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LBM Computational Simulation of Oscillations Caused by Formation and Detachment of Drops
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Taeibi Rahni, Mohammad (Supervisor) ; Ebrahimi, Abbas (Supervisor)
Abstract
Formation and detachment of drops are of fundamental importance in studying two-phase flows, such as ink jet printing, emulsion, and spray. Drops are formed under the effects of surface tension forces. After formation, forces like gravity detach the drop from the rest of the fluid. The flow rate is varied from dripping to jetting regime. In this project, formation and detachment of drops were simulated, using LBM with phase field model, which can simulate flows with high-density ratios and is a robust method for applying wetting condition on the walls. Results were validated using single-phase and two-phase flows. After code validation, the oscillations caused by formation and detachment of...
Experimental Study of Droplet Formation in Surfactant Solution
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Firoozabadi, Bahar (Supervisor) ; Afshin, Hossein (Co-Advisor)
Abstract
Surfactants are materials that reduces surface tension, and this property has provided a wide range of applications for them. Most of the surfactants reduce surface tensions at the interface of two fluids. The pharmaceutical and food industries, detergents, cosmetics, agricultural pesticides, dye production and oil extraction are among these applications.In this study, the formation of droplets in the presence of three types of surfactants SDS, CTAB and Tween 20 has been investigated. To evaluate the droplet behavior in the presence of specific surfactants, various parameters such as formation time of the droplet, the diameter and length of the droplet formed, the diameter and length of the...
The Study of Nanoparticles on the Droplets Hydrodynamics
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Bastani, Dariush (Supervisor)
Abstract
Liquid-liquid extraction is one of the common chemical processes in the industry which its application is increasing day by day. Taking trend of increase of energy resources, chemical materials and industrial system into account, the necessity use of least energy consumption and material for achieving highest output and purity of products in different industries is attracted researches and industerialists.In this research we have studied the effect of presence of nano particles on both disperses and continuous liquids phases on hydrodynamic of deoplets specially their investigated system in this project was watter, toluene and acetone, and chosen nanoparticles wer carbon nanotubes and TiO2....
Numerical Simulation of Non-Newtonian Droplet Formation under External Electric Field in a Microfluidic Device
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Moosavi, Ali (Supervisor) ; Kazemzadeh Hannani, Siamak (Supervisor)
Abstract
Droplet formation and breakup processes are one of the important steps in many microfluidic devices with a wide range of biological and chemical applications. The purpose of this study is numerical simulation of non-Newtonian droplet formation under the influence of electric field in a microfluidic system. The innovation aspect of this project is the use of non-Newtonian fluid in this process, which, despite many applications in real issues, has been less studied, and in most of the previous researches, Newtonian fluid assumption has been used to simplify the solving. Also, simultaneously, the effects of an external electric field on this process were also studied. Carboxymethyl cellulose...
Simulation of Rapid Formation of Multicellular Spheroids in Double-emulsion Droplets with Controllable Microenvironment
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Moosavi, Ali (Supervisor) ; Sadrhosseini, Hani (Supervisor)
Abstract
This study is aimed at simulation of double emulsion formation in a microfluidic double flow focusing device which consists of two cross-junctions connected serially. The water in oil (w/o) emulsions are produced in the first junction. In the second junction, water in oil emulsions are encapsulated by an outer aqueous phase to generate water in oil in water (w/o/w) double emulsions. Water in oil emulsions are formed in hydrophobic channels and water in oil in water double emulsions are formed in hydrophilic channels. A three phase numerical model, based on the VOF-CSF method, is developed for simulating the process of double emulsion formation. An adaptive mesh refinement technique is...
CFD Simulation of Dispersed Drops in Contact with Different Coalescers for Liquid-Liquid Separation
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Farhadi, Fathollah (Supervisor)
Abstract
Liquid-Liquid coalescers are devices used for increasing the droplet size of the dispersed phase in continuous phase flow such as water droplets in oil flow. The scope of this work is a literature study on the coalescence phenomenon and CFD modeling in general. A mathematical model for simulating coalescence of water droplets in continuous oil flow by the use of different commercial coalescers. The basis for the model are plate-type coalescer and swirl-based coalescer. So, the simulations are done by Eulerian-Lagrangian method. Different aspects of the performance of the coalescers are studied on the rate of coalescence such as impact of changing droplet’s inlet diameters, impact of the...
Simulation of Droplet Sorting in Microfluidic Systems
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Mousavi, Ali (Supervisor) ; Asghari, Mohsen (Supervisor)
Abstract
A new microfluidic device is introduced for sorting the particles based on the hydrodynamic resistance induced in a microchannel which is not needed for additional detection or sorting modules. Hydrodynamic resistance affects physical properties, such as size and deformability of the particle. This device could apply application in cell sorting for remedies, diagnostics, and industrial applications. The device design is performed using an equivalent resistance model, and also numerical simulations are performed. For validation of the results, they are compared with experimental results. Moreover, we will discuss threshold particle size and will introduce a way to approximate it to ...
