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Optimal Model of Industrial Waste Heat Application in Desalination System: A Case Study of Hormozgan Province
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Avami, Akram (Supervisor)
Abstract
Increasing population growth and scarcity of fresh water resources have created the challenge of water supply, especially in the Mena region. Thus, many countries in the region have turned to innovation in the development of high-energy seawater desalination technologies. Utilizing the waste heat of refineries in the desalination industry can reduce costs and preserve the environment. In this article, effective ways to use the waste heat of other flue recovery steam of Bandar Abbas oil refinery are investigated. The integration of the heat recovery system consisting of recuperative heat exchangers and heat pipes with thermal desalination plants is investigated by multi-stage flash and...
Use of Thermal Storage for Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES)
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Rajabi Ghahnavieh, Abbas (Supervisor)
Abstract
One of the issues that today is considered by planners and system operators in power systems, especially the Iranian power grid, is the high variation and the lack of uniformity of load curves in different hours of the day. This has led to the use of all installed capacity of the country's production only in peak hours, and in the low and intermediate times, a large amount of installed capacity is out of the circuit, which means Unused capital. This problem is more or less seen in world power networks with high load variation curves. Also, the production of renewable energies has always been fluctuating, and the production of power control to improve this fluctuation is very important. This...
Laboratory Investigation of Rock Wettability and Interfacial Tension Effects on Relative Permeability, a Quantitative Study
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Taghikhani, Vahid (Supervisor) ; Ayatollahi, Shahab (Co-Advisor) ; Rostami, Behzad (Co-Advisor)
Abstract
About 20% of total oil in the world is reserved in fractured reservoirs and there is also more than 60% of remained oil in the world in these reservoirs. But increasing recovery factor and production from this type of reservoirs was not very successful. After water flooding process most of the oil remains in the reservoir. The amount of remained oil is much more specially in fractured reservoirs. Surfactant flooding in one of the well-known enhanced oil recovery methods for reduction of interfacial tension between fluids to decrease capillary forces that cause less oil trapping and higher oil recovery. But a comprehensive and accurate understanding of the mechanism of this process and...
Investigation of Upscaling Methods for Heterogeneous Permeable Cluster-based Porous Media under Immiscible Two Phase Fluid Flow
, Ph.D. Dissertation Sharif University of Technology ; Masihi, Mohsen (Supervisor) ; Baghghalha, Morteza (Supervisor) ; Ghotbi, Siroos (Supervisor)
Abstract
Upscaling is an important step in hydrocarbon reservoir modeling which reduces the number of grid blocks of high detailed geological models to prepare them for flow simulation. This helps to speed up computational process, to keep the simulation (CPU) time within a reasonable range and to make future engineering analysis (history matching, comparison of production scenarios, Monte Carlo simulation and etc.) possible. The accuracy of post processing analysis heavily depends on the robustness and validation of the applied upscaling method. Although numerous methods have been proposed in the literature, overemphasizing the effect of scale on the behavior of complex governing equations has...
Design and Development of an Alternative System of Recycling Exhaust Gas of a Direct Iron Reduction Furnace based on the Criterion of Minimum Destruction of Exergy and Water Usage
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Sobouhi, Yadollah (Supervisor) ; Ashjari, Mohammad Ali (Co-Advisor)
Abstract
Enormous amounts of water and energy are lost by scrubber utilization for furnace exhaust gas washing during direct iron reduction process. Hence, the aim of the current research is design and construction of a system which could be employed instead of scrubber within direct iron reduction process considering the equipment size constraints.To this end, the substitute system was manufactured after dimensional analysis and simulation of lab model compared to the prototype regarding the implementation limitations. The model has been tested in different operating conditions and empirical relations have been extracted for general analysis of direct iron reduction process. The case study here is...
Investigation of Low Salinity Waterflooding Predictive Capability and the Development of a Tool for Screening Candidates
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Mahani, Hassan (Supervisor) ; Ayatollahi, Shahab (Supervisor)
Abstract
Among different enhanced oil recovery (EOR) methods, low salinity waterflooding (LSWF) has been attractive to researchers because of its relative simplicity and lower environmental problems compared to other conventional EOR methods. Numerous researchers have attempted to find the main cause of the low salinity effect (LSE). According to previous studies, several experimental techniques have been proposed for predicting LSE and screening potential field candidates. However, there is a lack of a systematic investigation of all (or even some of) the methods to compare and determine their LSE predictive capability. Predictive capability development is essential because it saves costs and time...
Design and Fabrication of Humidifier-Dehumidifier with Bubble Column Method and Heat Recovery
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Moosavi, Ali (Supervisor)
Abstract
In present Thesis, the HDH desalination system has designed and fabricated based on three different functions. Two-stage bubble column humidification-dehumidification system, heat recovery converter, and the elimination of the cooling system are among the innovations of this study.Also, the desalination system is processed and controlled by a control system based on the Python language. The experiment is designed for three different systems based on the three different functions, different maximum temperatures and different mass ratios of water to air have been taken into account. Essential parameters of HDH systems have been analyzed in this study. The experimental results have pointed out...
