Sharif Digital Repository

Career Orientations or career choices, can be affected by internal and external factors. External factors are the environmental conditions that the reward and the attractiveness of selecting a career choice are dependent to them. Internal factors include the needs of oneself from his/her job, his/her beliefs and his/her skills and competencies about the job. In this research the internal antecedents of managerial and technical orientations between programmers have been identified. On the other hand the perception of people about the compensation system as an external factor which can affect the mentioned relationships, have been analyzed. It seems that this is the first research which career... 

In industry it is usual to develop a family of similar software instead of a single one. Software product-line (SPL) engineering or family-based software engineering is an approach that tries to minimize needed effort and time-to-market and maximize quality of manufactured products through strategic planning for maximizing reuse among members of the family. On the other hand it is known that testing software is an indivisible part of software development process which requires considerable time and effort. With large number of products created from an SPL, it is obvious that testing should be conducted in such a way that needed effort does not maintain a linear relationship with number of... 

In this research the tendency of the Iranian companies in using marketing metrics will be examined. Business orientation and size of the firms have been considered as factors to be effective on diversified taste of companies in using financial, non-financial or a combination of both measures in evaluating marketing performance. An export-oriented sector of our country such as companies affiliated in IDRO must be able to measure the marketing performance as a prerequisite to be able to enter a global competition. In this research it has been attempted to determine the metrics favored by Iranian firms. It has been also concluded that the size of the companies has a direct relation with the... 

Aspect-Oriented Software Development (AOSD) concentrates on separation of global cross-cutting concerns, or aspects. The weaknesses of Object-Oriented Software Development (OOSD) in localizing orthogonal concerns simultaneously leads to distributing them across several modules, and thereby creating modules that have to deal with various concerns. This usually results in poor modularization and difficulties in tracing certain requirements (especially nonfunctional requirements) to their implementations. The AOSD approach determines the common aspects that exist across modules created through OOSD, and modularizes them. Thus, AOSD takes the next step in creating modular software. Applying this... 

There are many ways to color the vertices and edges of graphs, such as, rainbow connection, vertex coloring and dynamic coloring. In this thesis, in Chapter 1 we introduce a new coloring, we consider its relationship with some other colorings and we investigate its computational complexity. In chapter 1, we focus on the proper orientation number. The problem of orienting the edges of a given simple graph so that the maximum indegree of vertices is minimized was introduced in 2004. We show that there is a polynomial time algorithm for determining the proper orientation number of a given 3-regular graph. But it is NP-complete to decide if the proper orientation number of a 4-regular graph is 3... 

Equal Channel angular pressing (ECAP) is one of the most applicable Severe Plastic Deformation (SPD) Procedures which results in improvement of strength and ductility through grain refinement and an appropriate texture development. In this study, in order to achieve a proper orientation and microstructure, ECAP was performed in different routes and temperatures up to 4 passes on AZ31 magnesium alloy. Microstructure and mechanical properties were studied. X-ray diffraction analysis was performed to study the basal orientation variation and calculation of sub-grain size. In addition, cold rolling at room temperature was done on the fourth pass specimens, in order to study the effect of ECAP... 

In addition to the successes of modern science and technology in helping humanity, science has brought harmful effects ,which has led to criticisms from different domains such ethics, religion, politics, philosophy , etc. Nicholas Maxwell as an Emeritus Reader in the Philosophy of Science has shown , in several of his works, the harmful byproducts of science, and has proposed some ideas for bring about a revolution in the philosophy of science. His main thesis is to change the academic and non-academic aim of works, from knowledge to wisdom. In summary, his concerns are: inappropriate metaphysical presuppositions concerning the comprehensibility of our universe, attention to rational... 

Software architecture has been known as one of the fundamental elements of effective software development process. In order to improve and optimize the software architecture design, many attempts have been made among which are introducing architectural patterns. Because of high advantages of service-oriented architecture, it is considered as one of the main interests of software developers. It should be noted, however, that getting advantages from service-oriented architecture is not possible without having an efficient management within its processes. In other words, using service-oriented architecture without considering its process management challenges, can lead to increased costs and... 

A growing number of distributed information systems need to operate in open, dynamic and heterogeneous environments, and are required to adapt themselves to environmental changes in order to satisfy specific design objectives. These self-adaptive systems are inherently complex, mainly due to the complexity of their environments and the effects of dynamic adjustments made to their structure and behavior. Developing such complex systems is still an important challenge insoftware engineering.Agent technology is considered as an appropriate and powerful paradigm for developing complex and dynamic distributed systems. Intelligent/autonomous agents have been proved useful for enhancing flexibility... 

Using models to design systems has always had a vital role in engineering. Model Driven Development (MDD), as used in software engineering, uses models, modeling methods, and model transformation techniques as bases for automating the software development process. To this aim, MDD focuses on models and automatic model transformation to provide techniques for designing, understanding and maintaining models more easily. In order to achieve MDD goals, the Model Driven Architecture (MDA) was proposed by Object Management Group as a standard framework for MDD. On the other hand, Composition-Based Development (spanning Component-Based Development and Service-Oriented Development) has been... 

