Sharif Digital Repository

Plates on elastic foundations have attracted the attention of many researchers. Some elementary models have been introduced to consider interactions between the plate and its foundation. Other improved models have been proposed to develop basic models. In this work, a model based on the Winkler-foundation theory is proposed, while the constant parameter of Winkler is assumed to be variable; such as non-uniform springs with the functionality of the domain position, along with the plate and beam span in order to consider the non-uniform behavior of the foundation. The governing equation on the system is solved by using the Galerkin method and effects such as the presence of rigid points in the... 

One of the main concerns in using commercial software for finite element analyses of dam-foundation-reservoir systems is that the simplifying assumptions of the massless foundation are unreliable. In this study, an appropriate direct finite element method is introduced for simulating the mass, radiation damping and wave propagation effect in foundations of dam-foundation-reservoir systems using commercial software ABAQUS. The free-field boundary condition is used for modeling the semi-infinite foundation and radiation damping, which is not a built-in boundary condition in most of the available commercial software for finite element analysis of structures such as ANSYS or ABAQUS and thus... 

In this paper, the vibration of a moderately thick plate to a moving mass is investigated. Pasternak foundation with a variable subgrade modulus is considered to tackle the shortcomings of Winkler model, and an analytical-numerical solution is proposed based on the eigenfunction expansion method. Parametric studies by using both CPT (Classical Plate Theory) and FSDT (First-Order Shear Deformation Plate Theory) are carried out, and, the differences between them are also highlighted. The obtained results reveal that utilizing FSDT without considering the rotary inertia leads to a smaller deflection in comparison with CPT pertaining to a thin plate, while it demonstrates a greater response for... 

In this paper the free vibration of single walled carbon nanopeapods encapsulating C60 molecules is considered. The nanopeapod is embedded in an elastic medium and clamped at both ends. The Euler-Bernoulli beam model is used for the carbon nanotube and the C60 molecules are considered as lumped masses attached to the beam. Based on the nonlocal elasticity theory the governing equation of motion is derived and the resonance frequencies of the nanopeapod are obtained. The effects of small scale, foundation stiffness and ratio of the fullerenes' mass to the nanotube's mass on the frequencies are studied and some conclusions are drawn  

This study pertains to the free vibration problem of beams on an elastic foundation of the Winkler type, which is distributed over a particular length of the beam. Closed form solutions are developed by solving the governing differential equations of beams. Moreover, an innovative mathematical approach is proposed to find the precise analytical solution of the free vibration of beams with mixed boundary conditions. Results are discussed in detail through verification studies. Ultimately, it was concluded that the proposed mathematical method could successfully obtain the exact solution to the free vibration problem of beams on partial elastic foundations under mixed boundary conditions  

Performance-based design (PBD) has become increasingly important in recent years, especially for the design of foundations rested on sub-soils that are susceptible to liquefaction at seismically active areas. Shallow foundations may fail due to excessive settlement because of liquefaction of the underlying loose saturated cohesion-less sands. Building codes usually do not address the issue of liquefaction-induced settlement of shallow foundations. In this paper, a framework is proposed for calculating the liquefaction-induced settlement of shallow foundations resting on heterogeneous two-layered liquefiable soil by conducting a series of 3D. hydro-mechanical dynamic analyses in a fully... 

Complex piers (CPs), consisting of a column, pile cap and pile group, are commonly built as foundations for hydraulic and marine structures. Scour-hole development around CPs is studied in this paper. A total of 52 tests is carried out on 4 CP models, with experiments durations ranging from 24 to 120 h. All of the available experimental data for clear-water scour around CPs including the collected data of the present study and those previously published are reviewed and combined into a database. A special case of bridge piers with deep foundation or caisson instead of pile caps is also considered, which is herein called compound piers. The database contains 367 experiments for CPs and 162... 

Local scour around complex piers under steady clear-water condition was studied experimentally for a variety of configuration, including different sizes and shapes of complex piers. A total of 70 experiments were carried out. Three sets of experiments were performed over the entire range of possible pile cap elevations for complex piers with different geometrical characteristics. The collected data are used to quantify the pile cap elevations that maximize or minimize the local scour depth. Some of the available methodologies to estimate the maximum local scour depth around such complex piers are evaluated. The predictions of the scour depths improved by using the revised methods of... 

An exact solution is established pertaining to the dynamic response of an Euler–Bernoulli beam resting on a Winkler foundation with variable subgrade modulus. The solution is performed by employing the infinite power series method. Moreover, using the Frobenius theorem, the proposed method is extended in order to solve the problems wherein the variation of the modulus is not an analytic function. The solution procedure is demonstrated through several illustrative examples, and the correctness of the results has been ascertained through comparison with recognized solutions in the literature. Finally, it is shown that the proposed method of solution is directly applicable to the more general... 

