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    Harmful algal blooms (red tide): a review of causes, impacts and approaches to monitoring and prediction

    , Article International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology ; Volume 16, Issue 3 , 2019 , Pages 1789-1806 ; 17351472 (ISSN) Zohdi, E ; Abbaspour, M ; Sharif University of Technology
    Center for Environmental and Energy Research and Studies  2019
    Abstract
    Red tide, an impermanent natural phenomenon including harmful algal blooms, causes changing the color of the sea generally to red or almost brown, and has a serious impact on environment along the coast and aquatic ecosystem. Due to recent extensive steady harmful algal blooms events that cause adverse impacts on human healthsome, aquaculture and tourism industry, and the entire economy of the coastal region, the need of society for realizing these phenomena is much greater than the past. In the recent decades, consideration of algal blooms and determination of bloom-former species and fundamental researches about dynamics of blooms are increased worldwide. Development in technology has...