Technical and Economic Assessment Of a Symbiosis Opportunity for Utilization of Power Plants-Sourced Waste Heat to Supply Greenhouses Demand Considering Spatial Configuration
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Roshandel, Ramin (Supervisor)
Abstract
The main purpose of this research is analyzing the energy stream of clean food production by using Iran's power plants sourced waste heat. In order to achieve this goal, at first, greenhouse heating demand model according to the type of crops and geographic location of greenhouse, heat transport from power plant to greenhouse model, and heat exchanger model is presented. Then, the potential of constructing clean greenhouse around power plants has been evaluated by using the concept of industrial symbiosis and by integrating greenhouse energy demand, waste heat transport, and heat exchanger models into industrial symbiosis concept framework and also by economical and geographical assessments....
Removal of Fluorine from radioactive solid waste of Esfahan Uranium Conversion Facility
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Samadfam, Mohammad (Supervisor) ; Khanchi, Alireza (Supervisor) ; Gasemi, Hosein (Co-Advisor)
Abstract
Uranium is the most important element in the nuclear fuel cycle. Recovery of uranium from waste produced at every stage of the fuel cycle is not only economically important, but also environmentally important. In the production phase of uranium hexafluoride, certain amount of solid waste is produced in the bottom of the fluorination reactor. In order to extract the uranium from this waste, we have to eliminate the fluorine contained in the waste. This is because the fluorine forms strong complex with uranyl ions during the extraction process, and prevents from efficient extraction of uranium. In the current thesis؛ first, we examined the characteristics of the waste ...
Experimental Investigation of the Displacement Efficiency of Surfactant Flooding in Fractured Porous Medium Using One-Quarter Five Spot Micromodel
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Rashtchian, Davood (Supervisor) ; Kharraat, Riaz (Supervisor) ; Ghazanfari, Mohammad (Supervisor)
Abstract
Naturally fractured oil reservoirs represent over 20% of the world's oil reserves, while over 60% of the world’s remaining oil lies trapped in fractured reservoirs. However, relatively little success has been achieved in increasing oil production from these complex reservoirs. Water flooding process leaves much oil in the reservoir, especially in fractured reservoirs. Surfactant flooding is known to lower the interfacial tension and hence, reduces capillary forces responsible for trapping oil and increasing recovery. However, fundamental understanding how the fracture geometrical properties affect the oil recovery efficiency during surfactant flooding remains a topic of debate in the...
Experimental Analysis of Immiscible Displacements of Heavy Oil in Heterogeneous Porous Media under Ultrasonic Effect
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Ghotbi, Siroos (Supervisor) ; Ghazanfari, Mohammad Hossein (Supervisor)
Abstract
In the recent years, there has been an increasing attention toward usage of ultrasonic for enhanced oil recovery practices. But, thorough knowledge of active mechanisms and spreading and characterization of developed fingers during this practice is not available. From the other hand, due to limited amount of light oil fields, more attentions towards recovery from heavy oils is the need of the hour. Documents show that the big issues during the enhanced oil recovery from heavy crudes are high density of reservoir oil as well as poor development of fingers during injection due to high mobility ratios. In this study, results of ultrasound effect on the heavy oil recovery and its effect on the...
Developing a Model to Assess Waste Recycling and Its Impact on Energy and Environmen
,
Ph.D. Dissertation
Sharif University of Technology
;
Saboohi, Yadollah
(Supervisor)
Abstract
The reaction of human societies with environmental limitations such as climate change and the prospect of limited mineral resources has led to the introduction of approaches such as circular economy. The implementation of circular economy requires the development of new assessment methods, technology development and planning. Even though in the economic theories of optimizing the extraction of exhaustible resources such as fossil fuel resources, methods are used to determine the optimal path of resource use, but the optimization of the return flow is less evaluated. In this research, the optimal material circulation model is developed based on material flow analysis and life cycle costing...
Tamper Detection and Self Recovery of Speech Signals Based on Self Embedding
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Marvasti, Farrokh (Supervisor)
Abstract
There is a vast amount of publications in the literature on various types of tampering detection. In this thesis, we propose two methods for tampering detection and recovery of speech signals with WAV format. Due to redundancy of speech signals, the watermarking technique is utilized for this purpose. In embedder side,the watermark is generated using a similar version of the original signal. In first method, watermark is generated by the downsampled signal. Output of hash generator and some framing headers are used to detect the tampered region automatically. In second method, The original signal is compressed using a source encoder. The output is then packetized to detect the tampered...