It has been realized that the raft (mat) foundations are capable of bearing very large loads when they are assisted with a pile group. The contribution of both raft and piles to carry the surcharge loads is taken into account, considering the stiffness and strength of involved elements in the system, i.e. piles, raft and surrounding soil. The piles are usually required not to ensure the overall stability of the foundation but to act as settlement reducers. There is an alternative design in which, the piles are nonconnected from the raft to reduce the settlement, which are then known to be "settlement reducer non-connected piles" to increase the system stiffness. In this paper, two and three... 

The response of an infinite Timoshenko beam subjected to a harmonic moving load based on the thirdorder shear deformation theory (TSDT) is studied. The beam is made of laminated composite, and located on a Pasternak viscoelastic foundation. By using the principle of total minimum potential energy, the governing partial differential equations of motion are obtained. The solution is directed to compute the deflection and bending moment distribution along the length of the beam. Also, the effects of two types of composite materials, stiffness and shear layer viscosity coefficients of foundation, velocity and frequency of the moving load over the beam response are studied. In order to... 

Natural frequencies are important dynamic characteristics of a structure where they are required for the forced vibration analysis and solution of resonant response. Therefore, the exact solution to free vibration of elastically restrained Timoshenko beam on an arbitrary variable elastic foundation using Green Function is presented in this paper. An accurate and direct modeling technique is introduced for modeling uniform Timoshenko beam with arbitrary boundary conditions. The applied method is based on the Green Function. Thus, the effect of the translational along with rotational support flexibilities, as well as, the elastic coefficient of Winkler foundation and other parameters are... 

Concrete arch dam is a complex geometric structure and designing such a structure requires experience and high knowledge. One of the important parameters in designing concrete arch dams is the tensile stress in arch concrete material. The static analysis results of high arch dam structure depend on structure analysis model, intensively. Stage construction is needed to be focused in modeling high arch dams. In this study, the necessity of considering stage construction in static analysis of dam structure is focused. Modeling stage construction uses Birth and Death technique of elements. Therefore, six stage construction models are provided including applying dam wall weight outright, two... 

Dam failure can result in a catastrophic break followed by a ood wave, often with considerable loss of life or property. One of the main causes of dam failure is loss of shear strength and the existence of discontinuity within the foundation. Dynamic analysis of concrete dams usually considered concrete behavior to be nonlinear and the foundation rock is assumed to be linear. In this study, seismic analysis of a concrete gravity dam was conducted to investigate the effect of the foundation on the nonlinear response. A finite element model of a dam-reservoir-foundation was considered to properly model the foundation as well as dam body nonlinear behaviors. An elasto-plastic formulation was... 

This study numerically investigates the side resistance of drilled shafts (bored piles) in sand using FLAC2D computer program. The results of the equations available in the literature are compared with the results of the present numerical study. A series of analyses is also conducted to assess the effects of various soil and pile parameters on the magnitude of side resistance of bored piles embedded in sand. Furthermore, the coupling (combined) effect of coefficient of lateral earth pressure with friction angle, and the coefficient of lateral earth pressure with a unit weight of soil on side resistance are investigated. The results show that the maximum effect of K0 on side resistance occurs... 

This study numerically investigates the side resistance of drilled shafts (bored piles) in sand using FLAC2D computer program. The results of the equations available in the literature are compared with the results of the present numerical study. A series of analyses is also conducted to assess the effects of various soil and pile parameters on the magnitude of side resistance of bored piles embedded in sand. Furthermore, the coupling (combined) effect of coefficient of lateral earth pressure with friction angle, and the coefficient of lateral earth pressure with a unit weight of soil on side resistance are investigated. The results show that the maximum effect of K0 on side resistance occurs... 

In most of researches on soil-structure systems, it is assumed that the foundation is bonded to the ground where no foundation uplift is allowed. Uplifting makes changes in force–displacement behavior of the soil-structure systems, which in turn alters structural demands. In this research, a set of non-dimensional parameters is considered which controls the behavior of uplifting systems. The effects of foundation uplift on response of soil-structure system are investigated parametrically through time history analysis for a wide range of systems subjected to harmonic excitation and also ground motions recorded on soft soil with predominant period. It is seen that the response of systems with... 

Drilled shafts are one of the most important types of pile foundations. Several researchers have suggested different soil failure patterns for driven piles; however, for drilled shafts, this issue is inadequately addressed in the literature. In this paper, a numerical approach was pursued to obtain the location and dimensions of plastic zones around the tip of drilled shafts. The dependence of the suggested failure pattern size on the soil properties and drilled shaft dimensions was investigated. Based on several analyses, a soil jug-shaped failure pattern around the tip of drilled shafts was proposed, and its dimensions were determined using the regression-based and trial and error... 

In this paper, the responses of multidegree of freedom (MDOF) structures on sliding foundations, subjected to harmonic or random base motions, are investigated taking into consideration the variations of friction forces. The variation of friction force is a consequence of variation of friction coefficient, which depends on such parameters as relative velocity and the existing pressure. Modelling of the friction force under the foundation raft is accomplished by using a fictitious rigid link with a rigid-perfectly plastic material. This results in identical equations of motion for the sliding structure, both in the sliding and nonsliding (stick) phases and considerably decreases the required...