Sharif Digital Repository

Popular usage of composite materials in aerospace, civil and defense industries in the last decades has been caused more attention to optimization of composite problems. Due to natural complexity of composite problems, i.e. discrete nature, complex dependence between design variables, existence of too much local optimum and etc., traditional methods of optimization are inefficient and it is necessary to use a powerful method to work cost effectively. Genetic algorithm as a technique through evolutionary algorithms is the most popular methods of tackling composite problems. The success of a genetic algorithm can be quantified by estimating the cost, time required and the quality of final... 

Heat transfer to combustion chamber walls is an unwanted phenomenon. Reduction of this heat transfer by using bidirectional swirl flow, as proved in past studies, can result in time and cost saving methods in design and fabrication of combustion chambers. Bidirectional Swirl flow, existing in vortex engine, maintains the chamber wall cool. This characteristic of such flow field, among with many other advantages for it, makes researchers more interested in studying the propulsion of it as well as its other applications. Bidirectional swirl flow in liquid fuel ramjet engines has the proven advantage of keeping the combustion chamber walls cool and in solid fuel ramjet engines in increasing the... 

Supply chains are socio-technical engineering systems which now days perform in more uncertain operational environment than before. These systems have been vulnerable because of increasing the number of natural disasters, competitiveness and changing the demand. So these systems in order to be survived in such high uncertain environment need to enhance some capabilities in their structure. In this research by considering an assumed auto supply chain, we try to develop an approach to cover uncertainties in operational environment of this system. At the next step, we use design structure matrix modeling to model the interactions between system elements before and after scenario occurring.... 

In this research a systemic framework for recognizing and using international opportunities has been generated based on the Viable System Model (VSM). This framework consists of designing required functions, recognizing capabilities and assigning requirements in the different levels of the system. Based on this framework a systemic analysis for diagnosing Iran’s problems and barriers in implementing Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) which is a part of international carbon trade has been done. This research results show that the generated systemic framework has a good diagnosing power for identifying systemic problems in different systems  

Functional Requirements (FR) are traditionally known to be "input" as far as an engineering process is concerned. However, for a Systems Engineer (SE), this is not the case. A well-known task of a SE is, in fact, to develop FRs from what is considered as the customer needs. The traditional approach to develop suitable FRs involves an algorithmic procedure; which mostly relies on the skills, knowledge, attitude, and experiences of the SE or experts members of design team. It is therefore an ad-hoc method which results in quite a few numbers of trial-errors and its effectiveness only reveals itself as time goes on. The current work aims to address such a shortcoming in Systems Engineering... 

In this thesis, we will take a more profound study about what technology is and the relationship between technology development and society. We will discuss various theories such as the social construction of technology, the heterogeneous engineerings approach, the system approach, and the co-construction of society and technology. In this way, the relationship between economic and social systems and technological products is explained and based on this, an approach is proposed in relation to the ethical challenges in technology with a focus on social networks. The discussion is about the fact that due to the continuous use of technologies, a challenge may be raised in the technology... 

In this thesis, we will take a more profound study about what technology is and the relationship between technology development and society. We will discuss various theories such as the social construction of technology, the heterogeneous engineerings approach, the system approach, and the co-construction of society and technology. In this way, the relationship between economic and social systems and technological products is explained and based on this, an approach is proposed in relation to the ethical challenges in technology with a focus on social networks. The discussion is about the fact that due to the continuous use of technologies, a challenge may be raised in the technology... 

However “The Social Construction of Technology (SCOT)” is the title of a thesis in the domain of Science and Technology Studies (STS), it has an important effect on the philosophy of technology. In this paper I try to elaborate and criticize SCOT’s approach. For this purpose we need to answer the question “what is Technology exactly?”. So in the first chapter, I defined Technology. After reviewing some of it’s famous definitions, I defined the joint of technologies based on the “Dual nature of technical artefacts” thesis. Because of the wide range of technologies, I have concentrated on “Technical Artefacts”, although I was not inattentive to other meanings of technology, especially... 

Developing ESP knowledge of a specific academic discipline is not only a privilege but a prerequisite for successful performance in related academic and occupational settings. English for Specific Purposes (ESP) courses at undergraduate level in Iranian universities are designed to serve this purpose. Needs analysis is the foremost step to design relevant and useful ESP courses, but how to approach needs in a motivating and interesting way is still a question pending further research. Accordingly, focusing on engineering fields in three Iranian state universities, this study aimed at identifying factors that affect engineering students’ motivation for learning technical English in ESP... 

Manual code review, essential for software quality, suffers from time constraints and repetitive tasks. This thesis investigates using large language models (LLMs) with prompt engineering and in-context learning to automate aspects of the process. By leveraging an LLM's generalization capabilities, we aim to achieve automation with limited resources and minimal pre-training. Due to the development of large language models and in-context learning capabilities, our proposed approach is to add contextual information relevant to code review to the model input. Our approach focuses on providing context-specific samples and documents related to the reviewed code, enabling the LLM to learn from the... 

