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    Characterization and Modeling of Heavy Oil Fields Using Artificial Neural Networks to Optimize Horizontal Wells Selection

    , Ph.D. Dissertation Sharif University of Technology Al Ali, Najeh (Author) ; Pishvaie, Mahmoud Reza (Supervisor) ; Taghi Khani, Vahid (Supervisor) ; Buzorgmehri, Ramin (Co-Advisor)
    Abstract
    Steam-Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) is one of the best and the most effective methods of enhanced oil recovery (EOR) which is used in the production from Heavy Oil Reservoirs which constitute large amount of oil throughout the globe. In a typical process of SAGD, steam is injected into a horizontal well and the oil is produced several meters deeper in the ground. In order to increase the Recovery of this process, it is better to review on the Pre-heating methods around the injecting and producing wells. Pre-heating is important when the viscosity of the oil is large enough to prevent oil from any motion at the beginning of the SADG operation, and makes it necessary to to use a Pre-heating... 

    Simulator Development for Thermal Operation (Pre-heating) of SAGD Techniques

    , M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology Jafarpour, Mahshid (Author) ; Pishvaie, Mahmoud Reza (Supervisor) ; Bozorgmehri, Ramin (Supervisor)
    Abstract
    This work describes the use of a two-dimensional numerical simulator for Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) using the model proposed by Coats et al with some improvements. Despite the Coats model this developed model accounts for capillary and gravity effects in the energy equation with a variable thermal conductivity of the formation. First, a sensitivity analysis is performed for SAGD process. Then, the simulator is used to describe the pre-heating process preceding SAGD. We studied two methods of preheating process and found that there exists an optimum method of preheating for any reservoir. We concluded that longer preheating period does not necessarily yield a faster recovery  

    Application of fast-SAGD in naturally fractured heavy oil reservoirs: A case study

    , Article SPE Middle East Oil and Gas Show and Conference, MEOS, Proceedings, Manama ; Volume 3 , March , 2013 , Pages 1946-1953 ; 9781627482851 (ISBN) Hemmati Sarapardeh, A ; Hashemi Kiasari, H ; Alizadeh, N ; Mighani, S ; Kamari, A ; Baker Hughes ; Sharif University of Technology
    2013
    Abstract
    Steam injection process has been considered for a long time as an effective method to exploit heavy oil resources. Over the last decades, Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) has been proved as one of the best steam injection methods for recovery of unconventional oil resources. Recently, Fast-SAGD, a modification of the SAGD process, makes use of additional single horizontal wells alongside the SAGD well pair to expand the steam chamber laterally. This method uses fewer wells and reduces the operational cost compared to a SAGD operation requiring paired parallel wells one above the other. The efficiency of this new method in naturally fractured reservoir is not well understood.... 

    The effect of geometrical properties of reservoir shale barriers on the performance of Steam-assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD)

    , Article Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization and Environmental Effects ; Volume 34, Issue 23 , 2012 , Pages 2178-2191 ; 15567036 (ISSN) Fatemi, S. M ; Sharif University of Technology
    Abstract
    Many bitumen reservoirs contain shale layers of varying thickness, lateral extent, and frequency. These shale layers, depending on their size, vertical and horizontal locations, and continuity throughout the reservoir, may act as a flow barrier and severely reduce vertical permeability of the pay zone and slow down the steam-assisted gravity drainage steam chamber development. Therefore, to improve productivity in these reservoirs, understanding of the effects of reservoir heterogeneities has become necessary. This work presents numerical investigation of the effects of shale barriers on steam-assisted gravity drainage performance when applied to produce mobile heavy oil. The most concern of... 

    Investigation of the effect of geometrical properties of networked fractures on the efficiency of steam-assisted gravity drainage process

    , Article Petroleum Science and Technology ; Volume 29, Issue 16 , Jul , 2011 , Pages 1625-1636 ; 10916466 (ISSN) Fatemi, S. M ; Kharrat, R ; Vossoughi, S ; Sharif University of Technology
    2011
    Abstract
    Various fracture geometrical properties such as orientation, extension, discontinuity, dispersion, location, and networking were investigated. Results indicate improved oil recovery and sweep efficiency in the presence of vertical fractures. Longer vertical fractures seemed to have even more beneficial effects. Horizontal fractures revealed detrimental effects on oil recovery and the performance became worse for longer horizontal fractures. Discontinuous horizontal fractures caused a better performance especially when combined with continuous vertical fractures (networking). Vertical fractures helped the growth of the steam chamber in the vertical direction, which resulted in higher oil... 

