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reverse-osmosis
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Modeling and techno-economic study of a solar reverse osmosis desalination plant
, Article International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology ; Volume 19, Issue 9 , 2022 , Pages 8727-8742 ; 17351472 (ISSN) ; Hajialigol, P ; Boroushaki, M ; Shafii, M. B ; Sharif University of Technology
Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
2022
Abstract
In this research, the design of a solar reverse osmosis desalination plant was investigated by integrating various components using TRNSYS and ROSA software. To this goal, a two-stage reverse osmosis system with 50% recovery in the city of Chabahar was modeled. The calculations were performed in three different case studies, i.e., a photovoltaic power plant, a solar collector power plant with Organic Rankine Cycles, and a photovoltaic thermal power plant with Organic Rankine Cycles, with the reverse osmosis desalination plant being a novel investigation. Water production and electrical energy generation of each case study were evaluated both on a daily and yearly bases. The simulation...
On comparison of three multi-feed osmotic-mediation-based configurations for brine management: Techno-economic optimization and exergy analysis
, Article Desalination ; Volume 525 , 2022 ; 00119164 (ISSN) ; Ghofrani, I ; Moosavi, A ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier B.V
2022
Abstract
This study aims at analyzing the performance of three units known as low salt rejection reverse osmosis (LSRRO), split-feed counterflow reverse osmosis (SF-CFRO), and split-brine counterflow reverse osmosis (SB-CFRO) and implementing them in a modified multi-stage multi-feed counter-current membrane with cascade recycle for dewatering hypersaline streams to the salinity appropriate for crystallizers' feed. Exergy and primitive pinch analysis showed that dewatering is limited in SF-CFRO as the permeate inlet dictates the maximum salinity difference at the pinch point as well as high frictional pressure loss in the permeate channel. SB-CFRO and LSRRO units can reach high salinities by...
Thin-film nanocomposite membranes containing aspartic acid-modified MIL-53-NH2 (Al) for boosting desalination and anti-fouling performance
, Article Desalination ; Volume 521 , 2022 ; 00119164 (ISSN) ; Bagherzadeh, M ; Navi, H ; Chegeni, M ; Hosseinifard, M ; Amini, M ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier B.V
2022
Abstract
In the current study, the prospect improvements on desalination and anti-fouling performance of polyamide (PA)-based TFN membranes modified with MIL-53-NH-Asp have been investigated. MIL-53-NH2 nanoparticles (NPs) have been treated through a single-step post-synthesis modification reaction to enhance the hydrophilicity feature and compatibility with the PA layer. Various concentrations of synthesized NPs were dispersed in an aqueous phase consisting m-phenylenediamine and 2,6-diaminopyridine monomers for incorporation in the PA rejection layer. Analysis data of fabricated membranes provide evidence of changes in their physico-chemical properties after NPs incorporation. In comparison with...
From nitrate determination using microfluidic sensors to photocatalytic process intensification
, Article International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry ; Volume 102, Issue 10 , 2022 , Pages 2416-2450 ; 03067319 (ISSN) ; Moraveji, M. K ; Mousavi, S ; Sharif University of Technology
Taylor and Francis Ltd
2022
Abstract
This review paper is devoted to the intensification of processes for nitrate removal. First, the developments of microfluidic sensors for nitrate detection and analysis have addressed. Second, the process variables of photocatalytic nitrate removal have been categorized according to their relationship with activity, selectivity and stability of the catalyst. The objective of this classification is to generate guidelines toward the photocatalytic process optimization. Third, because of the fact that a single method for nitrate removal faces some challenges, hybrid methods have been presented, and the best choice for nitrate removal can be referred to as photocatalytic – reverse osmosis...
Conceptual arrangement and basic design of drinking water reverse osmosis desalination plants
, Article International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology ; Volume 18, Issue 12 , 2021 , Pages 4019-4036 ; 17351472 (ISSN) ; Farhadi, F ; Sharif University of Technology
Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
2021
Abstract
To propose a conceptual arrangement of reverse osmosis desalination plants, four comprehensive decision algorithms and a software are developed. Typically, commercial software predict the performance of the reverse osmosis membranes based on their pre-determined configuration; however, the developed decision algorithms and the developed software in this study have the capability of introducing the conceptual arrangement of pretreatment units, reverse osmosis membranes, and energy recovery devices for both seawater and brackish water reverse osmosis plants. To perform a comprehensive study, alongside the developed software and the decision algorithms, both design considerations of the...
