Sharif Digital Repository

To tackle the air pollution issues, Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) are proposed as an appropriate solution. Charging a large amount of PHEV batteries, if not controlled, would have negative impacts on the distribution system. The control process of charging of these vehicles can be centralized in parking lots that may provide a chance for better coordination than the individual charging in houses. In this paper, an optimization-based approach is proposed to determine the optimum PHEV parking capacities in candidate nodes of the distribution system. In so doing, a profile for charging and discharging of PHEVs is developed in order to flatten the network load profile. Then, this... 

Electric vehicles have been proposed as a proper replacement for fossil fuel-powered vehicles; however, due to the limited power density of electric vehicles batteries, these cars have been facing formidable challenges, such as limited traversed distance. In recent years, dynamic wireless chargers are introduced as an adequate way of addressing this problem in the hope that dealing with this issue can lead to an increase in the popularity of electric vehicles. In this paper, a design procedure for transmitter coil of a dynamic wireless electric vehicles charger is proposed. The procedure includes selecting the best possible shape and calculating optimum size of coils for proper operation of... 

This paper proposes a generalized analytical approach to evaluate the reliability of active distribution networks. The studies are implemented in the context of renewable-based energy hubs. The reliability of energy demands is determined as a function of reliability characteristics of energy hub input resources and converters as well as hub operating strategies. The framework proposed in this paper involves the main attributes of different distributed generation technologies as well as vehicle-to-grid (V2G)-capable vehicles in the reliability studies. Dealing with the uncertainty in energy services provided by the wind turbine output generation and V2G programs, efficient probabilistic... 

The development of an efficient hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) platform needs an optimal design of its powertrain layout. This study is concerned with parallel HEVs (PHEVs) equipped with continuous transmission. First, different types of continuous transmissions, including continuously variable transmission (CVT), power-split CVT (PS-CVT) and multi-fixed ratio PS-CVT (MF-CVT), are discussed and their simulation models are presented. Also, various combinations of these continuous transmissions with PHEV configurations (namely, pre-transmission and posttransmission configurations) are introduced. Then, for a given PHEV model, several powertrain layouts resulting from combining the considered... 

In this paper a new framework for scheduling of available resources in the distribution networks is developed. In this respect attempts are focused on interactions between charging/discharging profiles of electric vehicles (EVs) and output power of distributed generation units. To reach this goal, the proposed framework is designed as a two-stage optimization procedure. In the first stage, the charging/discharging schedules of EVs are extracted running a linear programing optimization problem taking into account the EV users' constraints and requirements. The usage profiles of the DG units, strategy of buying electricity from the market and also the final charging/discharging patterns of the... 

Long-term distribution network planning (DNP) is considered as one of the most challenging issues for distribution network operators (DNOs). By increasing EVs in cities, it has appeared some new players such as electric vehicles (EVs) owners and electric vehicle parking lots (EVPLs) owners for DNP. In this article, we conduct a new study on the coupled dynamic expansion problem of EVPLs placement and distribution networks. To reach this goal, at first, EVs driving and charging/discharging behavior as some influential factors is modeled using an efficient probabilistic algorithm. An analytical model is then introduced to estimate the number of EVs in EVPLs at different times. To find out the... 

Proliferation of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) and integration of various distributed generation (DG) technologies have been recognized to play an undeniable role in modern power systems of the future. In order to effectively model the interactions of these two technologies, this paper develops a multi-criteria framework to coordinate the charging behaviors of PHEVs within an energy hub platform. In this regard, the desirable charging profiles from the viewpoint of both PHEV owners and hub manager are first captured and reported to the PHEVs Coordinator Entity (PCE). The PCE, then, runs an optimization framework in which several criteria including the PHEV owners’ convenience,... 

One way of more efficiently utilizing the existing gas and electrical infrastructures is to consider them as one integrated system in planning and operation of energy systems. The energy hub framework is adopted to determine a modeling procedure for such multi carrier energy systems. This paper presents a residential energy hub model for a smart home. A residential combined heat and power (CHP) as a cogeneration technology, and a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle are employed in the model. Operation of the hub is optimized through a proposed optimization-based formulation. The objective is to minimize customer payment cost. Solving the problem determines how much of each energy carrier the... 

Plug-In hybrid electric vehicles could be connected to the electrical grid to be recharged. To ease the charging process, one solution could use an on-board charger to charge the electric vehicle battery. This charger should be able to be connected to a conventional outlet for convenience reasons and moreover, it should be a grid friendly charger in order not to pollute the electrical network. Since most of the electric vehicle related projects are at their initial phases, keeping up with the pace and developing new technologies and proposing innovations and concepts will help growing the industry. In this regard, a new integrated bidirectional isolated soft-switched plug-in hybrid electric... 

An adaptive approach for distribution system reconfiguration and charging management of plug-in electric vehicles (PEV) is presented in this study. A stochastic model predictive control is applied to stochastically, adaptively, and dynamically reconfigure the system, manage the incidental charging pattern of PEVs, and deal with the variable and uncertain power of renewable energy sources. The objective function of problem is minimizing daily operation cost of system. Herein, the geography of area is considered and the behavior of PEVs' drivers (based on their income level) is modeled with respect to the value of incentive and their hourly distance from each charging station. It is shown that... 

An adaptive approach for distribution system reconfiguration and charging management of plug-in electric vehicles (PEV) is presented in this study. A stochastic model predictive control is applied to stochastically, adaptively, and dynamically reconfigure the system, manage the incidental charging pattern of PEVs, and deal with the variable and uncertain power of renewable energy sources. The objective function of problem is minimizing daily operation cost of system. Herein, the geography of area is considered and the behavior of PEVs' drivers (based on their income level) is modeled with respect to the value of incentive and their hourly distance from each charging station. It is shown that... 

Recently, with the growth and development of distributed generation (DGs) and energy storage systems (ESSs), as well as smart control equipment, microgrids (MGs) have been developed. Microgrids are comprised of a limited number of constitutive parts, including loads, DGs, ESSs, and electric vehicles (EVs). This paper presents a novel scheme to manage active and reactive powers, based on DGs, ESSs, and EVs to reduce the total operation cost including power generation and emission costs. Simultaneous management of active and reactive power makes it possible to consider grid operation constraints together. In the proposed schedule, the vehicles are assumed to be plug-in hybrid electric... 

Electric spring (ES) as a breakthrough in power electronics has led to a revolution in demand-side management. This paper presents flexible power management (FPM) of a networked microgrid (MG) in the presence of renewable energy sources (RESs) and flexibility sources (FSs). The FSs include the novel topology of the integrated unit of ES with electric vehicles (EVs) parking (IUEE) and incentive-based demand response program (DRP). The proposed FPM model is formulated as an optimization problem that minimizes the difference between the expected energy cost and the expected profit of FSs' flexibility subject to the AC optimal power flow (AC-OPF), RESs, FSs, and MG flexibility constraints. In... 

A massive focus has recently been made on demand response (DR) programs, aimed to the electricity price reduction, reliability improvement, and energy efficiency. Basically, DR programs are divided into twofold main categories, namely incentive-based programs and price- or time-based programs. The focus of this paper is on priced-based DR programs including consumer responses to the time differentiated pricing. Home load management (HLM) program is designed to control responsive appliances and charging/discharging cycles of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) by the consumer. Uncertain parameters associated with PHEV, i.e. its departure/travelling time and energy consumption as well as...