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hydraulics
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Application of FFTBM with signal mirroring to improve accuracy assessment of MELCOR code
, Article Nuclear Engineering and Design ; Volume 308 , 2016 , Pages 238-251 ; 00295493 (ISSN) ; Ghofrani, M. B ; D'Auria, F ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier Ltd
2016
Abstract
This paper deals with the application of Fast Fourier Transform Base Method (FFTBM) with signal mirroring (FFTBM-SM) to assess accuracy of MELCOR code. This provides deeper insights into how the accuracy of MELCOR code in predictions of thermal-hydraulic parameters varies during transients. The case studied was modeling of Station Black-Out (SBO) accident in PSB-VVER integral test facility by MELCOR code. The accuracy of this thermal-hydraulic modeling was previously quantified using original FFTBM in a few number of time-intervals, based on phenomenological windows of SBO accident. Accuracy indices calculated by original FFTBM in a series of time-intervals unreasonably fluctuate when the...
Discharge coefficient of triangular and asymmetric labyrinth side weirs using the nonlinear PLS method
, Article Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering ; Volume 142, Issue 11 , 2016 ; 07339437 (ISSN) ; Kabiri Samani, A ; Nekooie, M. A ; Sharif University of Technology
American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE)
2016
Abstract
Side weirs are hydraulic control structures widely used in irrigation and drainage systems as well as wastewater treatment plants. These structures also serve as adjusting/diverting flow structures with a minimum head loss. In the present study, by applying experimental data of more than 400 laboratory tests and using the multivariable nonlinear partial least-squares (PLS) method, three nonlinear equations are proposed for discharge coefficient, CM, of triangular and asymmetric labyrinth side weirs. These equations relate the discharge coefficient to the relevant geometrical and hydraulic dimensionless characteristics of flow. Results indicate that the new proposed equations are more...
Discharge capacity of conventional side weirs in supercritical conditions
, Article 4th European Congress of the International Association of Hydroenvironment engineering and Research, IAHR 2016, 27 July 2016 through 29 July 2016 ; 2016 , Pages 658-664 ; 9781138029774 (ISBN) ; Jalili Ghazizadeh, M. R ; Kabiri Samani, A ; Nekooie, M. A ; Sharif University of Technology
CRC Press/Balkema
2016
Abstract
Side weirs are widely used for level control and flow regulation in hydraulic engineering applications such as irrigation, land drainage, and sewer systems. These hydraulic structures allow a part of the flow to spill laterally when the surface of the flow in the main channel rises above the weir crest. The supercritical flow over a side-weir is a typical case of spatially varied flow with decreasing discharge. This study is aimed at investigating the variations of specific energy along the side-weir using experimental results. Some diagrams have been presented in terms of dimensionless ratio of diverted discharge to total discharge. These diagrams which can be used in the design of side...
Determination of discharge coefficient of triangular labyrinth side weirs with one and two cycles using the nonlinear PLS method
, Article Sustainable Hydraulics in the Era of Global Change - Proceedings of the 4th European Congress of the International Association of Hydroenvironment engineering and Research, IAHR 2016, 27 July 2016 through 29 July 2016 ; 2016 , Pages 653-657 ; 9781138029774 (ISBN) ; Parvaneh, A ; Kabiri Samani, A ; Sharif University of Technology
CRC Press/Balkema
2016
Abstract
Side weirs are hydraulic control structures widely used in irrigation, drainage networks and waste water treatment plants. These structures can be used for adjusting and diverting of flow with minimum energy loss. In spite of many studies were carried out on rectangular side weirs, the studies on oblique and labyrinth side weirs are scarce. In this study, based on the experimental data from more than 210 laboratory tests and through using the multivariable nonlinear partial least square (PLS) method, two nonlinear equations are presented for discharge coefficient CM of triangular labyrinth side weirs with one and two cycles. The obtained empirical equations relating CM with the relevant...
Development and qualification of a thermal-hydraulic nodalization for modeling station blackout accident in PSB-VVER test facility
, Article Nuclear Engineering and Design ; Volume 303 , 2016 , Pages 109-121 ; 00295493 (ISSN) ; Ghofrani, M. B ; D'Auria, F ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier Ltd
2016
Abstract
This paper deals with the development of a qualified thermal-hydraulic nodalization for modeling Station Black-Out (SBO) accident in PSB-VVER Integral Test Facility (ITF). This study has been performed in the framework of a research project, aiming to develop an appropriate accident management support tool for Bushehr nuclear power plant. In this regard, a nodalization has been developed for thermal-hydraulic modeling of the PSB-VVER ITF by MELCOR integrated code. The nodalization is qualitatively and quantitatively qualified at both steady-state and transient levels. The accuracy of the MELCOR predictions is quantified in the transient level using the Fast Fourier Transform Base Method...