Reverse osmosis desalination for irrigation in a pistachio orchard
, Article Desalination ; Volume 516 , 2021 ; 00119164 (ISSN) ; Afzali, M ; Farhadi, F ; Alamolhoda, A. A ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier B.V
2021
Abstract
Nowadays, the salinisation of groundwaters causes a substantial reduction in the yield of agricultural lands. To reduce the impact of this problem on the profitability of the lands, farmers tend to use desalination processes. However, this transition is not simple and some technical, economic, and environmental issues should be considered. In this study, we highlight some key factors for the use of desalination processes in the agricultural sector. Also, we conduct a techno-economic evaluation of using reverse osmosis desalination in a pistachio orchard as a high-value crop. Moreover, because of the solar energy potential in the location of the case study, the use of solar panels is assessed...
A feasibility study of solar-powered reverse osmosis processes
, Article Desalination ; Volume 500 , 2021 ; 00119164 (ISSN) ; Shirvani, H ; Alamolhoda, A. A ; Farhadi, F ; Karimi, M ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier B.V
2021
Abstract
The use of solar-powered reverse osmosis desalination systems is a sustainable and environmentally friendly solution in the desalination industry. However, there are some substantial technical and economic challenges due to the intermittency and fluctuation of solar energy. Recent technological improvement and feed-in tariff policies enable these systems to be competitive with conventional grid-connected reverse osmosis systems. In this paper, a feasibility study of the integration of solar panels with the grid to power small-scale reverse osmosis systems (namely up to 2000 m3/day) is conducted in Iran, as a country with a low price of electricity. For this purpose, a city located on the...
Seawater desalination via waste heat recovery from generator of wind turbines: How economical is it to use a hybrid hdh-ro unit?
, Article Sustainability (Switzerland) ; Volume 13, Issue 14 , 2021 ; 20711050 (ISSN) ; Rostami, S ; Amidpour, M ; He, W ; Han, D ; Sharif University of Technology
MDPI AG
2021
Abstract
Over recent years, the concept of waste heat recovery from the generators of wind turbines for driving a thermal-driven desalination system was introduced, and its advantages were highlighted. However, any selection of a bottoming thermal-driven desalination system among different existing technologies should be taken under consideration before making an ultimate recommendation. Unfortunately, no comprehensive comparison is available in the literature to compare the performance as well as the cost aspects of using the waste thermal energy of the generator of a wind turbine for desalinating seawater, comparing them with those of a layout where the power of the wind turbine is directly...
Improvement of performance and fouling resistance of polyamide reverse osmosis membranes using acrylamide and TiO2 nanoparticles under UV irradiation for water desalination
, Article Journal of Applied Polymer Science ; Volume 137, Issue 11 , 2020 ; Bastani, D ; Mousavi, S. A ; Heydari, H ; Vaghar Mousavi, D ; Sharif University of Technology
John Wiley and Sons Inc
2020
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to explain the surface modification of fabricated polyamide reverse osmosis (RO) membranes using UV-initiated graft polymerization at different irradiation times (15, 30, 60, and 90 s) and various acrylamide concentrations (10, 20, and 30 g L−1). Also, coating of membranes surface with various concentrations of TiO2 nanoparticles (10, 20, 30, and 50 ppm) followed by the same UV irradiation times was investigated. After that, the membranes modification was done by grafting of acrylamide blended with TiO2 nanoparticles via UV irradiation. The characterization of membranes surface properties and their performance were systematically carried out. The results...
An investigation on using MDCs for an efficient desalination process as pretreatment of reverse osmosis
, Article Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology - AQUA ; Volume 69, Issue 4 , 1 June , 2020 , Pages 322-331 ; Abbaspour, M ; Javid, A. H ; Hassani, A. H ; Sharif University of Technology
IWA Publishing
2020
Abstract
Microbial desalination cell (MDC) is a new bio-electrochemical technique which converts chemical energy into electrical energy, and at the same time desalinates water and treats wastewater. In this study, MDC performance and water biofouling conditions were tested as an efficient pretreatment desalination process of reverse osmosis (RO). The experiments were designed in a three-chamber reactor to compare the performance of batch and continuous fed modes, using bio-cathode and synthetic wastewater in four different hydraulic retention times and 17 and 35 g/L NaCl concentrations. According to the results, maximum salt removal of about 52.3% was obtained in the continuously fed MDC at 35 g/L...
