Sharif Digital Repository

The accessibility of broadband Internet to home users has pushed video broadcasting applications up in the list of the most favorite IP-based applications. A Peer-to-Peer overlay network is an attractive foundation for video streaming as it can shift the burden of content distribution from the network routers and servers to the clients. However, live Peer-to-Peer media streaming systems face many challenges such as bandwidth heterogeneity, node churn, and selfish nodes. Although many tree based and mesh based streaming protocols have been proposed, each has its own drawbacks such as unreliability and unfairness in the tree based and long startup delay and complex scheduling in mesh based... 

The accessibility of broadband Internet to home users has pushed video broadcasting applications up, in the list of most favorite applications in todays Internet. Such applications involve delivering the data which generated in a single sender to a set of users which are scattered around the world. While it was formerly believed that the IP-Multicasting is the mean to provide this kind of services, the trend has altered to the use of Application Layer Multicasting techniques due to their deployment simplicty. Since their advent, Peer to Peer applications has mitigated many problems previously unsolved in the field of communication. File sharing, distributed file systems, distributed data... 

The emerging peer-to-peer (P2P) networks become more popular among researchers in different applications such as file sharing, and video streaming. Since various P2P networks provide high performance and scalable interaction among peers, they are very efficient in designing distributed multimedia applications such as live streaming, IPTV, VoIP, and multimedia broadcasting. In order to improve the network throughput and downloading performance of P2P networks for multimedia streaming, network coding is a technique which can be used for these purposes. In this thesis, we propose a peer-to-peer (P2P) video streaming protocol which presents an implementation of network coding technique. The... 

Internet video networks have already attracted millions of Internet users, and Internet video is one of the fast growing Internet services. The peer-to-peer (P2P) network is an efficient solution to supporting large scale video streaming on the Internet. P2P networks can deliver live multimedia content to millions of users with low cost at any time, and at anywhere they want. In this thesis, we investigate solutions to enhancing the performance of the unstructured mesh-based. Locality awareness or network proximity is one of the essential characteristics of P2P networks. In live P2P video streaming we face to some challenges like bandwidth heterogeneity of peers, and peer churn. In the P2P... 

The improvments in computer networks and video compression techniques have motivated the network engineers to broadcast video over the Internet. Recently, Peer-to-Peer networks have been considered as a suitable way for video streaming. P2P networks are distributed and there’s no central management mechanism in them. In addition, video has a time-sensitive nature. Therefore, these networks are vulnerable to security attacks. Denial of Service attacks, attacks on the membership management mechanism, attacks on neighbors selection mechanism, selfish nodes and content pollution attacks are common attack on Peer-to-Peer Video Streaming networks. In a content pollution attack, one or several... 

Information Technology In the recent years, Peer-to-Peer Networking and Applications has received significant attention from both the Internet users and research area. One of the most successful Applications of P2P networks is streaming the video which is applicable in Internet TV. On the other hand, Complex networks describe a wide range of networked systems in technology, nature and society, such as Internet, WWW networks, P2P networks, biological networks and social interactions.In this thesis we focus on mesh-pull based streaming networks and our goal is to propose a complex network model for such a P2PIPTV topology. To reach to this aim we consider the microscopic processes on each node... 

Nowadays peer-to-peer networks are more popular than the client server model. Distributed manner of peers cooperation can decrease the heavy overhead of the server and all peers act both as clients and servers. Peer-to-peer networks have two famous structures called tree and mesh. Tree overlay has some challenges such as resiliency problems caused by peer churns and the leaf nodes that cannot use their upload bandwidth. Mesh overlay has does not have such problems, but it has a high delivery latency and overhead caused by pull mechanism. Using a hybrid mesh/tree overlay offers a push-pull approach and leads to using the advantages of both overlays simultaneously. Also in peer-to-peer... 

IP multicasting, content distribution networks (CDN) and recently P2P streaming systems are the main scalable methods that have been researched. IP multicasting has not been activated in service provider networks due to some fundamental deployment problems and CDNs require the deployment of a large number of servers throughout the Internet. Pure P2P architecture is a more challenging approach for constant quality and continuous video streaming due to the churn nature and limited resource of the Internet peers. Therefore, we design a hybrid architecture for large-scale video streaming applications that combine an infrastructure of CDNs with the P2P network. Unlike previous work, in... 

In recent years peer-to-peer video streaming systems have become the major alternative for traditional client-server models, and several P2P streaming applications have attracted a large number of users on the Internet. In a mesh based P2P streaming architecture a video stream is portioned into video blocks and each peer pulls these video blocks from its neighbors. Since the uplink bandwidth of each peer is its main constraint in transmission video blocks, efficient block scheduling can play an important role in improving the perceived video quality by peers. Moreover, the granularity of video blocks can have a significant impact on the performance of the system. In this thesis, we propose... 

Streaming video over the Internet has become popular in recent years. There are also popular solutions for data delivery, but these approaches are very inflexible and unpleasant because no appropriate error recovery technique isprovided in the application level of these systems for multimedia contents. In the past few years numerous error resilience Peer-to-Peer (P2P) systems have been introduced but still there is no fully dynamic error recovery technique. In this thesisthe researcher proposed a frame-based hybrid FEC-ARQ (Forward Error Correction – Automatic Repeat request) error recovery in Variable Bit Rate (VBR) video streams based on the network situation in a way that before... 

