Sharif Digital Repository

A basic highway design problem is to find the most economical alignment connecting two given end points based on topography, soil conditions, socioeconomic factors and environmental impacts, while satisfying a set of design and operational constraints. The cost function complexity and numerous limitations such as highway design criteria have made this problem a NP-hard one. In this study, a swarm based searching algorithm has been applied to a three dimensional highway alignment optimization model. The spatial data has been exploited from a GIS databases using a heuristic swift approach. In addition, the majority of cost items that depend on highway design have been extended in a practical... 

In healthcare field to reduce costs, high availability, increasing reliability, access to data from multiple locations and manage distributed information between centers, doctors and patients; there is a certain need to a distributed system and cloud services are a good option to meet that need. In this thesis different models of service delivery in the healthcare were studied which included traditional and cloud models. Also from the survey, the metrics which we used to compare these models were extracted. These metrics include quantitative metrics such as cost, setup time, availability, multi-regional, elasticity, efficiency and qualitative metrics including integrity, privacy,... 

One of the most important matters beside the shortage and requirement of water in big cities is how to dispose of wastewater. Also concerns with the continued use of centralized facilities include the capacity limitation, increased population growth, sustainable use of water, water shortages due to changes in global cycles and homeland security and disaster mitigation. Therefore the use of decentralized and satellite treatment systems is essential for big cities such as Tehran. One important matter pertaining to this issue is site selection of decentralized wastewater treatment plant. Multicriteria decision making is one of the methods that is used for site selection. By multicriteria... 

Under current competition situation of marketplace, customers’ needs force organizations to make effective decisions about their productions or services. Organizations have to present good products in suitable time and place than their competitors. Indeed customers’ needs effect on making decision about product, service, system or process designs. Problem definition is the most important step in design process. It is possible that, different designers make different designs to satisfy similar requirements because of subjective nature of problem definition. It may results countless design solutions and the best design must be selected among them with considering many criteria. There are many... 

Groundwater beneath the cities is becoming an important and valuable resource. Conjunctive use of surface and groundwater is likely to become increasingly more common as urban population grows by time. Therefore, one important requirement for urban water management planning is forecasting the groundwater level fluctuations. Unfortunately less experience and information is available to evaluate the fluctuations of groundwater level in urban environment compare to the natural systems, also different processes (sources) are involved in an urban water cycle, which all together make it more complicated to study. Similar to many other megacities, there is a serious lack of hydrogeological and... 

Nowadays because of population growth and limitation of fossil fuels for power generation purpose, utilization of renewable energy sources has become highlighted. According to the geographical situation for use of wind energy, since some areas of Iran are in suitable conditions the manufacture of wind turbines and installation in wind farms has been under development recently. Monitoring the performance and operation of turbines and wind farms is an inevitable matter. Because of the suitable geographical location of Iran and pursuant to fair wind potential sites widespread this country, this phenomenon requires some backgrounds in many aspects to be achieved. One of the most important... 

One of the important tools that we frequently use in life is the map. In every day movements we can use the maps in order to navigate and find our way. We also utilize the maps to find out more about our surrounding world. GIS is the key technology which can help us reach these goals. In GIS generally there are 2 methods for representing geographic data, these methods are Raster and Vector data representation. In this thesis our purpose is to find another way for representing GIS data by using vector format. In this new representation we can access to information which are not accessible in regular maps. So we generate a new flexible platform for GIS data. Thus in order to represent new... 

Sustainable agricultural development in the country without regard to water supply problems in terms of time and place is not possible. Construction of water storage tanks filled with water and seasonal use in dry seasons in the effective action in the optimal use of water in the climate of (low and irregular rainfall) is. The most important step in the construction of water storage tanks to choose the best point for the construction of the reservoir basin in order to reduce costs and increase efficiency. Chndmyarh different methods to decide the best option for finding a few options from there. Among these methods can be Tapsys two methods (TOPSIS) and hierarchical analysis (AHP) pointed... 

Groundwater resources in arid and semi-arid regions, which the most parts of them have not had enough surface water, is of great importance. Due to the paramount importance of these vital resources, many scholars have conducted various studies on groundwater contamination and, especially, on nitrate as the best indicator of groundwater contamination because of its ability to transport, its low absorption, and its durability in water. In this study, using qualitative methods, groundwater contamination of Mashhad aquifer was evaluated, and then in order to obtain better adjustment with urban areas, these methods were modified which resulted in better correlation with measured nitrat. Based on... 

Optimum railroad alignment, which can be categorized into continuous problems, has been a conundrum for engineers because of two reasons: At the first, there is a wide variety of information that is necessary for finding optimum one. Secondly, the major costs of a railway, such as length-dependent, traffic-dependent, volume-dependent and location-dependent are affected by the numerous factors so that, it may be difficult to formulate them. In order to solve large scale continuous optimization problems, there are two approaches: firstly, such problems may be tackled with a combinatorial optimization algorithm, e.g. ant colony optimization (ACO), by the continuous range of allowed values are... 

