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Hydrogen Development Strategies for the Future of Iran's Energy Systems
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Maleki, Abbas (Supervisor)
Abstract
Many pieces of evidence of climate change show that humanity should be concerned about the future of its life and the planet. The concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has reached its highest level. Therefore, in recent years, the reduction of publications and climate issues has been on the agenda of governments. For this reason, governments and various international organizations are looking for a way to change and reform the global energy system. Forecasts indicate a decrease in the share of fossil fuels and an increase in the percentage of renewable energies and hydrogen. Hydrogen has been introduced as the future fuel carrier due to its many advantages such as the...
Evaluation of Location and Optimization of Capacity of On-grid Photovoltaic Power Plant Regarding Power Systems Static Security
,
M.Sc. Thesis
Sharif University of Technology
;
Maleki, Abbas
(Supervisor)
;
Parniani, Mostafa
(Supervisor)
Abstract
Static security of the power grid means the ability of the power system to withstand against unwanted events, in such a way that it remains in its safe state and operates within the acceptable range of its operation. Considering the importance of renewable energies and the increasing need for the presence of renewable sources of electrical energy production, this research investigates the location and the optimal capacity of grid-connected photovoltaic(PV) power plants as the most important renewable source of electric energy production, with emphasis on preserving static security of the System. PV power plants are considered to have a high penetration rate in the network, and the static...
Synergy of Energy Transition of Iran and China Under 25-year Cooperation Agreement
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Maleki, Abbas (Supervisor)
Abstract
The Iran-China 25-year Cooperation Program on the further economic development particularly energy area signed on 27 March 2021 by Iran, which suffered from many years of political and economic isolation and China, the second global economy. Energy transition is an essential issue in both country's energy systems which calls for a medium energy carrier that will be the natural gas. China is seeking for new natural gas resources in order to achieve its ambitious net-zero goals and Iran has targeted 50% reduction in its energy intensity. The necessity of supplying the natural gas for Pakistan and China through the CPEC (China-Pakistan Economic Corridor) by Iran is an important criterion in the...
Qualitative Comparative Analysis of Policies for Fuel Subsidies Reforming in Selected Countries: Recommendations for Iran
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Maleki, Abbas (Supervisor)
Abstract
Energy subsidies are one of the most challenging issues for many countries in the world, specially oil and gas exporting countries. Iran is one of the countries that has lost more than ten percent of its GDP due to energy subsidies in recent years. In this thesis, we are going to analyze experiences of different countries and try to provide policy makers with generalizations about this problem so they can implement reform policies more successfully. We have used Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) methodology. This method can provide modest generalizations by using systematic cross-case comparison between a small number of cases. Details of this method and reasons behind choosing it are...
Analysis of the Effect of Economic Variables on Effectiveness of Mobile Sources Air Pollutants Emission Control Policies: in the Case of Tehran
, Ph.D. Dissertation Sharif University of Technology ; Maleki, Abbas (Supervisor) ; Hosseini, Vahid (Co-Supervisor)
Abstract
Passenger cars (PCs) are of particular importance among mobile air pollutants emissions sources due to their population and significant share in air pollutants emissions and gasoline consumption. Moreover, ownership and use intensity of PCs are affected by socio-economic situation. The present study projects the future trends of air pollutants emissions and fuel consumption from PCs in Tehran by 1415 and assesses the effect of economic situation on the emission trends and effectiveness of emission reduction polices. Accordingly, the present study develops an interdisciplinary modeling framework, which combines econometric models with a bottom-up emission estimation model to simulate the...
Cost-Benefit Analysis of Greenhouse Gases Emissions Reduction in Iran’s Power Sector for Implementing the Intended Nationally Determined Contribution Under the Paris Agreement
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Maleki, Abbas (Supervisor)
Abstract
The Cost/Benefit Analysis (CBA) is considered to be among the chief and most widely used analytical tools in the realm of public policy and particularly environmental and climatic planning. The National Strategic Plan on Climate Change—a.k.a., Intended Nationally Determined Contribution (INDC) of Iran—under the Paris Agreement (PA) accommodates sets of measures to be undertaken in various sectors of the country, including energy and specifically the power generation sub-sector, so as to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs). This study begins with a regression analysis of historical data to identify current trends of fossil fuels consumption, wherefrom the emission level of relevant...
