Sharif Digital Repository

The present research investigates the conjunction of two areas of pricing and negotiation techniques to find a relationship between price and other key factors such as quality, quantity, time, etc. and observe the overall effect of these factors on how to design and implement negotiations over price in B2B environment. The research presents a model to describe the process of negotiation and applies quantitative methods to rank negotiable scenarios. This set of scenarios, then is sorted in a triangular model of negotiation strategy and is used as a roadmap for negotiation. Furthermore, researcher evaluates effective tactics and their implementation to drive negotiation sessions based on... 

The purpose of this research is to determine and measure the mechanisms which cause an increase in pace, scope and intensity of organizational learning at schoolsand four levels are defined in it for learning concept at a high school: beginner, struggling, developed and learning. Having learning capacity increased, the school upgrades to another level. The features of organizational learning are different at each one of the above cited levels. At the beginner level, learning takes place little by little and at a very low pace, and its effect is observable as professional transformation of the organization members. At higher levels, it occurs at a higher rate and enjoys a wider scope and... 

An increasing important issue faced by Iranian labor market at the current decade is the job positions which have been occupying by workers who are not match for them. Over the recent past years the supply of college educated labor has experienced a significant increase, while the demand side of the market has shrunk because of low economic growth. This study intends to examine intensity of the over-education on the individuals’ wage By making two alternative definitions for overeducaion namely; realized match and job analysis. To this end we use households’ income and expenditure survey for 2001, 2005, 2009 and 2012 in rural and urban areas. Theoretical background is based on the Duncan and... 

“Progress” is among most frequently used terms in the past few centuries in public discussions, scientific communities as well as economic and sociopolitical policy making. This term has been used in our daily conversations so frequently that it seems to become an intrinsic goal for human beings. However, even a short survey of the introduced meanings of and suggested approaches to achieve “progress” during the last four centuries - since the term was first used- demonstrates that we are faced with a multitude of views from the different - and sometimes contradictory - schools of thoughts. Unfortunately, in recent decades, despite our national desire to “progress”, we have not yet thought... 

In this research, we have investigated the development of algebraic reasoning in school mathematics education. For this purpose, beside expressing the exact definition of algebraic reasoning and main components of that, which are effective in development and promotion of algebraic reasoning are examinated. In the next step, we study ways which china and Singapore are dealing with algebraic reasoning in the curriculum. Based on this components we have prepared a questionnaire and distributed among 86 students from different schools. Our findings show while initial steps for learning algebra are taken in our education system but still student have a lot of problems for transition from... 

The construction industry is one of the most important economic sectors, which shares a major part of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and employment. In Iran many development projects are designed and implemented annually which billions of Rials are due as a result of construction and operation for executive bodies. The Organization for Development, Renovation and Equipping Schools (ODRES) as the executive branch of the Ministry of Education, is one of the largest construction bodies which undertakes construction of hundreds of educational, cultural and athletic projects annually. Given that the project delivery methods and the need to choose the correct method of contract payments exerts great... 

After school tutoring education is a concept that varies widely between countries. Evidence suggests that one of the factors explaining this difference is the existence of competitive tests. There is also evidence for Iran that, because of the existence of competitive test of the national entrance exam, a large percentage of Iranian families use after school tutoring to their children get a successful result in this exam. But the question is how much after school tutoring is effective? The answer to this question is important because if after school tutoring is effective, low-income families are expected to be unable to provide such training, and the national entrance exam will prevent... 

The government in special schools tries to offer a higher quality of education than public schools, and get less tuition than private schools. If the achievements of these schools are positive, it can be expanded as a supportive policy for low-income families in order to raise the educational skills of deprived students. This study conducted on the basis of data from an internet-based survey, in which 130,000 volunteers, which were enrolled in the National university entrance examinations in 1389, answered the questionnaire. By using the propensity score matching method, assumed that the unobservable variables for the two groups, one is enrolled in a special school and the other is enrolled... 

Today with the development of big cities and also increase in the population, the problem of school routing problem and drivers rout is in essential importance. In this research first literature review is completed on the subject of routing problems to find research gaps, and then a model and algorithm based on time and traffic will be presented. It has to be noticed that, we consider assumption to simulate the real-world problem. In the second phase of research all of the model components will be introduced, and then we will solve the short version of the problem with GAMS exact algorithms. Solution based on GAMS also will be presented at the end of this phase, and the results will be... 

Emphasis on the expansion of education in Iran's development strategy and increasing demand for higher education in the 2000s required the country to develop higher educational institutes. Unprecedented growth of these institutes in the second half of 2000s was so vast that in 2008 all the counties in Iran had at least one institute. These institutes were established even in the smallest counties in order to solve the problem of transportation for its settlers, and on the other hand, developing higher education institutes in larger cities resulted in an increase in the acceptance rate of these institutes and their accessibility for the people. Moreover, lower accessibility to higher... 

Schools are known as the educational infrastructure of countries. Most people in the community spend more than 12 years of their education in schools. The organization for development, renovation, and equipping of in Iran, as the custodian of school construction in the country, has moved towards using new technologies due to the problems encountered in schools' construction. Among these tools, BIM is selected to help project management and control. For BIM implementation on the macro scale, readiness assessment plays a significant role. In this dissertation, an attempt has been made to provide a model for evaluating the needs, use BIM, and evaluate the organization by having a strategic... 

Can economics be a value-free science? The issue of values in science is a topic of discussion in the philosophy of science, and obviously in the social sciences, especially in economics, this issue becomes more controversial. Throughout the history of economics, these controversies have been the source of challenging debates among economists, philosophers, and sociologists. This question is still posed to philosophers and social scientists. Certainly, the answer to this question will have methodological implications. The issue of values has been an issue for economists from the very beginning of the Austrian school of economics. This dissertation deals with a view presented by a group of... 

This thesis aims to assess the seismic risk of the community of schools with masonry buildings in the Tehran metropolitan in the next 50 years and to prioritize the buildings of this community for seismic retrofit based on the optimal mitigation of risk of the community. Tehran is among the largest cities with the highest level of seismic risk in the world, and Masonry buildings are among the structures with poor seismic performance; Therefore, it is essential to conduct a comprehensive and accurate evaluation of the seismic risk of schools, as one of the most critical and sensitive occupancies, in this region and with this type of structure. It is also very beneficial to reduce the seismic... 

All the main knowledge currents —from the humanities to the experimental sciences— consider themselves explicitly or implicitly indebted to Neo-Kantianism, an approach that, by removing the sensory-material component from the production of reality, prevented the entry of all accidental and unexpected elements into the various fields of human knowledge and gave a not very productive peace to the European world: the peace that came to Europe not only in experimental sciences but also in politics and economy, but it made the existence of Europe weak and sterile. This is the judgment that I have tried to make as far as I can to show what fate the acceptance of Neo-Kantianism brings to man. The... 

In the past two decades, there have been significant advancements in responsible management education at the international level. These developments have led to new discourses and pathways in the field of management education and research. Responsible Management Education (RME) involves considering perspectives related to the responsibilities of enterprises, the social impacts of private sector activities on society, attention to the environment and sustainable development, and business ethics in the curriculum of business schools. Business schools worldwide have initiated numerous programs, studies, initiatives, lessons, and events to address social issues, responsible management, and...