In today’s methodical corporate world, processes have been recognized as valuable organizational knowledge assets. Situational Method Engineering (SME) processes are considered particularly valuable because of their effectiveness in building context-specific software processes for developing efficient software systems; thus, they indirectly affect all software-dependent organizational knowledge assets, including organizational processes. It is therefore logical to deduce that managing SME knowledge would improve the efficiency of both SME and organizational processes. Unfortunately, existing SME processes suffer from weaknesses that are rooted in loss of knowledge within method engineering... 

Vehicles are safety-critical Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) consisting of hundreds of control units. The Engine Control Unit (ECU) is a fundamental part of a vehicle, and by applying reliability improvement techniques to the ECU, we can prevent catastrophes, performance degradation, and environmental damage. However, like any other CPS, traditional reliability assessment of the cyber and physical parts is insufficient as these parts are tightly coupled. Furthermore, the ECU consists of many mutually dependent subsystems, the failure of which will fail the whole vehicle system. Hence, to compensate for the hardware redundancy cost, we have improved the reliability of the system's bottleneck.... 

The use of machine learning and deep learning tools to predict the future behavior of trends in massive data requires the extraction and creation of the eigenvector for the chosen model in the problem. It should be noted that simply by increasing the number of features, it cannot be expected that the learning model will have a higher efficiency. Rather, the quality and importance of the features in the field under study should be carefully considered. Topics such as data redundancy, data correlation, the amount of information in the data, distorted data, outliers, etc. are important steps in improving the dataset and creating a feature vector for training the learning model. In the realm of... 

Test driven software development is one of the most important practices in agile software production. In this practice, the programmer must write appropriate test cases before implementing the desired program. That is, at first, he should know what the function of his desired program is, and then considering them, the test cases are implemented. The problem with this method is that the programmer may not have much experience in this work, and good test cases may not be produced, and at the same time, this work is very time-consuming. As a result, this method may be abandoned.In this thesis, an attempt is made to provide a systematic method to make the production of test cases for the program... 

A wide range of field devices, including Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs) and Remote Terminal Units (RTUs), are used in Industrial Control Systems (ICSs). These devices are embedded systems that are responsible for protecting the power system devices against faults and damage by controlling circuit breakers. Disruptions in command and control can result in accidents and harm. Due to their physical accessibility and the possibility of backdoors, blackout attacks may be designed and implemented on these devices in a manner similar to what has occurred in many countries in recent year.Many vulnerabilities have been reported for Real-Time Operating System (RTOS), firmware, and software of... 

Capital market is one of the important ways to invest. Investors use different ways to analyze this market. One of the most important ways is to use stock filters that people need to learn both programming and capital market concepts. Automatic programming tools emerged to solve the need to learn a lot of programming languages in different fields but in stock filters have not been used until now in ower knowledge. In this research, the goal is to create automatic programming techniques to recognize stock filters from input-output examples. For this task, in the first step, the history of stock market have been used and a lot of stock filters with different length have been created. After... 

Nowadays, due to the enlargement and complexity of software systems, traditional approaches to software development are not as efficient as before, hence there is a need for new approaches in design, implementation, and maintenance of software systems and processes. Complexity and enlargement of design and initial implementation of systems and processes on one hand, and the requirements appear in the maintenance phase on the other hand, makes the dynamic design of systems and processes a very important issue. However, adding dynamism and changeability to the systems has an upper bound, and additionally, it is impossible to definitely predict trend of systems and processes in the future. This... 

Constructing bespoke software development processes according to the specifications of the project at hand has become a crucial issue, but defining a separate process for each potential project context is a time-consuming and costly endeavor. The Software Process Line (SPrL) is a concept similar to the Software Product Line (SPL), except that it belongs to the domain of software development process engineering; it allows software processes to be constructed according to a specific context by reusing core process assets. Tailoring a process line for constructing project-specific processes is time-consuming and error-prone if done manually; therefore, it is important that a high... 

Offering software in the form of web services has gained great popularity due to the evolution of cloud architectures. REpresentational State Transfer (REST) comprises a set of rules and practices that provide simple and comprehensible APIs, clear representational structures, and scalable services for use in web engineering. Due to the simplicity and scalability of the REST architecture, it has become increasingly popular among web-service developers. Among the architectures used in web service design (REST, WSDL, SOAP), REST is the most common; it has significantly changed how systems are developed based on web services. Model-Driven Development (MDD) can facilitate the construction of... 

As software technology has advanced, many related industries, such as game development, have also evolved. Games are not solely used for enjoyment anymore, and their application has expanded to various domains, the most important of which is education. Serious games connect education and enjoyment by achieving pedagogical objectives through gaming. Experience has shown that using this approach for education can be more effective than traditional methods. Serious games have been applied to various areas of education, one of which is software engineering. Software engineering covers a wide span of knowledge, and a range of methods are required for the education to be effective, especially...