Micromodel Investigation of the Non-Monotonic Effect of Injection Water Salinity on Wettability and Oil Recovery
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Mahani, Hassan (Supervisor)
Abstract
Based on numerous laboratory and field evidence, low-salinity waterflooding or engineered salinity waterflooding can lead to enhanced oil production. According to the literature, the mechanisms involved in this process can be divided into two general categories: fluid-fluid interactions and solid-liquid interactions. These mechanisms are caused by intermolecular and electrostatic forces at the rock and fluid interfaces. The most important controlling factor of the electrostatic forces is the concentration of ions at/near fluids-rock interface. Therefore, improving the concentration of ions causes a shift in wettability toward a more water-wetting state, eventually leading to increased oil...
Real and Risk Neutral Measure in Option Pricing
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Alishahi, Kasra (Supervisor) ; Bahramgiri, Mohsen (Co-Advisor)
Abstract
In this thesis, we are going to prove the fundamental theorem of asset pricing and then define option and use the binomial option pricing model to for pricing the option. Afterwards, we explain the recovery theorem which gives the relationship between real and risk neutral measure. Moreover, we present an introduction to financial mathematics and state the generalized Black-Scholes model for option pricing.Then, we prove a theorem for options which reveals a relationship between option prices and real measure
Investigation The Effect Of Wettability Alteration On Increasing Recovery Factor At Fractured Reservoirs
,
M.Sc. Thesis
Sharif University of Technology
;
Jamshidi, Saeid
(Supervisor)
;
Masihi, Mohsen
(Supervisor)
Abstract
There are a lot of Fractured reservoirs around the world that have large portion of oil production. These reservoirs have complex structure and fractures have important role in production but the remaining oil in matrix causes that the oil recovery decreases. One of the most important factors in these reservois are wettability. Because most of the fractured reservoirs are oil wet and water injection process in these reservoirs are not effective and chemical EOR methods such as surfactant flooding method is used. Surfactant improve oil recovery by two reasons: 1- reduction of interfacial tension between oil and water . 2-Wettability alteration of matrix. The porpose of this project is...
Pore-Scale Investigation of Polymer Enhanced Low Salinity Water flooding EOR
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Mahani, Hassan (Supervisor) ; Rostami, Behzad (Supervisor)
Abstract
Low salinity water flooding (LSWF) is a relatively new EOR method in which low salinity or modified ionic composition water is injected into the reservoir to alter its wettability toward a more water-wettable state to accelerate oil recovery. Ease of field deployment and relatively low cost, as well as laboratory results confirming the positive effect of this method in improving the oil recovery factor, have made this technique attractive in the oil industry.Despite the many advantages of this method, overcoming the mixing between low and high salinity water which occurs due to a high mobility ratio between these two fluids is essential because it negatively affects the efficiency of LSWF....
Low power Clock and Data Recovery Circuits in 20Gb/s Range in CMOS Technology
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Hajsadeghi, Khosrow (Supervisor)
Abstract
Growing demand for increased data transmission in communication systems and the internet, has intensified the need to increase the bandwidth of high speed transceivers. One of the main elements in high speed receivers is the clock and data recovery circuit which guarantees the transfer of data with high reliability. In this thesis, the design of a clock and data recovery circuit for high frequency applications is considered. The aim of this project is the design of a circuit with low power and low jitter for high-speed input data. A new four stage LC ring oscillator is designed that works at the quarter rate of the input. A new idea for the design of the binary phase detectors has also been...
Simulation and Optimization of Ethane Recovery Unit Using Evolutionary Algorithms and Artificial Neural Networks
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Rashtchian, Davood (Supervisor)
Abstract
Nowadays evolutionary algorithms help developers to solve many problems in applied science and engineering aspects. So the main goal of this thesis is to apply and verify the ability of evolutionary algorithms and artificial neural networks in optimization of Ethane recovery unit. Algorithms applied in this study are Ant Colony Algorithm, Artificial Immune Systems Algorithm, Incremental Evolutionary Algorithm, Chaotic Based Algorithm, Variable Population Size Genetic Algorithm, Frog Leaping Algorithm, Frog Leaping with Bacterial Optimization Approach and Different types of Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm. Optimization methods based on local search are also applied in order to compare...
Electrodialysis of Llithium from Spent Lithium-Ion Battries
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Askari, Masoud (Supervisor)
Abstract
In this study, Lithium recovery process from lithium-ion battery was investigated by electrodialysis method. First, the cathode of the battery was leached in NMP to separate cathode from aluminum foil. Then, the cathode was leached in sulfuric acid with concentration 3.25 M and 10 volume percent hydrogen peroxide that pulp density was 55 g/L at 60°C for 100 minutes. in the next step, an electrodialysis cell was designed and created to recover lithium. And the influence of time, voltage, flow rate of feed solution, concentration of electrode solution and concentration of feed solution on process was investigated. Purpose of this project were investigated lithium ion recovery rate, lithium...