Critical thinking has been the center of attention in education and academia over the last several decades. It can be fostered at different rates and extents in different academic disciplines given the diverse cognitive processes that students need to go through. Hence, an understanding over the extent to which a specific field of study in higher education aids the development of critical thinking might help educators and educational system to see what should be revised, substituted, and/or added in a curriculum. Accordingly, the major thrust of the current study was to compare the critical thinking ability of 296 humanities and engineering undergraduate students at four Iranian... 

This study is an endeavor to model the interaction between transportation and land use, as a constituent of a joint land use-network design problem defined in the context of transit oriented development (TOD). Population and employment follow a Garin-Lowry model; the endogenously determined transportation demand is administered by a joint mode choice-assignment model; and mode choice is governed by a logit model. Equilibrium of population choice of place of residence, employment choice of place of retailing, and passenger choice of mode and path, are all governed by a maximum utility principle. An algorithm is devised to reach these equilibrium states by an evolutionary process, whose engine... 

Product Line Engineering (PLE) is a well-established discipline in software engineering, and has gained widespread adoption in industry. Software product lines are considered an efficient means for mass production of software systems, and many companies have based their software development processes on PLE principles and practices.
Situational Method Engineering (SME) has so far been mainly concerned with metamodels and method chunk repositories; through using these means, methodologies are constructed or extended to address the specific requirements of a software development project. A recent development in SME is the introduction of “Process” Line Engineering, which promises new... 

Agents are autonomous entities that have independent threads of control, and that interact with each other in their environment. Due to the intelligence of agents and their ability as to social interaction, an agent-oriented system exhibits remarkable synergistic traits. Agent-oriented software development facilitates the development of flexible systems that exhibit complex behaviors.Traditional software development methodologies do not sufficiently satisfy the special needs of the agent-oriented paradigm. Therefore, many researchers have focused on developing specialized agent-oriented methodologies, or have worked on extending or adapting existing methodologies so that they can be used for... 

Revolutionary developments in marketing, information and communications technology continue to transform the banking and financial industry. The objectives of this thesis are mainly to examine the role and perspective of core banking solutions as the heart of IT department in any financial institution, for addressing requirements of both financial institutions and customers. The study explores criteria for measuring core banking solutions, the time of core replacement in any financial institution and agenda that must be considered in the core banking replacement process.
Moreover, in this thesis, the core banking solution architectures and the Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) as the... 

In this thesis, we first study agent-based systems, and briefly review methods to formally describe such systems. One of these methods is theMetatem language. This language uses a form of linear-time temporal logic to describe the behavior of agents over time. We then introduce modal logics, and argue that they are well suited to describing agents’ knowledge in agent-based systems. We also introduceModal Logic of Knowledge, a combination of linear-time temporal and modal logics, using which temporal behavior of multi agent systems, along with knowledge of agents can be specified.Then, we review and implement a tableau based theorem-proving algorithm for this logic, which can be used as a... 

Aspect-Oriented Programming is a software engineering paradigm that offers new constructs, such as join points, pointcuts, advices and aspects in order to improve separation of crosscutting concerns. The new constructs bring new type of programming faults with respect to crosscutting concerns, such as incorrect pointcuts, advice or aspect precedence. In fact, existing object-oriented testing techniques are not adequate for testing aspect-oriented programs. As a result, new testing techniques must be developed. In this paper, an approach based upon UML sequence diagrams for testing aspect- oriented program is presented. The proposed approach focuses on integration of one or several... 

Statistical learning plays a key role in many areas of science [38]. An example of learning problems is image matching, image matching plays an important role in many aspects of computer vision.Computers can be used in intelligent tasks, which are followed by logical inference, for example, visual scenes (images or videos) or speech (audios). For humans visual system of such task are performed hundreds of times every day so easily sometimes without any awareness. In this thesis we focus on the image matching phase which is the first phase of the classification process. One of the popular image matching methods is Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) which our proposed method is based on... 

Team and organizational leadership, has always been noted by researchers as an important factor in team effectiveness and organizational success. In past, leadership was considered a top down process in which one person (leader) played all the leadership roles. Recently, new models have been suggested by researchers, considering the increased demand due to changes in business world, how organizations work and how they interact with their environment. One of these models that have attracted a lot of attention from scholars and organizations is distributed leadership. This new model of leadership is considered to be a complement to vertical (Conventional model of) leadership. In this model... 

Launching new food product is more difficult than the marketing of an existing product. Usually companies focus on their ability, and process (product orientation) in New Product Development but many scholar researches say that market orientation is a highly critical factor for new product success. Some literatures have been studied, and many success factors found out but some of them that were related to beverages were chosen. It is concluded by analysis of survey that Functionality, Being Healthy, Manufacture, Packaging, Availability, Repeat use, Trial cost, Feedback, Endorsement, Distribution Channel, Branding, and Awareness are important success factors in NPD in beverage marketing...