catalytic application of a novel dual task-specific ionic liquid (an ionic liquid with two catalytic functions) for oxidation of cyclohexene to adipic acid using 30% hydrogen peroxide. The catalyst showed desirable activity toward oxidation of cyclohexene and some cyclic olefins to produce their corresponding dicarboxylic acids
A review of global gas flaring and venting and impact on the environment: Case study of Iran
, Article International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control ; Volume 49 , 2016 , Pages 488-509 ; 17505836 (ISSN) ; Zohrabian, A ; Gholipour, M. J ; Kalnay, E ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier Ltd
Abstract
After a brief review of the global gas flaring and venting in oil industries including the emission of air pollutants and greenhouse gases and the amount of energy resources wasted, the focus is on Iran as a major oil producing and the world's third largest gas flaring country. Gas flaring is also practiced in natural gas industries, petroleum refining and petrochemical plants, although the level of emission is very low compared with emissions from oil production. The historical emission of these gases globally and Iran specifically, geographic location of emission sources, composition of gases, environmental impacts of gas flaring and the current and future projects to mitigate emissions...
Feasibility study of carbon dioxide capture from power plants and other major stationary sources and storage in Iranian oil fields for enhanced oil recovery (EOR)
, Article 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies, GHGT-9, Washington DC, 16 November 2008 through 20 November 2008 ; Volume 1, Issue 1 , 2009 , Pages 3663-3668 ; 18766102 (ISSN) ; Eslami, A. M ; Moradian, A ; US Department of Energy ; Sharif University of Technology
2009
Abstract
Iran, with a record of over one century of oil production, is currently one of the major oil producing countries of the world. Several of the old fields have been depleted to an uneconomical level of production which requires significant amount of natural gas for re-injection so that currently over 100 million cubic meters of natural gas is reinjected daily to maintain or enhance oil production to an economical level. It is estimated that in order to maintain oil production, over 200 million cubic meters of natural gas will be needed daily by 2015. However, due to the increased level of domestic and export demands for natural gas, EOR with natural gas is prohibitive and therefore portions of...
Multi objective planning for sustainable retrofit of educational buildings
, Article Journal of Building Engineering ; Volume 24 , 2019 ; 23527102 (ISSN) ; Aramoun, F ; Bararzadeh, M ; Avami, A ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier Ltd
2019
Abstract
The sustainable retrofit options may significantly improve the energy consumption and the environmental impacts of the existing buildings. This paper presents a multi objective optimization framework to reach the minimum economic costs and Global Warming Potential (GWP) impact of existing buildings. New energy-efficient technologies for the supply side of the energy system are considered which may minimize life cycle environmental impacts of buildings. Two educational buildings in the campus of Sharif University of Technology are studied. The results show that utilizing reciprocating engine and exhaust-fired absorption chiller reduce the GWP to 133 tons (17.79% of reduction) and 190 tones...
Quantification of technological progress in greenhouse gas (GHG) capture and mitigation using patent data
, Article Energy and Environmental Science ; Volume 12, Issue 9 , 2019 , Pages 2789-2805 ; 17545692 (ISSN) ; Triulzi, G ; Magee, C. L ; Sharif University of Technology
Royal Society of Chemistry
2019
Abstract
Greenhouse gas emissions from anthropogenic sources are believed to be the main cause of global warming and climate change. Furthermore, fossil fuels are forecasted to remain the dominant source of energy in the near future. Therefore, capture and sequestration of greenhouse gases and in particular carbon dioxide is likely to be a major pathway toward environmental protection and energy sustainability. Such clarity has stimulated an intense and diverse range of research into various capture and mitigation technologies, which race with global warming in real-time. Quantification of the performance improvement rates of these technologies can inform decision-makers' long-term investment...
Investigation of oil recovery and CO2 storage during secondary and tertiary injection of carbonated water in an Iranian carbonate oil reservoir
, Article Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering ; Volume 137 , 2016 , Pages 134-143 ; 09204105 (ISSN) ; Ayatollahi, S ; Riazi, M ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier
Abstract
Gas injection process for more oil recovery and in particular CO2 injection is well-established method to increment oil recovery from underground oil reservoirs. CO2 sequestration which takes place during this enhanced oil recovery (EOR) method has positive impact on reducing the greenhouse gas emission which causes global warming. Direct gas injection into depleted oil reservoirs, encounters several shortcomings such as low volumetric sweep efficiency, early breakthrough (BT) and high risk of gas leakage in naturally fractured carbonate oil reservoirs. Carbonated water injection (CWI) has been recently proposed as an alternative method to alleviate the problems associated with gas...