The highest inhibition coefficient of phenol biodegradation using an acclimated mixed culture
, Article Water Science and Technology ; Volume 73, Issue 5 , 2016 , Pages 1033-1040 ; 02731223 (ISSN) ; Sharifi Abdar, P. S ; Borghei, S. M ; Sharif University of Technology
IWA Publishing
2016
Abstract
In this study a membrane biological reactor (MBR) was operated at 25±1 °C and pH = 7.5±0.5 to treat synthetic wastewater containing high phenol concentrations. Removal efficiencies of phenol and chemical oxygen demand (COD)were evaluated at four various hydraulic retention times (HRTs) of 24, 12, 8, and 4 hours. The removal rate of phenol (5.51 kg-Phenol kg-VSS-1 d-1), observed at HRT of 4 h,was the highest phenol degradation rate in the literature.According toCODtests, therewere no significant organic matter in the effluent, and phenol was degraded completely by mixed culture. Substrate inhibition was calculated from experimental growth parameters using the Haldane, Yano, and Edward...
Numerical simulation of salt water passing mechanism through nanoporous single-layer graphene membrane
, Article Chemical Product and Process Modeling ; Volume 11, Issue 1 , 2016 , Pages 73-76 ; 21946159 (ISSN) ; Moosavi, A ; Rahiminejad, M ; Sharif University of Technology
Walter de Gruyter GmbH
2016
Abstract
In recent years carbon nanotubes and other carbon nanostructures such as graphene sheets have attracted a lot of attention due to their unique mechanical, thermal and electrical properties. These structures can be used in desalination of sea water, removal of hazardous substances from water tanks, gases separation, and so on. The nanoporous single layer graphene membranes are very efficient for desalinating water due to their very low thickness. In this method, water-flow thorough the membrane and salt rejection strongly depend on the applied pressure and size of nanopores that are created in graphene membrane. In this study, the mechanism of passing water and salt ions through nanoporous...
Water hammer in a horizontal rectangular conduit containing air-water two-phase slug flow
, Article Journal of Hydraulic Engineering ; Volume 142, Issue 3 , 2016 ; 07339429 (ISSN) ; Borghei, S. M ; Kabiri Samani, A ; Sharif University of Technology
American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE)
2016
Abstract
The study of water hammer in air-water, two-phase flows in hydraulic structures such as pressurized pipelines and tunnels, siphons, culverts, and junctions is of great importance for design purposes. Water hammer if combined with a periodic slug flow would lead to severe periodic transient pressure fluctuations inside the conduit. Laboratory experiments have been conducted to investigate waterhammer pressure inside a horizontal rectangular conduit carrying a two-phase, air-water slug flow. Tests were performed in an experimental apparatus comprising a 6.8-m-long transparent pipeline 0.06 m wide and 0.1 m high. By rapidly closing a control gate at the end of the conduit, propagating pressure...
Spatially distributed influence of agro-environmental factors governing nitrate fate and transport in an irrigated stream-aquifer system
, Article Hydrology and Earth System Sciences ; Volume 19, Issue 12 , 2015 , Pages 4859-4876 ; 10275606 (ISSN) ; Ahmadi, M ; Gates, T. K ; Arabi, M ; Sharif University of Technology
Copernicus GmbH
2015
Abstract
Elevated levels of nitrate (NO3) in groundwater systems pose a serious risk to human populations and natural ecosystems. As part of an effort to remediate NO3 contamination in irrigated stream-aquifer systems, this study elucidates agricultural and environmental parameters and processes that govern NO3 fate and transport at the regional (500 km2), local (50 km2), and field scales (<1 km2). Specifically, the revised Morris sensitivity analysis method was applied to a finite-difference nitrogen cycling and reactive transport model of a regional-scale study site in the lower Arkansas River valley in southeastern Colorado. The method was used to rank the influence of anthropogenic activities and...
A comprehensive study on the critical ventilation velocity in tunnels with different geometries
, Article International Journal of Ventilation ; Volume 14, Issue 3 , Mar , 2015 , Pages 303-320 ; 14733315 (ISSN) ; Afshin, H ; Farhanieh, B ; Sharif University of Technology
VEETECH Ltd
2015
Abstract
Longitudinal ventilation is a common technique for smoke management during a fire accident within tunnels. In this paper, fire and smoke movement behaviour in longitudinally ventilated tunnels is investigated focusing on critical ventilation velocity. Firstly, critical velocity (VC) is evaluated for different heat release rates and results are compared and verified with model scale experimental data. Secondly, two fire scenarios inside tunnels with different cross sections are arranged and the reliability of some existing correlations for VC is explored. Results illustrate that using a combined geometric scale rather than the traditional single length-scale ones results in better estimation...