CFD-Modeling and Simulation of Droplets Evaporation With a Size Distribution Function
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Farhadi, Fatollah (Supervisor)
Abstract
Injecting several droplets with a known size distribution function in the hot gas environment makes droplets smaller because of evaporation or reaction. Droplets lifetime specification is important in vapor-liquid interactive processes such as chemical or process industries. In previous works, different approximate semi-empirical methods are developed to specify droplets lifetime without considering their size distribution. In this work, governing equations is studiedconsidering a size distribution function for droplets. There is not any analytical method for solving this set of equations, so numerical methods using CFD packages such as Fluent, are applicable in these cases. In this study,...
Numerical Investigation of Formation and Growth of Steam Condensing Droplets on Nanostructured Superhydrophobic Surface Using Lattice Boltzmann Method
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Moosavi, Ali (Supervisor)
Abstract
Condensation is one of the main processes in environment and engineering systems, including thermal power plants, desalination systems and air conditioners. Thus, improvement of its performance can lead to decrease of energy consumption and the resulting air pollutions. Recently, using nanotechnology and new coating methods, there have been great researches on stable superhydrophobic surfaces and using theme as condensing surfaces which because of jumping droplet phenomena can increase condensation performance. Because of the great influence of wetting and structure properties of surfaces on condensation, in this study nucleation and growth of condensing droplets on smooth and structured...
Nanoparticle Synthesis Using Droplet-based Microfluidics
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Mohammadi , Aliasghar (Supervisor) ; Molaei Dehkordi, Asghar (Co-Advisor)
Abstract
The purpose of this research is the synthesis of nanoparticles using micro fluid glass.The microfluidic glassy building is studied. Glass microfluidic microchannels making hydrophobic the continuing experiments carried out so that the water droplets in the organic phase and at the end of nanoparticles should be synthesized. Tests hydrophobic microchannels and water droplets in the organic phase was formed. In order to ensure an escape water contact angle and FTIR micro-channel test is taken and to avoid the droplets merged with each of surfactant SDS was used. In the end, DLS and FESEM nanoparticles synthesized using the tests have been evaluated and the concentrations of reactants and flow...
Phase Extraction in Segmented Flow
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Moosavi, Ali (Supervisor)
Abstract
The formation of droplets at a T-junction in a micro channel network is primarily influenced by the pressure difference across the interface in the squeezing regime. Accurate measurements of droplet velocity and pressure profiles are difficult to obtain experimentally, yet these are the basic parameters required. Droplet micro fluidics has shown great potential for biological assays, chemical reactions and polymer emulsions. High stability allows the droplets to work as stable and isolated reactors that open up for parallel and serial reactions where each droplet can be screened individually. The purpose was to fabricate such systems, establish stable droplet generation where droplet volumes...
Numerical and Analytical Investigation of Unequal Size Droplets Generation Process in Micro and Nano Channels
, Ph.D. Dissertation Sharif University of Technology ; Moosavi, Ali (Supervisor) ; Kazemzadeh Hannani, Siamak (Co-Advisor)
Abstract
In this paper, we introduced two methods for producing unequal sized droplet from an initial one that don’t have the disadvantages of the available methods. We developed a comprehensive analytical theory for the T-junction with valve method. Also the geometry was simulated using a VOF algorithm and a comparison was performed between numerical and analytical results and very good agreement was observed. The accuracy of numerical results was confirmed by doing the grid independency and time step independency and comparing the results with two analytical benchmarks. We derived accurate analytical relations for calculating the droplet volume ratio, droplet length (L1, L2 and Lwhole) and pressure...
Experimental Study on Liquid Breakup Process in Slinger Injection
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Farshchi, Mohammad (Supervisor)
Abstract
In small turbojet engines, it is important to find a suitable fuel injector with good spray quality. However, the rotating fuel injection system can potentially provide high atomization quality without the high-pressure fuel pump through the centrifugal forces of the engine shaft. The spray characteristics of rotary atomization for small gas turbines can be investigated using a high-speed camera. To analyze the breakup process of the liquid column and liquid film, spray visualization tests should performed under varied test conditions.In this research, experimental study on liquid breakup process has performed in rotary atomizer of j402 turbojet engine with the name of slinger injector, to...
Electric-field-induced Response of Charged Droplets in Uncharged Hydrogels
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Mohammadi, Ali Asghar (Supervisor)
Abstract
The electric field induced response of a charged droplet in an uncharged gel is calculated theoretically. For modeling, the gel is considered as a soft porous solid that is saturated with a Newtonian electrolyte and modeled as a continuum that contains 3 phases: a porous, soft and compressible solid, an incompressible Newtonian fluid and the ions inside fluid. Droplet is modeled as a charged incompressible Newtonian fluid immiscible with the gel. The droplet-gel interface is considered as a surface with electrostatic potential ζ . After obtaining governing equations, they solved by using perturbation methodology and linear superposition. Boundary conditions, especially at the droplet-gel...
Numerical Simulation of Forced Impregnation in a Thick Capillary Tube
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Mousavi, Ali (Supervisor)
Abstract
Drop penetration into the capillary tube, as a classical problem, has been studied over 100 years. But there are a few studies that investigate forced impregnation of capillary tubes, which has major application in coating, inkjet printing and rain drop penetration into the soil, have been made. A comprehensive numerical investigation on millimeter droplet impact dynamics on a thick capillary tube with micrometer sized pore is conducted and validated against experimental data. This work is extended to oblique impact of drops into pores and normal impact on nanoscaled pores. We apply the finite volume numerical method to solve the time-dependent governing equations of continuity, momentum in...
Experimental Investigation of Mass Transfer by Droplet Using Image Processing
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Firoozabadi, Bahar (Supervisor) ; Afshin, Hossein ($item.subfieldsMap.e)
Abstract
Wide and varied aspects of droplet motion due to its increasing application in various fields has attracted much attention. Analysis of mass transfer from the liquid drop into the other fluid, such as complex and intriguing problems in fluid mechanics, which is very important. Many experimental and numerical studies have been carried out in this case that the evelopment of laboratory equipment and software, are rapidly growing.
In this study, given the importance of this issue, experimental study on mass transfer in fluid systems solution droplet liquid - liquid extraction, have been considered. Different methods have been discussed to date. In the present study, using image processing...
In this study, given the importance of this issue, experimental study on mass transfer in fluid systems solution droplet liquid - liquid extraction, have been considered. Different methods have been discussed to date. In the present study, using image processing...
Study of the Effect of Presence of Nano- Particles on the Mass Transfer and Hydrodynamics of Drops
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Bastani, Daruoosh (Supervisor) ; Goodarznia, Iraj (Supervisor)
Abstract
Regarding to the effect of nanoparticles on mass transfer and hydrodynamics characteristics, limited number of studiesavailableinthe literature.In this work, mass transfer performanceand hydrodynamic characteristics nanofluidshavebeeninvestigated in the liquid−liquid extraction process. The chemical system of toluene-acetic acid-water was used, and two Extraction columnswith diameter of 10cm and height of 55cm and 6 cm were designed. The drops were organic nanofluids containing silica nano-particles and carbon nano-tubes.Synthesized silica nanoparticles by sol-gel methods, were modified with Triethoxyoctylsilane and Polydimethylsiloxane as well as Carbon nano-tubes were modified with dodecyl...
Analytical and Numerical Study of Dynamics of Wettability Driven Droplets in Smooth And Corrugated Channels
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Moosavi, Ali (Supervisor)
Abstract
We studied dynamics of droplets inside channels under surface forces created by chemicalsteps on the channel walls. A multi-component Shan-Chen lattice Boltzmann method isused for this purpose.The effects of parameters such as the channel height, viscosity anddensity ratios on the results were investigated for homogeneous and grooved substrates. Alsoan analytical solution was developed for droplets under chemical heterogeneities in channels with smooth surfaces. The solution considers a general condition, namely, asymmetry of the contact angles on the top and bottom walls, the viscosity of the gas as the second fluid and the effect of the channel height. Then using Shan-Chen lattice...
Topological Defects in Confined Nematics by Planar Anchoring
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Ejtehadi, Mohammad Reza (Supervisor) ; Mozaffari, Mohammad Reza (Supervisor)
Abstract
Confining nematic liquid crystal between two curved boundary conditions while the nematic molecules have a degenerate planar anchoring leads to complex and beautiful textures of molecular disparagement(defect) in the bulk and on the surfaces. Such the liquid crystal shells are made with double-emulsion techniques in microfluidic devices have provided applications for micro-scale colloidal linkers.In this work, we have numerically minimized the elastic energy in one-constant approximation in present of Fournier’s degenerate surface potential with finite element method. The nematic shell is confined between two spherical surfaces that we have studied the final energies and their related...
Numerical Modeling of Drop Formation and Deformation using the Finite Volume Method
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Firoozabadi, Bahar (Supervisor) ; Afshin, Hossein (Co-Advisor)
Abstract
Drop formation from the tip of a nozzle and its motion in bulk fluid is an interesting and practical process which has widely turned researchers’ attention. Investigation into the governing physics and effective parameters on formation, deformation and motion of a drop increases the efficiency of the related industrial processes. Thus in the present study, in order to simulate this process, full Navier-Stokes equations solved by the Volume of Fluid (VOF) method in an axisymmetric domain using Fluent software as the solver. In this research, the effects of Weber number (the proportion of inertial force to surface tension force) and Ohnesorge number (which refers to the proportion of viscous...