Forecasting Residential Natural Gas Consumption in Tehran Using Machine Learning Methods
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Maleki, Abbas (Supervisor)
Abstract
According to increasing energy demand in Iran and the world, the role of natural gas as a relatively clean and cost-effective source has received more attention. Given the high share of the residential sector in the country's natural gas consumption, providing a model for forecasting the demand of this sector is of great importance for policy makers and decision makers in this field. In the present study, we employ three popular methods of machine learning, support vector regression, artificial neural network and decision tree to predict the consumption of natural gas in the residential sector in Tehran according to meteorological parameters (including temperature, precipitation and wind...
Effect of Reforming Energy Subsidies on Economy of Iranian Industry Sector and Carbon Dioxide Emissions at 2025 Time Horizon
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Maleki, Abbas (Supervisor)
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to analyze the economic, welfare, and environmental effects of the policy of reforming energy subsidies in the industrial sector. The policy of reforming energy subsidies has been examined in the form of 6 scenarios based on the elimination of the current system of payment and redistribution of income among households and producers in certain proportions using a computable general equilibrium model. In the static model, economic variables include variables of production, price and net exports at the industry level and GDP variables, consumer price index, household consumption, government spending, investment, total imports and exports, prices and employment of...
The Role of Regulation, Its Optimal Model in the Field of Pricing, Food Policies, and Petroleum Products in Iran
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Maleki, Abbas (Supervisor)
Abstract
Undoubtedly, energy is one of the most important components of progress in any country. Despite some existing imagery about the future of human access to new and non-renewable energy sources, it is now safe to say that energy is a limited resource that is becoming increasingly difficult to access over time. Utilizing the experiences of developed countries in the field of optimal management and advancing strategic goals in the field of energy is one of the necessities of the country today. In this dissertation, using the meta-combined method, the experiences of the United States of America, China, Saudi Arabia, Norway, Singapore and India as countries that each have one of the advantages in...
Iran-India Energy Relations: Designing a Framework for Cooperation between the Two Countries to Maximize Iran's Gas Export to India
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Maleki, Abbas (Supervisor)
Abstract
Iran has the second largest natural gas resources in the world and these rich resources provide Iran with good potential for exporting natural gas but so far this potential has not been used well. In contrast, India is a major importer of these energy carriers due to high energy consumption and low level of energy production, especially oil and natural gas production, and continues to increase its imports so that its natural gas imports in 2018 equals 30 billion cubic meters, the IEA expects to reach 85 billion cubic meters by 2040. So the two countries can complement each other in the field of natural gas, such as crude oil and have close relations.In this study, using AHP, Iran's gas...
Optimal Electricity Energy Supply and Demand System for Iran to Meet Emissions Pledge Under the Paris Climate Accord
, Ph.D. Dissertation Sharif University of Technology ; Maleki, Abbas (Supervisor)
Abstract
In this thesis, an optimum structure of electricity supply system will be presented that consumer and producer interests are provided in order to reducing greenhouse emissions in achieving targets Paris Accord. So, at first, subsidy of fossil and renewable power plants were determined with considering Iran’s energy rules and applying variables such as efficiency, FOB price of oil and natural gas, inflation rate, energy conversion price and FIT in renewable power plants. At second, electricity price will be estimated by System Dynamics (SD) method and Pay as bid pricing mechanism in energy market on years between at 2018 to 2030 (time period of Paris Accord). Based on the subsidy of fossil...
Interactive Consequences between Oil Markets and Behavior of Sanctioner and Sanctioned Countries: Case of Iran
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Maleki, Abbas (Supervisor)
Abstract
Sanctions are one of the most important variables influencing Iran's domestic and international decision-making and have had many effects on Iran's economy and politics in recent years. Iran's ability to influence the oil market and harm the interests of the sanctioning countries in this market raises the question of whether such a capability could affect the outcome of sanctions and lead to the withdrawal of those sanctioning countries. A theoretical examination of the issue of sanctions using game theory shows that if the sanctioned country is not able to retaliate in areas other than the disputed issue, the sanctions game may not reach an equilibrium in which the sanctions are lifted but...
Feasibility Study of Blockchain Policy on Oil and Gas Industries
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Maleki, Abbas (Supervisor)
Abstract
The Oil and gas industry is one of the most important industries in the world. It has great role in Iran’s economy also. Regarding complexities of new companies, there is room for more cooperation and coordination within the industry and with other actors. Oil and gas niches have close interdependency with financial sector. The new encrypted currencies play great role in new financial models. Blockchain technology can help the oil and gas industry by using its appropriate features. Blockchain is a system of recording information in a way that makes it difficult or impossible to change, hack, or cheat the system. The supply chain of oil and gas industry in Iran includes upstream, midstream...