An applicable method for efficiency estimation of operating tray distillation columns and its comparison with the methods utilized in HYSYS and Aspen Plus
, Article Heat and Mass Transfer/Waerme- und Stoffuebertragung ; Volume 51, Issue 10 , October , 2015 , Pages 1393-1402 ; 09477411 (ISSN) ; Sharif University of Technology
Springer Verlag
2015
Abstract
Developing general methods that rely on column data for the efficiency estimation of operating (existing) distillation columns has been overlooked in the literature. Most of the available methods are based on empirical mass transfer and hydraulic relations correlated to laboratory data. Therefore, these methods may not be sufficiently accurate when applied to industrial columns. In this paper, an applicable and accurate method was developed for the efficiency estimation of distillation columns filled with trays. This method can calculate efficiency as well as mass and heat transfer coefficients without using any empirical mass transfer or hydraulic correlations and without the need to...
Dielectric and piezoelectric properties of porous PZT-PCN ceramics sintered at different temperatures
, Article Materials Letters ; Volume 151 , July , 2015 , Pages 85-88 ; 0167577X (ISSN) ; Nemati, A ; Bagheri, R ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier
2015
Abstract
Abstract Porous lead zirconate titanate-lead cobalt niobate 0.8Pb(Zr1/2Ti1/2)O3-0.2Pb(Co1/3Nb2/3)O3 (PZT-PCN) piezoelectric ceramics were fabricated by introducing pore-forming agent polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), and the effect of sintering behavior on their microstructure, dielectric, and piezoelectric properties were investigated. The optimum sintering procedure was designed according to the thermogravimetric analysis of pore former. Finally the electrical properties were measured. The porosity of PZT-PCN ceramics decreased and the grain size increased with an increase in the sintering temperature at a fixed PMMA addition. "An increase in density with sintering temperature from 1050 to...
Porous media approach in thermohydraulic analysis of high temperature reactors in pressurized/depressurized cooldown: An improvement
, Article Progress in Nuclear Energy ; Volume 80 , 2015 , Pages 119-127 ; 01491970 (ISSN) ; Tabatabai Ghomsheh, S. I ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier Ltd
2015
Abstract
The current study aims at introducing a 2D and fast-running code for the issues pertinent to design, analysis and safety in modular high temperature reactors. While the porous media approach is only applied to pebble bed type, the analysis in this paper covers both pebble bed and prismatic reactor. A time-dependent mass equation along with energy conservation equation for the cooling gas and a time-dependent energy conservation equation for the solid was solved. Appropriate series of constitutive equations (e.g. heat transfer coefficient, effective heat conductivity of solid, heat transfer coefficient, pressure drop etc.) has been recruited as well. In addition a finite-volume method is...
Calculation and analysis of thermal-hydraulics fluctuations in pressurized water reactors
, Article Annals of Nuclear Energy ; Volume 76 , 2015 , Pages 75-84 ; 03064549 (ISSN) ; Vosoughi, N ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier Ltd
2015
Abstract
Analysis of thermal-hydraulics fluctuations in pressurized water reactors (e.g., local and global temperature or density fluctuations, as well as primary and charging pumps fluctuations) has various applications in calculation or measurement of the core dynamical parameters (temperature or density reactivity coefficients) in addition to thermal-hydraulics surveillance and diagnostics. In this paper, the thermal-hydraulics fluctuations in PWRs are investigated. At first, the single-phase thermal-hydraulics noise equations (in the frequency domain) are originally derived, without any simplifying assumptions. The fluctuations of all the coolant parameters, as well as the radial distribution of...
An improved porous media approach to thermal-hydraulics analysis of high-temperature gas-cooled reactors
, Article Annals of Nuclear Energy ; Volume 76 , February , 2015 , Pages 485-492 ; 03064549 (ISSN) ; Tabatabai Ghomsheh, S. I ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier Ltd
2015
Abstract
A precise thermal-hydraulics model is of great importance for developing more effective designs of High Temperature Gas Cooled Reactors (HTGR). Recently, several advancements have been made in the methods of analysis of porous media which could be of significant value in the development of more precise and robust codes. The objective of this research is to incorporate some of the most recent improvements in the development of a new 2D program for thermal-hydraulics analysis of modular high temperature reactors. The program is mainly based on the solution of a coupled set of mass, energy and momentum conservation equations for the gas flow, along with the energy conservation equation in the...