    The applicability of expanding solvent steam-assisted gravity drainage (ES-SAGD) in fractured systems

    , Article Petroleum Science and Technology ; Volume 28, Issue 18 , Oct , 2010 , Pages 1906-1918 ; 10916466 (ISSN) Fatemi, S. M ; Sharif University of Technology
    2010
    Abstract
    The aim of this contribution is to evaluate the performance of an expanding solvent steam assisted gravity drainage (ES-SAGD) process in naturally fractured systems. Steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) and ES-SAGD processes have been investigated in both conventional and fractured reservoir models and the effect of networked fractures on the recovery mechanism and performance of ES-SAGD has been investigated. Operational parameters such as steam quality, vertical distances between wells, and steam injection temperature have been also evaluated. Finally, to study the effect of a well's horizontal offset, a staggered ES-SAGD well configuration has been compared to a stacked ES-SAGD  

    Neural Network Meta-Modeling of Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage Oil recovery processes

    , Article Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering ; Volume 29, Issue 3 , Summer , 2010 , Pages 109-122 ; 10219986 (ISSN) Najeh, A ; Pishvaie, M. R ; Vahid, T ; Sharif University of Technology
    2010
    Abstract
    Production of highly viscous tar sand bitumen using Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) with a pair of horizontal wells has advantages over conventional steam flooding. This paper explores the use of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) as an alternative to the traditional SAGD simulation approach. Feed forward, multi-layered neural network meta-models are trained through the Back-Error-Propagation (BEP) learning algorithm to provide a versatile SAGD forecasting and analysis framework. The constructed neural network architectures are capable of estimating the recovery factors of the SAGD production as an enhanced oil recovery method satisfactorily. Rigorous studies regarding the hybrid... 

    A new semi-analytical modeling of steam-assisted gravity drainage in heavy oil reservoirs

    , Article Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering ; Volume 69, Issue 3-4 , 2009 , Pages 261-270 ; 09204105 (ISSN) Alali, N ; Pishvaie, M. R ; Jabbari, H ; Sharif University of Technology
    Abstract
    Thermal recovery by steam injection has proven to be an effective means of recovering heavy oil. Forecasts of reservoir response to the application of steam are necessary before starting a steam drive project. Thermal numerical models are available to provide forecasts. However, these models are expensive and consume a great deal of computer time. An alternative to numerical modeling is to use a semi-analytical model. The objective of the current study was to investigate thermal applications of horizontal wells for displacement and gravity drainage processes using analytical modeling as well as reservoir simulation. The main novelties presented in the paper are: a) the transient temperature... 

    Simulation study of Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) in fractured systems

    , Article Oil and Gas Science and Technology ; Volume 64, Issue 4 , 2009 , Pages 477-487 ; 12944475 (ISSN) Fatemi, S. M ; Sharif University of Technology
    2009
    Abstract
    The Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) process, a developed Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) process to recover oil and bitumen, has been studied theoretically and experimentally in conventional reservoirs and models and is found a promising EOR method for certain heavy oil reservoirs. In this work simulation studies of the SAGD process were made on different fractured models consisting of fractures in both Near Well Region (NWR) and Above Well Region (AWR) and even in the presence of networked fractures. At early stage of the SAGD process in fractured system, steam moves through the fractures first and then the matrix blocks are heated primarily by conduction and possibly some steam... 

    A fully implicit single phase T-H-M fracture model for modelling hydraulic fracturing in oil sands

    , Article Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology ; Volume 43, Issue 6 , 2004 , Pages 35-44 ; 00219487 (ISSN) Pak, A ; Chan, D. H ; Sharif University of Technology
    Society of Petroleum Engineers (SPE)  2004
    Abstract
    Enhancing oil extraction from oil sands with a hydraulic fracturing technique has been widely used in practice. Due to the complexity of the actual process, modelling of hydraulic fracturing is far behind its application. Reproducing the effects of high pore pressure and high temperature, combined with, complex stress changes in the oil sand reservoir, requires a comprehensive numerical model which is capable of simulating the fracturing phenomenon. To capture all of these aspects in the problem, three partial differential equations, i.e., equilibrium, flow, and heat transfer, should be solved simultaneously in a fully implicit (coupled) manner. A fully coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical...