Sharif Digital Repository

In this project, modification of reverse osmosis membrane was investigated in order to reduce the biofouling in treatment of brackish water. Furthermore, the technique which is used to attain the favorable results is graft polymerization to modify the membrane’s surface with grafting acrylic acid as hydrophilic monomer onto polyamide exploited as last layer in reverse osmosis membrane. This technique is a free radical grafting, andfree radicals which are needed for grafting are provided by the redox system potassium persulfate-sodium metabisulfite which was used as initiator. To figure out the best concentration of acrylic acid, initiator and process time in order to achieve a new membrane... 

3D bioprinting is an additive manufacturing method that facilitates the deposition of the desired cells and biomaterials at any pre-defined location. This technique also enables control over the internal structure and external dimensions of printed constructs. Among various biomaterials used as bioinks, the bioinks derived from decellularized extracellular matrixes (dECMs) have attracted significant attention due to their bioactivity and being a rich source of biochemical cues. Here in this study, the decellularized amnion membrane (dAM) has been selected as the main component of the bioink formulation because of its biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, antibacterial property, abundance,... 

Today reverse osmosis (RO) is the dominant technology for desalination. Most of commercially available RO membranes are polyamide thin film composite (TFC) types which exhibit good performance. However, the major obstacle for application of polyamide TFC RO membranes is fouling which can be mitigate by surface modification.In this research, surface modification of fabricated aromatic polyamide TFC RO membranes was carried out using UV-initiated graft polymerization at different irradiation times (15, 30, 60, and 90 s) and various acrylamide concentrations (10, 20, and 30 g/L). Also, coating of membranes surface with various concentrations of TiO2 nanoparticles (10, 20, 30, and 50 ppm)... 

In recent years, much attention has been paid to the development of biofunctionalized nanoparticles with special magnetic properties for using in clinical imaging. Targeted magnetic materials with high MRI signal intensity can be used in tissue imaging and molecular and cellular detection as valuable tools. The aim of this study has been to synthesize the nanocomposite including the functional gadolinium oxide (Gd2O3) nanoaprticles for MRI contrast agent. Synthesis and in-situ surface modification of ultrasmall Gd2O3 nanoparticles (2.5nm) with PVP was performed by a microwave modified polyol in 5 min. The structure and size of synthesized nanoparticles were studied using X-ray diffraction... 

Recently, preparation of biofunctionalized nanoparticles with specific magnetic properties has received great attention for medical imaging. Targeting magnetic nanoparticles with high signal in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) could be a powerful tissue imaging and cellular tracking agent. Main purpose of this research is the synthesis of Mn3O4@polymer composite nanoparticles as a positive MRI contrast agent. Nanoparticles were prepared by modified microwavepolyol and precipitation method with average particle size of 18 and 3nm.Respectivelythe effect of diffrent parameters such as time, surfactant and the presence of water in polyol method and the amount ofpolyethylene glycol as surfactant... 

It is necessary to monitor pollutants in aquatic samples, because many of these compounds can pose threats to human health and the ecosystem. Separation technology based on magnetic materials has received considerable attention in recent years. The magnetic extraction method is not only convenient, economical and highly efficient, but it also overcomes problems with conventional solid-phase extraction. In order to remove anionic dyes from single and ternary systems, zinc ferrite nanoparticle was synthesized using co-precipitation method and its surface was modified by Cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) cationic surfactant. Surface characteristics of ZFN-CTAB was studied using Fourier... 

In this study the effect of nanoparticles on the mass transfer of dispersed phase in the liquid-liquid extraction systems, containing toluene with acetic acid as dispersed phase and saturated water of toluene as continues phase was investigated. For the ease of dispersion of nanoparticles in nonpolar organic dispersed phase, with the use of a novel method, hydrophobic tiania nanoparticles were synthesized and during producing with the sole-gel method were modified by adding Tetraethyl Ortho titanate as modifying agent, also the smallest hydrophobic nanoparticles of magnetite were synthesized by co-precipitating method and then, under optimum thermal condition were coated by adding Oleic... 

Chitosan is a biocompatible and biopolymer with unique characteristics. Nanodiamonds that are basically carbon based nanoparticle have excellent mechanical, thermal stability biocompatibility bahviors. Combination of these two materials helps to the advantage of all the desirable features of both material and compensate low mechanical properties and strength of chitosan. In this study, we examine the composition of different percentages of nanodiamonds in chitosan and effect of modification on properties of the nanocomposites. The thermal behaviour, swelling behaviour and water contact angle of different nanocomposites were analyzed. Finally, to determine the distribution of the... 

