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Nowadays, cardiovascular diseases are very common and are one of the main causes of death worldwide. One major type of such diseases is the coronary artery disease (CAD). The best and most accurate method for the diagnosis of CAD is angiography, which has significant complications and costs. Researchers are, therefore, seeking novel modalities for CAD diagnosis via data mining methods. To that end, several algorithms and datasets have been developed. However, a few studies have considered the stenosis of each major coronary artery separately. We attempted to achieve a high rate of accuracy in the diagnosis of the stenosis of each major coronary artery. Analytical methods were used to... 

Reiner RC Jr, Hay SI. Mapping geographical inequalities in childhood diarrhoeal morbidity and mortality in low-income and middle-income countries, 2000–17: analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet 2020; 395: 1779–801—In this Article, the author byline has been amended to Local Burden of Disease Diarrhoea Collaborators. This correction has been made to the online version as of June 4, 2020, and the printed version is correct. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd  

One of the main causes of death the world over are cardiovascular diseases, of which coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major type. This disease occurs when the diameter narrowing of one of the left anterior descending, left circumflex, or right coronary arteries is equal to or greater than 50 percent. Angiography is the principal diagnostic modality for the stenosis of heart vessels; however, because of its complications and costs, researchers are looking for alternative methods such as data mining. This study conducts data mining algorithms on the Z-Alizadeh Sani dataset which has been collected from 303 random visitors to Tehran's Shaheed Rajaei Cardiovascular, Medical and Research... 

The most common heart disease is Coronary artery disease (CAD). CAD is one of the main causes of heart attacks and deaths across the globe. Early diagnosis of this disease is therefore, of great importance. A large number of methods have thus far been devised for diagnosing CAD. Most of these techniques have been conducted on the basis of the Irvine dataset (University of California), which not only has a limited number of features but is also full of missing values and thus lacks reliability. The present study was designed to seek a new set, free from missing values, comprising features such as the functional class, dyspnea, Q wave, ST elevation, ST depression, and T inversion. Information... 

The seismic risk framework of building structures has been presented to reduce earthquake-induced adverse consequences. In this context, probabilistic analysis of engineering demand parameters (EDPs) is always associated with many uncertainties and high computational demand for use in practical applications. This study has been presented to efficiently estimate the distribution of EDPs in probabilistic seismic risk assessment of irregular steel moment-resisting frames (SMRFs). For this purpose, the incorporation of the consistent fish-bone (CFB) model and the endurance time (ET) analysis method has been used. The proposed method (i.e., CFB-ET) has a substantial impact on reducing the... 

The seismic risk framework of building structures has been presented to reduce earthquake-induced adverse consequences. In this context, probabilistic analysis of engineering demand parameters (EDPs) is always associated with many uncertainties and high computational demand for use in practical applications. This study has been presented to efficiently estimate the distribution of EDPs in probabilistic seismic risk assessment of irregular steel moment-resisting frames (SMRFs). For this purpose, the incorporation of the consistent fish-bone (CFB) model and the endurance time (ET) analysis method has been used. The proposed method (i.e., CFB-ET) has a substantial impact on reducing the... 

The seismic risk framework of building structures has been presented to reduce earthquake-induced adverse consequences. In this context, probabilistic analysis of engineering demand parameters (EDPs) is always associated with many uncertainties and high computational demand for use in practical applications. This study has been presented to efficiently estimate the distribution of EDPs in probabilistic seismic risk assessment of irregular steel moment-resisting frames (SMRFs). For this purpose, the incorporation of the consistent fish-bone (CFB) model and the endurance time (ET) analysis method has been used. The proposed method (i.e., CFB-ET) has a substantial impact on reducing the... 

Targeted drug delivery systems using nanocarriers offer a versatile platform for breast cancer treatment; however, a robust, CD44-targeted niosomal formulation has not been developed and deeply studied (both in vitro and in vivo) yet. Here, an optimized system of epirubicin (Epi)-loaded niosomal nanoparticles (Nio) coated with hyaluronic acid (HA) has been engineered for targeting breast cancer cells. The nanoformulation was first optimized (based on size, polydispersity index, and entrapment efficiency); then, we characterized the morphology, stability, and release behavior of the nanoparticles. Epirubicin release from the HA-coated system (Epi-Nio-HA) showed a 21% (acidic buffer) and 20%... 

Currently there is no standard test collection for evaluation of Farsi information retrieval systems. In this paper we introduce Mahak, the first complete test collection generally available for evaluating Farsi information retrieval systems. In addition, we have used different methods for constructing Mahak qrels and we have compared performance of these methods  

The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 provides a rules-based synthesis of the available evidence on levels and trends in health outcomes, a diverse set of risk factors, and health system responses. GBD 2019 covered 204 countries and territories, as well as first administrative level disaggregations for 22 countries, from 1990 to 2019. Because GBD is highly standardised and comprehensive, spanning both fatal and non-fatal outcomes, and uses a mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive list of hierarchical disease and injury causes, the study provides a powerful basis for detailed and broad insights on global health trends and emerging challenges. GBD... 

Background: Combating viral hepatitis is part of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and WHO has put forth hepatitis B elimination targets in its Global Health Sector Strategy on Viral Hepatitis (WHO-GHSS) and Interim Guidance for Country Validation of Viral Hepatitis Elimination (WHO Interim Guidance). We estimated the global, regional, and national prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV), as well as mortality and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) due to HBV, as part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019. This included estimates for 194 WHO member states, for which we compared our estimates to WHO elimination targets. Methods: The primary... 