Enhancing water desalination in graphene-based membranes via an oscillating electric field
, Article Desalination ; Volume 495 , December , 2020 ; Moosavi, A ; Nouri Borujerdi, A ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier B.V
2020
Abstract
Water desalination methods on the basis of newly developed graphene-based membrane have been introduced as a more efficient alternative for the conventional water purification technologies such as classical thermal desalination and reverse osmosis (RO). However, the increase of water permeation rate and ion rejection are still the main subjects in this field. In this study, a new method based on using oscillating electric field is proposed to improve the performance of nanoporous graphene. The effects of the amplitude and oscillation frequency of the electric field and the pore size of the membrane on the water permeation and salt rejection are studied by conducting molecular dynamics...
A feasibility study of solar-powered reverse osmosis processes
, Article Desalination ; 2020 ; Shirvani, H ; Alamolhoda, A. A ; Farhadi, F ; Karimi, M ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier B.V
2020
Abstract
The use of solar-powered reverse osmosis desalination systems is a sustainable and environmentally friendly solution in the desalination industry. However, there are some substantial technical and economic challenges due to the intermittency and fluctuation of solar energy. Recent technological improvement and feed-in tariff policies enable these systems to be competitive with conventional grid-connected reverse osmosis systems. In this paper, a feasibility study of the integration of solar panels with the grid to power small-scale reverse osmosis systems (namely up to 2000 m3/day) is conducted in Iran, as a country with a low price of electricity. For this purpose, a city located on the...
Techno-economic feasibility of a solar-powered reverse osmosis desalination system integrated with lithium battery energy storag
, Article Desalination and Water Treatment ; Volume 167 , 2019 , Pages 57-74 ; 19443994 (ISSN) ; Abbasi Godarzi, A ; Sharif University of Technology
Desalination Publications
2019
Abstract
Today, energy and fresh water play a vital role in human life and the development of economics and also in industry. The energy density in water desalination process is remarkable, so using the renewable energy sources for this purpose can be interesting especially in the high potential renewable energy sources (solar energy) like Middle East. The simulation and feasibility study of solar water desalination system coupled with lithium battery energy storage is considered in the case study of Iran. For these purposes, a complete simulation of the considered system is done. Then, using simulation results, the economic study is carried out using tem economic method. Also, the parametric study...
Ultrahigh permeable C2N-inspired graphene nanomesh membranes versus highly strained c2n for reverse osmosis desalination
, Article Journal of Physical Chemistry B ; Volume 123, Issue 41 , 2019 , Pages 8740-8752 ; 15206106 (ISSN) ; Akhavan, O ; Sharif University of Technology
American Chemical Society
2019
Abstract
The reverse osmosis (RO) desalination capability of hydrogenated and hydroxylated graphene nanomesh membranes (GNMs) inspired by the morphology of carbon nitride (C2N) has been studied by using molecular dynamics simulation. As an advantage, water permeance of the GNMs is found to be several orders of magnitude higher than that of the available RO filters and comparable with highly strained C2N (S-C2N) as follows: 6,6-H,OH > 12-H > S-C2N > 5,5-H,OH > 10-H. The reverse order is found for salt rejection, regardless of S-C2N. The hydrophilic character of the incorporated -OH functional group is believed to be responsible for linking the water molecules in feed and permeate sides via the...
Flux enhancement of thin-film composite membrane by graphene oxide incorporation
, Article Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering ; Volume 17, Issue 1 , 2019 , Pages 377-382 ; 2052336X (ISSN) ; Rashidi Mehrabadi, A ; Shayegan, J ; Mirabi, M ; Madaeni, S. S ; Sharif University of Technology
BioMed Central Ltd
2019
Abstract
Reverse Osmosis (RO) is a rapid-developing desalination technology; however, it suffers from inefficient energy consumption. To reduce energy consumption, in this study, reverse osmosis thin-film composite membrane (TFC) module was prepared and composed of m-phenylenediamine (MPD), graphene oxide, and 1,3,5-benzenetricarbonyl chloride (TMC) by interfacial polymerization on the surface of a polysulfone substrate. The graphene oxide was embedded in the mentioned thin-film composite by adding it to MPD aqueous solution to enhance permeation flux and, thus, reduce energy consumption. This study assessed the performance of the membrane using a lab-scale RO setup and evaluated permeability and...