Bio-based shape memory polymers with fast-response have high potential for use in medical applications. In this study, biocompatible and biodegradable nanocomposites based on shape memory polyurethane acrylates (SMPUA)/cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), were synthesized by in-situ polymerization. CNC is a natural and renewable nanoparticle that has been considered for medical applications due to its excellent mechanical and biological properties and surface chemistry. At the first phase of this study, in order to synthesize UV-curable shape memory polyurethane acrylate, polycaprolactone diol (PCL-Diol), hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) and hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) were used as an reactive... 

In this study, the influence of multi wall carbon nanotube on the thermal properties and microstructure of open cell flexible polyurethane (PU) foam was investigated. To do this untreated CNT (named here n-CNT) along with three different highly functionalized CNTs having carboxyl, hydroxyl and amide functional groups, abbreviated here by CNT-COOH, CNT-OH and CNT-NH-COR, respectively, were employed. A series of PU foam with and without CNTs (both treated and untreated ones) were prepared by cast molding. Prior molding, the CNTs (0.1 wt% loading) were first dispersed into the polyol (Mw = 3000 g/mol and OH No. 56) and then the mixture was subsequently added to the isocynate (TDI). The SEM... 

Surface modification of thin-film composite (TFC) polyamide reverse osmosis membrane was carried out using CO2-laser irradiation and Dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma to improve performance and antifouling properties of the prepared RO membranes. Firstly, TFC polyamide RO membranes were synthesized via interfacial polymerization of trimesoyl chloride (TMC) and m-phenylenediamine (MPD) monomers over porous polysulfone ultrafiltration support. Next, CO2-laser irradiation with 10,000-40,000 pulses and DBD plasma with 15, 30, 60 and 90 seconds duration were used for the surface modification. The surface properties were characterized by ATR-FTIR, SEM, AFM, and contact angle measurements.... 

In this study, surface modification of Thin-film composite (TFC) membranes was performed in order to enhancement of its performance and chlorine resistance. TFC membranes was prepared through the interfacial polymerization between m-phenylenediamine (MPD) and trimesoyl chloride (TMC) on the polysulphone support membrane and surface modification performed through redox initiated graft polymerization of acrylic amide followed by acrylic acid. The successful surface modification of TFC membranes was evident from attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), contact angle (θ), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM). Changes in... 

Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is one of the most important organosilicon elastomers. This polymer has a wide application such as medical engineering due to the unique characteristics, variety and ease of manufacture. Nowadays, the use of nanoparticles such as carbon nanotubes for improving the properties of elastomers is highly regarded owing to the fact that the improvement of properties such as mechanical properties broadens the applications of PDMS. Diamond nanoparticles has been the focus of numerous researchers in the past decade. In fact, nanodiamond has a good mechanical abrasion and thermal properties. In addition, the investigations proved that the nanoparticle is valuable in terms of... 

Surface modification is an important property of nano particles. In this project surface of silica nano particles modified with hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups to imrprove surface activity of nano particles. Purpose of this project is to study surface activity of surface modified silica nano particles in different temperatures from 20 to 70 degree centigrade. Also effect of salt and time on the surface activity is studied. At first nano particles modified just with haydrophobic groups and then just with hydrophilic groups (hydrophobic and hydrophilic nano particles) and after that, the surface modification done with both hyadrophilic and hydrophobic groups (amphiphilic nanoparticles).... 

In this study, modification of Polyvinylidene fluoride membrane in order to reduce membrane fouling in membrane bioreactors is investiged. To achieve this goal, chemical modification and grafting methods were used. Initially, by chemical modification, the reaction was made to make hydroxyl groups on the membrane surface. The hydroxyl functional groups were used as a site for connecting of subsequent monomers. Finally, the lysozyme enzyme was used as the main modifier to improve the hydrophilicity and antibacterial properties of the membrane surface. To evaluate the performance of the modified membrane in comparison with the pristine membrane, different tests, such as water contact angle... 

In the first stage of this research, different amounts of glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPS) were grafted as a coupling agent on the surface of nanosilica particles (NS). Surface characterization was done by Particle Size Analyzer and Thermal Gravimetric Analyzer (TGA) and that way, samples were distinguished from each other. More comparisons were taken by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Then the different amounts of modified NS were added into the matrix of an epoxy resin and the physical and mechanical properties of samples were tested with Abrasion Resistance test, Tensile Strength test, Thermal Mechanical Analysis (TMA),... 

One of the most efficient and effective methods of water and wastewater treatment is the use of membranes and can be a good alternative to traditional methods such as adsorption, chemical coagulation and .... One of the limitations of this method is membrane fouling, which limits its use in industry.In this study, ultrafiltration membrane made by phase inversion method from a combination of PVDF and SPES polymers and surface modified with hyperbranched polyethylene imine and its performance in cationic coating paint purification was investigated. Also, the performance of this membrane has been investigated by calculating the separation rate, pure water flux, contact angle and specifications...