Sharif Digital Repository

In this study, the authors propose a processor allocation mechanism for run-time assignment of a set of communicating tasks of input applications onto the processing nodes of a chip multiprocessor, when the arrival order and execution lifetime of the input applications are not known a priori. This mechanism targets the on-chip communication and aims to reduce the power and latency of the network-on-chip employed as the communication infrastructure. In this work, the authors benefit from the advantages of non-contiguous processor allocation mechanisms, by allowing the tasks of the input application mapped onto disjoint regions (submeshes) and then virtually connecting them by bypassing the... 

We revisit the problem of deciding whether a given curve resembles some part of a larger curve under a fixed Fréchet distance, achieving a running time of O(nm), for n and m being the number of segments in the two curves. This improves the long-standing result of Alt and Godau by an O(log(nm)) factor. Our solution is based on constructing a simple data structure which we call free-space map. Using this data structure, we obtain improved algorithms for several variants of the Fréchet distance problem, including the Fréchet distance between two closed curves, and the so-called minimum/maximum walk problems. We also improve the map matching algorithm of Alt et al. for the particular case in... 

Given a terrain and a query point p on or above it, we want to count the number of triangles of terrain that are visible from p. We present an approximation algorithm to solve this problem. We implement the algorithm and then we run it on the real data sets. The experimental results show that our approximation solution is very close to the real solution and compare to the other similar works, the running time of our algorithm is better than their algorithm. The analysis of time complexity of algorithm is also presented. Also, we consider visibility testing problem, where the goal is to test whether p and a given triangle of train are visible or not. We propose an algorithm for this problem... 

Thermal noise is one of the most important challenges in analogue integrated circuits design. This problem is more crucial in switched-capacitor (SC) filters due to the aliasing effect of wide-band thermal noise. In this article, a new simple method is proposed for estimating the power spectrum density of output thermal noise in SC filters, which have acceptable accuracy and short running time. In the proposed method, first using HSPICE simulator, accurate value of accumulated sampled noise on sampler capacitors in each clock state is achieved. Next, using difference equations of the SC filter, frequency response of the SC filter is shaped by time domain analysis. Based on the proposed... 

Back in 1995, Alt and Godau gave an efficient algorithm for deciding whether a given curve resembles some part of a larger curve under a fixed Fréchet distance, achieving a running time of O(nm log(nm)), for n and m being the number of segments in the two curves, respectively. We improve this long-standing result by presenting an algorithm that solves this decision problem in O(nm) time. Our solution is based on constructing a simple data structure which we call free-space map. Using this data structure, we obtain improved algorithms for several variants of the Fréchet distance problem, including the Fréchet distance between two closed curves, and the so-called minimum/maximum walk problems.... 

In this paper, we combine a novel Sequential Graph Coloring Heuristic Algorithm (SGCHA) with a non-systematic method based on a cultural algorithm to solve the graph coloring problem (GCP). The GCP involves finding the minimum number of colors for coloring the graph vertices such that adjacent vertices have distinct colors. In our solving approach, we first use an estimator which is implemented with SGCHA to predict the minimum colors. Then, in the non-systematic part which has been designed using cultural algorithms, we improve the prediction. Various components of the cultural algorithm have been implemented to solve the GCP with a self adaptive behavior in an efficient manner. As a result... 

Despite the need for change, highly available software systems cannot be stopped to perform changes because disruption in their services may consequent irrecoverable losses. Current work on runtime evolution are either too disruptive, e.g., "blackouts" in unnecessary components in the quiescence criterion approach or presume restrictive assumptions such as the "black-box design" in the tranquility approach. In this paper, an architecture-based approach, called SAFER, is proposed which provides a better timeliness by relaxing any precondition required to start reconfiguration. We demonstrate the validity of the SAFER through model checking and a realization of the approach on a component... 

We develop Hyperion a Wearable Augmented Reality (WAR) system based on Google Glass to access text information in the ambient environment. Hyperion is able to retrieve text content from users' current view and deliver the content to them in different ways according to their context.We design four work modalities for different situations that mobile users encounter in their daily activities. In addition, user interaction interfaces are provided to adapt to different application scenarios. Although Google Glass may be constrained by its poor computational capabilities and its limited battery capacity, we utilize code-level offloading to companion mobile devices to improve the runtime... 

Self-adaptive systems are systems that automatically adapt in response to environmental and internal changes, such as possible failures and variations in resource availability. Such systems are often realized by a MAPE-K feedback loop, where Monitor, Analyze, Plan and Execute components have access to a runtime model of the system and environment which is kept in the Knowledge component. In order to provide guarantees on the correctness of a self-adaptive system at runtime, the MAPE-K feedback loop needs to be extended with assurance techniques. To address this issue, we propose a coordinated actor-based approach to build a reusable and scalable model@runtime for self-adaptive systems in the... 