Improvement of performance of polyamide reverse osmosis membranes using dielectric barrier discharge plasma treatment as a novel surface modification method
, Article Polymer Engineering and Science ; Volume 59 , 2019 , Pages E468-E475 ; 00323888 (ISSN) ; Asadollahi, M ; Mousavi, S. A ; Farhadi, F ; Sharif University of Technology
John Wiley and Sons Inc
2019
Abstract
In this research, surface modification of aromatic polyamide thin film composite (TFC) reverse osmosis (RO) membranes was carried out using dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma treatment to improve the performance and fouling resistance of prepared RO membranes. First, polyamide TFC RO membranes were synthesized via interfacial polymerization of m-phenylenediamine and trimesoyl chloride monomers over microporous polysulfone support membrane. Next, the DBD plasma treatment with 15 s, 30 s, 60 s, and 90 s duration was used for surface modification. The surface properties of RO membranes were characterized by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR),...
Improvement of performance of polyamide reverse osmosis membranes using dielectric barrier discharge plasma treatment as a novel surface modification method
, Article Polymer Engineering and Science ; Volume 59 , 2019 , Pages E468-E475 ; 00323888 (ISSN) ; Asadollahi, M ; Mousavi, S. A ; Farhadi, F ; Sharif University of Technology
John Wiley and Sons Inc
2019
Abstract
In this research, surface modification of aromatic polyamide thin film composite (TFC) reverse osmosis (RO) membranes was carried out using dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma treatment to improve the performance and fouling resistance of prepared RO membranes. First, polyamide TFC RO membranes were synthesized via interfacial polymerization of m-phenylenediamine and trimesoyl chloride monomers over microporous polysulfone support membrane. Next, the DBD plasma treatment with 15 s, 30 s, 60 s, and 90 s duration was used for surface modification. The surface properties of RO membranes were characterized by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR),...
Preparation of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) ultrafiltration membranes from PVC/additive/solvent and application of UF membranes as substrate for fabrication of reverse osmosis membranes
, Article Journal of Applied Polymer Science ; Volume 135, Issue 21 , 2018 ; 00218995 (ISSN) ; Asadollahi, M ; Musavi, A ; Bastani, D ; Sharif University of Technology
John Wiley and Sons Inc
2018
Abstract
Ultrafiltration (UF) membranes were prepared from poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) as main polymer, poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) as additive, and 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) as solvent using Design Expert software for designing the experiments. The membranes were characterized by SEM, contact angle measurement, and atomic force microscopy. The performance of UF membranes was evaluated by pure water flux (PWF) and blue indigo dye particle rejection. In addition, the molecular weight cutoff of UF membranes was determined by poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) rejection. The UF membranes were used as substrates for fabrication of polyamide thin film composite (TFC) reverse osmosis (RO) membranes. The...
Synthesis and characterization of polyamide membrane for the separation of acetic acid from water using RO process
, Article Membrane Water Treatment ; Volume 8, Issue 4 , 2017 , Pages 323-336 ; 20058624 (ISSN) ; Mousavi, S. A ; Mortazavi, S. S ; Sadeghi, M ; Bastani, D ; Sharif University of Technology
Techno Press
2017
Abstract
The main challenge in many applications of acetic acid is acid dehydration and its recovery from wastewater streams. Therefore, the performance of polyamide thin film composite is evaluated to separate acetic acid from water. To reach this goal, the formation of polyamide layer on polysulfone support membrane was investigated via interfacial polymerization (IP) of meta-phenylenediamine (MPD) in water with trimesoyl chloride (TMC) in hexane. Also, the effect of synthesis conditions, such as concentration of monomers and curing temperature on separation of acetic acid from water were investigated by reverse osmosis process. Moreover, the separation mechanism was discussed. The solute...
Polyamide membrane surface and bulk modification using humid environment as a new heat curing medium
, Article Journal of Membrane Science ; Volume 523 , 2017 , Pages 129-137 ; 03767388 (ISSN) ; Bazgar Bajestani, M ; Mousavi, S. A ; Mokhtari Garakani, R ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier B.V
2017
Abstract
Heat curing was devised in temperature-controlled steam and water environments to synthesize reverse osmosis (RO) polyamide (PA) membrane. The effect of new curing media on the physicochemical properties and RO performance of the synthesized polyamides was fully investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), attenuated total reflection infrared (ATR-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and water drop contact angle. The results show a reduction in amide linkage content on the surface of the steam-cured polyamide and surface and bulk of the water-cured polyamide. Additionally, it was revealed that heat curing in the humidity-controlled environment...