Due to the expansion of Data Networks and the ubiquity of high speed Internet, new services especially multimedia services have become more popular. Video streaming is one such service, but video data are quite bulky and need to be compressed for transmission since the network has limited bandwidth. This compression is achieved through a video encoder, such as H.264, which is currently the most advanced video encoder. In addition, the network introduces lag in the form of packet loss, delay and jitter which adversely affect real-time video applications.
In this thesis, we try to answer the following question in the context of a video streaming application: what encoding parameters should... 

Nowadays, deployment of peer-to-peer video streaming systems over wireless mesh networks has attained increasing popularity among a large number of users around the world. In this thesis, we present an efficient peer-to-peer live video streaming architecture over multi-hop wireless mesh networks. In our proposed architecture, we take the physical topology of the network into account and based on a distributed locality-aware neighbor selection algorithm in the overlay construction phase, we generate an efficient mesh-based overlay on top of wireless mesh networks. In locality-aware neighbor selection algorithm, instead of choosing randomly, peers find their best neighbors based on their... 

Since the contribution bandwidth of each CDN (Content Delivery Network) node and also each peer are limited, optimal allocation of their bandwidth to their partners is an interesting issue. In this work, an efficient resource allocation algorithm in a hybrid CDN-P2P (Content Delivery Network- peer to peer) video streaming network has been designed and each peer will receive the video chunks with the bit rate according to the number of nodes that the peer supports. We have added this algorithm to Coolstreaming because it does not have a resource allocation mechanism. In Coolstreaming each peer when requests chunks from its neighbors, the neighbors will send the peer the requested chunks with... 

Nowadays, video streaming over peer-to-peer networks has become an interesting field to deliver video in large scale networks. As multi-channel live video streaming networks increase,distributing video with high quality among channels faces many challenges. The most significant challenges cause from frequent channel churns, unbalanced channel resources, network heterogeneity and diversity of users’ bandwidths. They include: nodes’ unstability, low users participations, large startup and playback delays, low video quality received by users and lack of resources in unpopular channels.In order to solve the above problems, we have proposed several solutions such as: 1- using distribution groups... 

In the recent years, emerging vehicular ad hoc networks offer a wide variety of applications, including safety, convenience and entertainment. One of the beneficial applications in these fields is video streaming. However, according to the features like high mobility and loss of links, establishment of video streaming which requires stringent Quality of Service is a daunting task. In this thesis, the goal is introducing approaches in two levels, one for resilient video coding and the other one for network routing. For resilient video coding, the concentration is on the scalable video coding, which supports various applications for users with different requirements. The introduced approach... 

Video communications over mobile ad hoc networks is increasingly deployable as these networks become deployed in various applications such as disaster recovery. Error-prone nature of the mobile ad hoc networks and the vulnerability of compressed video to packet losses have brought many challenges to realize video transmission over MANETs. In this thesis, it is tried to achieve a good quality of service by resilient video coding and multipath transmission over mobile ad hoc networks. To generate error resilient video, a hybrid method is used by combining scalable video coding and multiple description video coding techniques. First, the video sequence is coded to two layers and then each layer... 

3D-object modeling and its representation in computers are one of the interested fields in computer science and engineering and problems like object and environment modeling, representation, storage and physical interactions are some of the important problems in this field. Increasing the applications of the technologies like localization, machine vision and virtual reality made the 3D-object modeling and its related problems, like 3D-model extraction and reconstruction, a nowadays interested challenges and a variety of solutions such as time of flight sensors,
structured light, sonar sensors and multi-camera reconstruction are presented for it. Multi-camera solutions, just like the... 

In recent years, advances in computer technology and widespread use of computers have alleviated the wide usage of network-based services in contrast to traditional services like radio and television. These facilities made it possible to integrate various type of services with adding new features whenever is necessary.
Video has specific characteristics that its transport over the network imposes some challenges to service providers. In the literature several solutions have been offered for solving the problems of network-based video services. A set of these solutions use routers and other network assisted devices to gather information for better transportation. These router-assisted... 

The popularity of Internet-based video services has increased in recent years, while in 2017 reached nearly 70% of the total Internet traffic. Changes in network status and the problems that result in the user experience leading to poor quality of the video watching experience, online video players have been using adaptive algorithms to match the quality of the received stream to the current state of the network. Different algorithms have been proposed for optimization of matching operations, but due to the different and sometimes contradictory nature of the constituents of the quality of user experience, the priority and focus of each of these algorithms is based on different challenges... 

Peer to peer networks and especially peer to peer live video streaming systems are becoming more and more popular these days. To disseminate the video chunks in a live P2P video streaming system all users should contribute in uploading the video chunks; however there are some selfish peers who tend to download video chunks from the network while they do not upload any data to the network; these peers are called free-riders. With incorporating the incentive mechanisms in peer to peer live video streaming systems the chance of free-riders to get the full video or the video with the intended quality will be very low. In this research we propose a push-pull live video streaming system with a...