Hydrogen distribution in refinery with non-linear programming
, Article International Journal of Engineering, Transactions B: Applications ; Volume 18, Issue 2 , 2005 , Pages 165-176 ; 1728-144X (ISSN) ; Kashi, E ; Rashtchian, D ; Sharif University of Technology
Materials and Energy Research Center
2005
Abstract
Growth of the world population, increasing demand for fossil fuel consumption and consequently increasing threat of global warming, has extended the need for production and use of clean fuels and normal hydrogen is an important utility in the production of clean fuels. In this paper, a mathematical optimization method is applied which is based on non-linear programming of superstructure for minimizing the consumption of hydrogen. The method considers all the pressure constraints and is suited for revamping industrial systems. The optimum placement of new equipments like purification unit has been also considered. It is tried to verify the method adopted, in addition, an industrial case study...
A review on the water-energy nexus for drinking water production from humid air
, Article Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews ; Volume 120 , 2020 ; Ghannadi Maragheh, M ; Torab Mostaedi, M ; Torkaman, R ; Asadollahzadeh, M ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier Ltd
2020
Abstract
The Supply of sustainable freshwater has turned into a fundamental problem in numerous countries. The increment in population, the industrialization of the world, and variation in global warming temperatures lead to an increase in droughts, storms, and floods around the world. Therefore, the problems of water scarcity appear worldwide. Contrary to popular belief, the largest reserves of water are available in the air. Accordingly, several technologies have been developed for the production of drinking water from humid air in the research works. But, the critical problem is the high energy consumption in this equipment. Therefore, the issues of water-energy nexus are the particular subject in...
Institutional analysis on impediments over fuel consumption reduction at Iran's transportation niches
, Article Energy Policy ; Volume 129 , 2019 , Pages 861-867 ; 03014215 (ISSN) ; Maleki, A ; Doroudgar Hezaveh, E ; Karimi, M. S ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier Ltd
2019
Abstract
The transportation sector is one of the sustainable development wheels that requires a lot of energy to operate, therefore it is concerned as one of the main factors in greenhouse gas emissions and global warming. In Iran, like rest of the world, the light-duty vehicles are the effective factors in the pollution of the metropolitan cities. Although the management of their fuel consumption is a vital action in decreasing the cost and air pollution, that's inextricable link with the public welfare and the economy of the car manufacturers creates barriers. An accurate analysis concerning the barriers to reducing the fuel consumption can be obtained by using the game theory method in the...
Consumption criteria and energy labeling of wet cooling towers in Iran
, Article 2009 ASME Power Conference, 21 July 2009 through 23 July 2009 ; 2009 , Pages 153-157 ; 9780791843505 (ISBN) ; Sayyadi, P ; Saidi, M. H ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
Increasing concerns about global warming and environmental pollution control has pushed the relevant organizations to set regulations and to develop programs for energy saving. In addition, for many high energy using appliances, energy labeling provides the end user with important data to select energy-efficient equipments and encourage the manufacturers to enhance the performance of their productions. In this research, a new energy-saving program for wet cooling towers has been developed. Considering a thermo-hydraulic analysis, a novel Energy Index (IE) has been extracted which takes all aspects of the problem into account. The present index can be used as a proper criterion for energy...
Energy consumption criteria and labeling program of wet cooling towers in Iran
, Article Energy and Buildings ; Volume 43, Issue 10 , October , 2011 , Pages 2712-2717 ; 03787788 (ISSN) ; Sajadi, B ; Sayyadi, P ; Sharif University of Technology
2011
Abstract
Increasing concerns about the lack of energy resources, global warming and environmental pollution have pushed the relevant organizations to develop energy saving strategies such as energy labeling programs. In this research, a new energy labeling program is developed and evaluated for the wet cooling towers in Iran. The cooling tower parameters, including its cooling capacity and the fan power consumption, are measured using an experimental setup. The experimental data are standardized to compensate the effect of the ambient wet bulb temperature on the cooling tower performance which cannot be controlled during the experiments. The results show that the cooling tower capacity and the fan...
Analysis and interaction of exergy, environmental and economic in multi-objective optimization of BTX process based on evolutionary algorithm
, Article Energy ; Volume 59 , 2013 , Pages 147-156 ; 03605442 (ISSN) ; Farhadi, F ; Boozarjomehry, R. B ; Sharif University of Technology
2013
Abstract
In this paper sustainability analysis (exergy, environmental and economic) and multi-objective optimization for an aromatic plant are provided and interactions between decision variables are discussed. Environmental evaluation shows that the cancer human toxicity and global warming are the most important environmental concerns and the weight of EIs (environmental impacts) are mainly due to process wastes. The optimizations results demonstrate parameters like reactor temperature have a wide range in the optimizations while some variables, such as extraction unit variables have the same value. Utility EI reduction occurred in economic and exergy optimizations rather than environmental...