3D simulation of propagation of hydraulically driven fractures in oil reservoirs using EFG mesh-less method considering coupled hydro-mechanical effects
, Article Computer Methods and Recent Advances in Geomechanics - Proceedings of the 14th Int. Conference of International Association for Computer Methods and Recent Advances in Geomechanics, IACMAG 2014, 22 September 2014 through 25 September 2014, Kyoto ; September , 2015 , Pages 1675-1680 ; 9781138001480 (ISBN) ; Samimi, S ; Sharif University of Technology
Taylor and Francis - Balkema
2015
Abstract
Creating hydraulically induced fractures in oil/gas reservoirs is one of the methods for Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) that has been applied extensively in petroleum industry in recent years. Despite its popularity, the design process of Hydraulic Fracture treatment is mostly empirical based on the previous experiences gained in the oil-rich formation. The reason lies in the complexities involved in the Hydraulic Fracture process including interacting effects of fluid(s) flowand solid deformations, injection of non-Newtonian fluids in the porous media, leak-off of the injected fluid into the formation, complex geometry of the induced fracture in the intact or naturally fractured rock,...
Investigating the propagation noise in PWRs via closed-loop neutron-kinetic/thermal-hydraulic noise calculations
, Article Annals of Nuclear Energy ; Volume 80 , 2015 , Pages 101-113 ; 03064549 (ISSN) ; Vosoughi, N ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier Ltd
2015
Abstract
Neutron noise induced by propagating thermal-hydraulic disturbances (propagation noise for short) in pressurized water reactors is investigated in this paper. A closed-loop neutron-kinetic/thermal-hydraulic noise simulator (named NOISIM) has been developed, with the capability of modeling the propagation noise in both Western-type and VVER-type pressurized water reactors. The neutron-kinetic/thermal-hydraulic noise equations are on the basis of the first-order perturbation theory. The spatial discretization among the neutron-kinetic noise equations is based on the box-scheme finite difference method (BSFDM) for rectangular-z, triangular-z and hexagonal-z geometries. Furthermore, the finite...
Evaluation of methods for estimating aquifer hydraulic parameters
, Article Applied Soft Computing Journal ; Volume 28 , March , 2015 , Pages 541-549 ; 15684946 (ISSN) ; Mortazavi Naeini, M ; Ataie Ashtiani, B ; Jeng, D. S ; Khanbilvardi, R ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier Ltd
2015
Abstract
An accurate estimation of aquifer hydraulic parameters is required for groundwater modeling and proper management of vital groundwater resources. In situ measurements of aquifer hydraulic parameters are expensive and difficult. Traditionally, these parameters have been estimated by graphical methods that are approximate and time-consuming. As a result, nonlinear programming (NLP) techniques have been used extensively to estimate them. Despite the outperformance of NLP approaches over graphical methods, they tend to converge to local minima and typically suffer from a convergence problem. In this study, Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) methods are used to identify...
An enriched FEM technique for modeling hydraulically driven cohesive fracture propagation in impermeable media with frictional natural faults: Numerical and experimental investigations
, Article International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering ; Volume 104, Issue 6 , 2015 , Pages 439-468 ; 00295981 (ISSN) ; Hirmand, M ; Vahab, M ; Bazargan, M ; Sharif University of Technology
John Wiley and Sons Ltd
2015
Abstract
In this paper, an enriched finite element technique is presented to simulate the mechanism of interaction between the hydraulic fracturing and frictional natural fault in impermeable media. The technique allows modeling the discontinuities independent of the finite element mesh by introducing additional DOFs. The coupled equilibrium and flow continuity equations are solved using a staggered Newton solution strategy, and an algorithm is proposed on the basis of fixed-point iteration concept to impose the flow condition at the hydro-fracture mouth. The cohesive crack model is employed to introduce the nonlinear fracturing process occurring ahead of the hydro-fracture tip. Frictional contact is...
Numerical simulation of high voltage electric pulse comminution of phosphate ore
, Article International Journal of Mining Science and Technology ; Volume 25, Issue 3 , May , 2015 , Pages 473-478 ; 20952686 (ISSN) ; Rezai, B ; Irannajad, M ; Ravanji, M. H ; Sharif University of Technology
China University of Mining and Technology
2015
Abstract
Numerical simulation of the electrical field distribution helps in-depth understanding of the mechanisms behind the responses and the benefits of the high voltage pulse comminution. The COMSOL Multiphysics package was used to numerically simulate the effect of ore compositions in this study. Regarding phosphate ore particles shape and composition, the effects of mineral composition, particle size, particle shape and electrodes distance were investigated on the electrical field intensity and distribution. The results show that the induced electrical field is significantly dependent on the electrical properties of minerals, the feed particle size and the location of conductive minerals in...