Hardware Trojans are one of the serious threats with detrimental, irreparable effects on the functionality, security, and performance of digital integrated circuits. It is difficult to detect Trojans because of their diversity in size and performance. While the majority of current methods focus on Trojan detection during chip testing, run-time techniques can be employed to gain unique advantages. This paper proposes a method based on the online scalable detection technique, which eliminates the need for a reference chip. Involving local detectors, this technique assesses the variations in the logical values of each node to find out whether there are Trojans. This method excludes time and... 

Mobile ad hoc networks allow to create very dynamic communication systems, which are independent from any fixed infrastructure. One of the most important issues regarding the management of an ad hoc network is the configuration of the system according to the way users move. Since a centralized control structure does not exist, we need to determine how the IP addresses must be assigned to the nodes in the network. In this paper we add a security mechanism to VASM protocol based on zero knowledge approach. A hash function has very low running time. So this so this scheme is very light-weight. The VASM protocol uses coordinate value of point in main address sheet for generating addresses. The... 

This paper presents a novel automatic debugging algorithm for a postsynthesis combinational arithmetic circuit. The approach is robust under wide varieties of arithmetic circuit architectures and design optimizations. The debugging algorithm in this paper consists of three phases of partial product initialization, xor extraction, and carry-signal mapping. The run-time complexity of conventional carry-signal-mapping algorithms, such as the approach described by Stoffel and Kunz, is exponential. However, in the proposed algorithm, by making use of some important design issues, we categorize the extracted xors into half/full-adders to make a very fast debugging algorithm. This approach is... 

One important problem proposed recently in the field of web mining is website classification problem. The complexity together with the necessity to have accurate and fast algorithms yield to many attempts in this field, but there is a long way to solve these problems efficiently, yet. The importance of the problem encouraged us to work on a new approach as a solution. We use the content of web pages together with the link structure between them to improve the accuracy of results. In this work we use Naïve-bayes models for each predefined webpage class and an extended version of Hidden Markov Model is used as website class models. A few sample websites are adopted as seeds to calculate... 

Many-cores execute a large number of diverse applications concurrently. Inter-Application interference can lead to a security threat as timing channel attack in the on-chip network. A non-interference communication in the shared on-chip network is a dominant necessity for secure many-core platforms to leverage the concepts of the cloud and embedded system-on-chip. The current non-interference techniques are limited to static scheduling and need router modification at micro-Architecture level. Mapping of applications can effectively determine the interference among applications in on-chip network. In this work, we explore non-interference approaches through run-Time mapping at software and... 

In this work, we address peak power and maximum temperature in multi-core Mixed-Criticality (MC) systems. In these systems, a rise in peak power consumption may generate more heat beyond the cooling capacity. Additionally, the reliability and timeliness of MC systems may be affected due to excessive temperature. Therefore, managing peak power consumption has become imperative in multi-core MC systems. In this regard, we propose an online peak power management heuristic for multi-core MC systems. This heuristic reduces the peak power consumption of the system as much as possible during runtime by exploiting dynamic slack and Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling (DVFS). Specifically, our... 

Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) employ a significant amount of SRAM cells in order to provide a flexible routing architecture. While this flexibility allows for a rather easy realization of arbitrary functionality, the respectively required cells significantly increase the area and power consumption of the FPGA. At the same time, it can be observed that full routing flexibility is frequently not needed in order to efficiently realize the desired functionality. In this work, we are proposing an FPGA realization which focuses on what is needed and realizes only a subset of the possible routing options using what we call Turn-Restricted Switch-Boxes. While this may yield a slight... 

Edit distance and longest common subsequence are among the most fundamental problems in combinatorial optimization. Recent developments have proven strong lower bounds against subquadratic time solutions for both problems. Moreover, the best approximation factors for subquadratic time solutions have been limited to 3 for edit distance and super constant for longest common subsequence. Improved approximation algorithms for these problems1 are some of the biggest open questions in combinatorial optimization. In this work, we present improved algorithms for both edit distance and longest common subsequence. The running times are truly subquadratic, though we obtain 1 + o(1) approximate... 

In modern multi-core Mixed-Criticality (MC) systems, a rise in peak power consumption due to parallel execution of tasks with maximum frequency, specially in the overload situation, may lead to thermal issues, which may affect the reliability and timeliness of MC systems. Therefore, managing peak power consumption has become imperative in multi-core MC systems. In this regard, we propose an online peak power and thermal management heuristic for multi-core MC systems. This heuristic reduces the peak power consumption of the system as much as possible during runtime by exploiting dynamic slack and per-cluster Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling (DVFS). Specifically, our approach examines...