Due to large range searches (there are various alignments between two points) as well as the complex and non-linear cost functions and a variety of geometric constraints, the problem of optimal railway alignment is known as a difficult problem. For this reason, choosing an alignment between two points is usually done based on a limited number of alignments put forward by experts. In recent years, the study of the railway alignment optimization raised again due to the importance of optimization and introduction of various algorithms and their progress in solving various problems. It is expected that applying metaheuristic optimization algorithms, such as methods based on Swarm intelligence... 

In this thesis the hourly concentration of different gaseous air pollutants in Tehran is modeled using Land Use Regression (LUR) and Artificial Neural Network, separately. Both models are provided with the same set of input data; the first step is to find these data. Since traffic affects air pollution, information about traffic conditions is one of the main inputs in air pollution modeling. Therefore, to obtain traffic information, in this thesis, first a novel method is developed to extract and analyze Google Maps traffic data. In this method, image processing is used along with the Geographic Information System (GIS) to count the number of pixels of different traffic colors for each road... 

The concept of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) has been the center of attraction for manufacturing firms. So many of these firms have dedicated their efforts in implementing this concept. The high competition among these firms leads to use ERP very seriously. Implementation of ERP concepts has major efforts of daily activities of these firms and it can be stated that : "Without use of the ERP concepts manufacturing firms cannot survive" Hospital activities are not very different from manufacturing activities in nature. Despite of this similarity, very limited efforts have been dedicated to implement ERP concepts in the hospital. The goal of this thesis is to design a conceptual model for... 

To reduce construction costs selecting the optimal route for water conveyance line entails ample observation and considering all effective parameters. Some part of Aidoghmoush dam project of water conveyance line located in Azerbijan the east has been investigated in this research. First, by investigating, effective factors in determining the optimal route have been identified and then categorized into two groups of quantitative criteria(technical-economical) and qualitative criteria(environmental). Quantitative objectives include: slope, transportation system, infrastructures, fault and soil type. Qualitative objectives include: environmental considerations, land use and land cover. Because... 

The unprecedented growth of information and communication technologies has an enormous impact on the productivity of organizations and influences all aspects of organizational operations. However, the absence of research which is required to guiding information systems development through process view and from developing companies' perspective, is evident. Moreover, due to the time interval between the development of an information system in a wide range of customer organizations and due to the intangibility of the information system, it is hardly possible to understand the success of development process. On the other hand, in most information systems development companies, the process of... 

The purpose of this thesis is to develop an e-Business B2B system for a company. We review e-Business concepts, its requirements as well as the obstacles to implement it. Then, the various kinds of e-Business, their advantages and disadvantages are discussed. We study the outcome of e-Business system implemented in two Iranian companies. Then, we design an information system for one company. Indeed, this system presents the process of purchasing and sale representing the transactions between the company and its sale representatives. This information system is designed within Microsoft Access environment. This system can make this company capable of entering international markets by... 

In addition to investigating the overall situation of healthcare information systems (HIS) in Iranian hospitals, in this thesis the goal is to determine the key elements of success and failure in the implementation of HIS. With the advent of the computer systems in Iran and due to the successful and unsuccessful experiences of organizations, the necessity of detecting the influential elements in this field is perceived even more than before. Another importance of this research is because of the essential role of the cultural and social factors in the success of these systems; this claim can be justified by observing different results founded by researchers from different countries. In this... 

The growing requirements for renewable energy production lead to the development of a new series of systems, including wave and tidal energy conversion systems. Due to their sensitivity and the impact of the aggressive marine environment, the selection of the most adequate location for these systems is a major and very important task. Several factors, such as technological limitations, environmental conditions, administrative and logistic conditions, have to be taken into account in order to support the decision for best location. The aim of the present study is to provide an Atlas of IRAN Offshore Renewable Energy Resources (hereafter called ‘the Atlas’) to map out wave and tidal resources... 

Estimation of runoff in the ungauged basins is a challenge for hydrologists. The main objective of this research is to produce runoff coefficient map using SCS-CN (1972) and Kennessey (1930) as empirical models to for Urmia Lake basin between for 2006-2011.Both SCS-CN and Kennessey methods use slope, land use, and soil permeability data to estimate surface runoff. Accuracy of each model is tested along with the observed runoff using the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE).Urmia Lake basin includes about 400,000 hectares irrigated land, which constitutes around 10 percent of the entire basin area. To exclude the anthropological activities from the estimations, methods were applied only for 28... 

Location observations from Global Positioning System (GPS) loggers are an important source of data for travel behavior researchers. Using GPS, requires a receiver, a digital map and a software that matches the user logged positions to the map. Identifying the location of the GPS data points on a coded map of the transportation network is not a trivial process. There is always an error in calculating the coordinates obtained from the GPS satellites, and also the available maps are not accurate enough. As a result, map-matching always carries some errors. Thus, different algorithms to do this mapping more precisely are presented. The output of the map-matching process is the identification of...