Importance: Cancer and other noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are now widely recognized as a threat to global development. The latest United Nations high-level meeting on NCDs reaffirmed this observation and also highlighted the slow progress in meeting the 2011 Political Declaration on the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases and the third Sustainable Development Goal. Lack of situational analyses, priority setting, and budgeting have been identified as major obstacles in achieving these goals. All of these have in common that they require information on the local cancer epidemiology. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study is uniquely poised to provide these crucial data.... 

Background: Accurate and up-to-date assessment of demographic metrics is crucial for understanding a wide range of social, economic, and public health issues that affect populations worldwide. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 produced updated and comprehensive demographic assessments of the key indicators of fertility, mortality, migration, and population for 204 countries and territories and selected subnational locations from 1950 to 2019. Methods: 8078 country-years of vital registration and sample registration data, 938 surveys, 349 censuses, and 238 other sources were identified and used to estimate age-specific fertility. Spatiotemporal... 

Background: In an era of shifting global agendas and expanded emphasis on non-communicable diseases and injuries along with communicable diseases, sound evidence on trends by cause at the national level is essential. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) provides a systematic scientific assessment of published, publicly available, and contributed data on incidence, prevalence, and mortality for a mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive list of diseases and injuries. Methods: GBD estimates incidence, prevalence, mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) due to 369 diseases and... 

Background: Rigorous analysis of levels and trends in exposure to leading risk factors and quantification of their effect on human health are important to identify where public health is making progress and in which cases current efforts are inadequate. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 provides a standardised and comprehensive assessment of the magnitude of risk factor exposure, relative risk, and attributable burden of disease. Methods: GBD 2019 estimated attributable mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), years of life lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 87 risk factors and combinations of risk factors, at... 

In the present work we report the enhanced UV light photocatalytic performance of cadmium titanate photocatalyst by MoO 3 for Drug pollutant degradation. The nano photocatalyst sample was synthesized employing the Pechini-ultrasonic-hydrothermal route. Therefore, the nano photocatalyst were characterized by various analytical devices. The wide scan X-ray photoelectron spectral study confirmed the MoO 3 in the CdTiO 3 matrix. The crystallite size calculated with the Debye-Scherrer equation (55.4, 57.0, 61.2 and 63.1 nm for pure CdTiO 3 , MoCdTi-0, MoCdTi-1, and MoCdTi-2 nanocomposites, respectively). SEM micrographs revealed nanowire morphology indicated the crystalline nature of the sample.... 

In this paper, a new highly convergent, efficient, and fast response control technique entitled as fuzzy-Padé control method is introduced. It provides a simple methodology to exploit the heuristic knowledge in controlling a system. Fuzzy-Padé controllers originate from a unification of heuristic knowledge expressed as the rule base, and Padé approximants. In this method, fuzzy singleton rules are used to generate the rule base. Accordingly, unknown parameters in the Padé approximant are determined using these rules. The fuzzy-Padé controllers possess certain advantages over fuzzy controllers, and they can be applied in situations where fuzzy controllers previously failed. To demonstrate the... 

The inhibition effects of 3.5 bis (2-pyridil) 4-amino 1,2,4 triazole (NBTA) and 1-10 phenantrolin (PHEN), on corrosion of mild steel in acid solutions, (sulphuric acid and hydrochloric acid) were studied. The Tafel polarisation and ac impedance techniques were employed. Results obtained reveal that both compounds are relatively good inhibitors. The inhibition efficiencies of NBTA are higher in hydrochloric acid than in sulphuric acid. This has been attributed to the synergistic effect of chloride ions present in hydrochloric acid. The mechanism of inhibition of PHEN is believed to be owing to the formation of insoluble chelates between the organic molecules and atom/ion on the metal surface.... 

The structural and computational studies of a new molybdenum tetracarbonyl complex of 5,14-dihydro-6,17-dimethyl-8,15-diphenyldibenzo[b,i]-[1,4,8,11]tetraazacyclotetradecine, a 14-membered tetraazaannulene macrocyclic ligand, Me2Ph2H2TAA, were carried out by X-ray crystallography and density functional and natural bond orbital (NBO) theories. The complex showed an interesting intermolecular C-H⋯O hydrogen bond which was supported by n → π∗ interaction, forming a one-dimensional extended chain along the b-axis. Interesting intramolecular C-H⋯π and very short σ → π∗ (C-H⋯CO) interactions stabilized the twisted geometry of the coordinated ligand. © 2019 The Royal Society of Chemistry 2019  

The structural and computational studies of a new molybdenum tetracarbonyl complex of 5,14-dihydro-6,17-dimethyl-8,15-diphenyldibenzo[b,i]-[1,4,8,11]tetraazacyclotetradecine, a 14-membered tetraazaannulene macrocyclic ligand, Me2Ph2H2TAA, were carried out by X-ray crystallography and density functional and natural bond orbital (NBO) theories. The complex showed an interesting intermolecular C-H⋯O hydrogen bond which was supported by n → π∗ interaction, forming a one-dimensional extended chain along the b-axis. Interesting intramolecular C-H⋯π and very short σ → π∗ (C-H⋯CO) interactions stabilized the twisted geometry of the coordinated ligand. © 2019 The Royal Society of Chemistry 2019