Impacts Analysis of Discriminatory Pricing Policies Implementation in the Framework of Iran’s Subsidies Targeting law
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Maleki, Abbas (Supervisor)
Abstract
The subsidies targeting law was ratified on October 23, 2009. At mentioned law appointed that the government redistributes up to 50% of earned revenues from price reforming of energy carriers to households by cash and non-cash payments and 30% of earned revenues to the production sector. But reports studies indicate that from 2010 to 2016, the government allocated 93.4% of the revenues to households in cash and non-cash and only 0.7% to the production sector. It can, therefore, be concluded that the subsidies targeting law has not been properly implemented. Indeed, the government has not only failed to fully reform energy carriers prices, but also has increased the households’ share of...
Assessing the Capacity of the Renewables as the Industrial Driving Force Rather than the Energy Provider, Case Study: Feasibility Study of Wind Turbine Manufacturing in Iran
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Maleki, Abbas (Supervisor)
Abstract
Facing the two challenges of the recession and rising requirement to reduce carbon emissions have led countries around the world to look for ways to promote economic productivity and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. In the meantime, the appearance of renewable energies has the potential to grow and diversify the economy, in addition to providing an effective solution to meet the growing demand for energy. The impact of development of the renewables industry on the economy for each country and each type of renewables can be examined separately. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the development role of wind energy industry as the motive engine of industry and specifically answer two...
Iran’s Economic Strategies to Participate Japan’s LNG Market by Using Game Theory
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Maleki, Abbas (Supervisor)
Abstract
Iran has the second largest gas reserves in the world with huge gas reserves about 32 trillion cubic meters. The expansion of gas exports in recent decades has been accompanied by liquefied natural gas exports, with the LNG industry growing rapidly due to the inability to export gas via pipeline to distant markets. The expansion of the LNG industry around the world, there have been various markets for this product that the Southeast Asian market being the largest market for this product and Japan is the largest importer in this sector.Specific mechanisms of the Japanese market, which have separated it from the rest of the LNG importing countries, are the extension of long-term contracts for...
Iran’s Strategies to Access to China’s LNG Markets: Using Game Theory
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Maleki, Abbas (Supervisor)
Abstract
This study will examine the interests of Iran in entering one of the largest and most outreaching LNG markets which is China. In order to examine these interests, understanding China's policy on importing LNG and the competitive environment in this market is necessary. First, the decision theory is used to simulate China's policy on adjusting the import mix during the demand growth period of 2011 to 2017.This provides a simulated picture of its policy on increasing demand for the 2020. Then, the behavior of other LNG exporting countries to China is analyzed using game theory approach. By analyzing the sensitivity of the parameters in which uncertainty exist, it was revealed that Iran's...
Good Governance Structure for Securing the Supply of Oil Products at Iran's Transportation Sector
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Maleki, Abbas (Supervisor)
Abstract
The oil refining industry, as the first oil supply chain, is of great importance. By examining the issue of the Iranian Oil Refining Industry, using the game theory, one can find an accurate analysis of the barriers to the development of this industry. For this purpose, the main factors affecting the oil refining industry, the government and the refinery's owner, are modeled and their benefits are considered. By examining the relationship between these actors and their actions, the following strategies are proposed to improve the administration and regulate the Iranian oil refining industry:
1- Refining feed prices, according to the quality of crude oil (sulfur content and API...
1- Refining feed prices, according to the quality of crude oil (sulfur content and API...
Lithium ion Battery Technology Development Policy Making on Iranʼs Oncoming Energy System Based on the Technological Innovation System Approach
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Maleki, Abbas (Supervisor)
Abstract
Lithium ion battery is one of the innovative and emerging technologies in energy sector that has played a major role in electricity supply security by integration of renewable energy technologies in electrical grid, implementation of electrical transportation system and de-carbonation of the both sectors in recent years. On the other hand, the formation of the potential market of technology as one of the functions of the technological innovation system plays an essential role in creation and advancement of innovation in the energy sector. Therefore, in this thesis, the development of lithium ion battery technology in Iran has been investigated from the perspective of the technology market in...
Economic Analysis of Energy Supply Security based on Energy Security Indices
, Ph.D. Dissertation Sharif University of Technology ; Maleki, Abbas (Supervisor)
Abstract
As a problem, generally, energy security components do not interfere with the calculation of the optimal energy supply situation. In this paper, we are looking to find a solution to make a framework of the impact of energy security on energy supply in order to obtain comprehensive analysis of the economic optimal point. Method is based on the competition of energy costs to meet demand during the study period. Threats that have been addressed in the energy security are seen as risky and stochastic parameters in the model. The nature of these parameters is of uncertainty type, therefore, based on the probable scenarios of the stochastic model, the perspective of the energy supply system is...