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low-salinity-water-flooding
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Experimental Investigation and Modeling of Nonorganic Scale Formation in Porous Media at Microscopic Scale
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Ayatollahi, Shahabodin (Supervisor) ; Taghikhani, Vahid (Supervisor)
Abstract
Inorganic scale deposition has been found to affect many industrial processes,including water injection into the oil reservoirs. Major formation damage because of incompatibility of high sulfate ion content of seawater with formation water containing calcium ion results in formation damage and production decline.In this study, several simultaneous techniques are utilized for qualitative and quantitative analysis of calcium sulfate scale to get more insight into the damage of formation during smart water flooding at micro and Nano scales. In the experimental section, calcium sulfate deposition due to the mixing of the formation water and seawater samples was investigated using the dynamic...
Experimental Investigation of Asphaltene Precipitation and Deposition in Enhanced Oil Recovery by Low Salinity Waterflooding
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Ayatollahi, Shahabadin (Supervisor) ; Fatemi, Mobin (Supervisor)
Abstract
Asphaltenes are a polydisperse mixture of the heaviest and most polarizable fractions of the crude oil. They are defined according to their solubility properties as being soluble in aromatic solvents but insoluble in light paraffin solvents. Asphaltenes are usually responsible for many problems like wettability changes of the reservoir rock, pore clogging in the reservoir porous matrix and fouling in wellbore tubing and production surface facilities. Most of the studies in the literature, addressing the asphaltene precipitation and deposition (APD), are investigating natural depletion or gas injection process such as CO2 flooding. These studies show that asphaltene deposition and...
Experimental Analysis of the Effect of Fluid/Fluid and Fluid/Rock Interactions on the Pore Scale Displacement Mechanisms of Oil by Lswi
, M.Sc. Thesis Sharif University of Technology ; Fatemi, Mobeen (Supervisor) ; Masihi, Mohsen (Supervisor)
Abstract
Visual investigation of the low salinity water injection into micromodel is the goal of this research. Although many researches have been performed to realize the dominating mechanism behind the increased oil recovery after low salinity water injection, many contradictions exist among the studies. Mechanisms are generally divided into two classes. One class is due to fluid/fluid interactions and the other one is due to fluid/rock interactions. A comprehensive set of experiments are conducted in this study to find out the dominating mechanism behind low salinity water injection under the existing conditions of the experiments. Effect of different wettability condition and presence and absence...
Relative permeability and capillary pressure curves for low salinity water flooding in sandstone rocks
, Article Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering ; Volume 25 , July , 2015 , Pages 30-38 ; 18755100 (ISSN) ; Ghazanfari, M. H ; Masihi, M ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier
2015
Abstract
Recently much attention has been paid to the use of low salinity water (LSW) as an enhanced oil recovery fluid. The change observed in recovery factor during LSW flooding is induced from changes in relative permeability and capillary pressure when different levels of salinity are used. However, a few researchers tried to evaluate how macroscopic flow functions depend on the salinity of the injected water. To this end, a series of oil displacement by water was performed on a sandstone rock aged with crude oil in the presence of connate water. The capillary pressure and relative permeability curves are evaluated from inverse modeling of the obtained pressure drop and oil production data. Then,...
Pore-doublet computational fluid dynamic simulation of the effects of dynamic contact angle and interfacial tension alterations on the displacement mechanisms of oil by low salinity water
, Article International Journal of Multiphase Flow ; Volume 143 , 2021 ; 03019322 (ISSN) ; Fatemi, M ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier Ltd
2021
Abstract
Using our recently developed model, for the first time in the literature, the effect of fluid/fluid and rock/fluid interactions on the performance of Low Salinity Waterflooding (LSWF, as an Enhanced Oil Recovery process) at pore-doublet scale is investigated. The model is incorporated into OpenFOAM and both the Navier-Stokes equation for oil/water two-phase flow and the advection-diffusion equation for ion transport (at both fluid/fluid and rock/fluid interface) are solved via direct numerical simulation (DNS). The model is validated against imbibition and drainage pore-doublet experiments reported in the literature, and then applied to investigate the sole effect of wettability alteration...
Pore-doublet computational fluid dynamic simulation of the effects of dynamic contact angle and interfacial tension alterations on the displacement mechanisms of oil by low salinity water
, Article International Journal of Multiphase Flow ; Volume 143 , 2021 ; 03019322 (ISSN) ; Fatemi, M ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier Ltd
2021
Abstract
Using our recently developed model, for the first time in the literature, the effect of fluid/fluid and rock/fluid interactions on the performance of Low Salinity Waterflooding (LSWF, as an Enhanced Oil Recovery process) at pore-doublet scale is investigated. The model is incorporated into OpenFOAM and both the Navier-Stokes equation for oil/water two-phase flow and the advection-diffusion equation for ion transport (at both fluid/fluid and rock/fluid interface) are solved via direct numerical simulation (DNS). The model is validated against imbibition and drainage pore-doublet experiments reported in the literature, and then applied to investigate the sole effect of wettability alteration...
Performance of sea water dilution on the surface free energies of the crude oils in water-flooded carbonate rock
, Article Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology ; 2017 , Pages 1-10 ; 01694243 (ISSN) ; Ayatollahi, S ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
Although several investigations have studied the low-salinity water injection (LSWI) performance during the past decades, the effect of crude oil type on the interfacial tension (IFT) and wettability alteration is still in dark. In this regard, this study is aimed to obtain the thermodynamic energies including adhesion, cohesion and spreading coefficient during LSWI. To achieve this goal, IFT and static contact angle values of three different crude oils (i.e. light, medium and heavy) are measured as a function of sea water salinity. The obtained results revealed that the dilution of sea water can change the wettability of reservoir rock from oil wet state towards water wet state, while crude...
Performance of sea water dilution on the surface free energies of the crude oils in water-flooded carbonate rock
, Article Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology ; Volume 32, Issue 12 , 2018 , Pages 1359-1368 ; 01694243 (ISSN) ; Ayatollahi, S ; Sharif University of Technology
Taylor and Francis Ltd
2018
Abstract
Although several investigations have studied the low-salinity water injection (LSWI) performance during the past decades, the effect of crude oil type on the interfacial tension (IFT) and wettability alteration is still in dark. In this regard, this study is aimed to obtain the thermodynamic energies including adhesion, cohesion and spreading coefficient during LSWI. To achieve this goal, IFT and static contact angle values of three different crude oils (i.e. light, medium and heavy) are measured as a function of sea water salinity. The obtained results revealed that the dilution of sea water can change the wettability of reservoir rock from oil wet state towards water wet state, while crude...
Microfluidics experimental investigation of the mechanisms of enhanced oil recovery by low salinity water flooding in fractured porous media
, Article Fuel ; Volume 314 , 2022 ; 00162361 (ISSN) ; Fatemi, M ; Masihi, M ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier Ltd
2022
Abstract
Spontaneous imbibition of water from fracture into the matrix is considered as one of the most important recovery mechanisms in the fractured porous media. However, water cannot spontaneously imbibe into the oil-wet rocks and as a result oil won't be produced, unless the capillary pressure barrier between fracture conduits and matrix is overcome. Wettability alteration is known as the main affecting mechanism for low salinity water flooding (LSWF), however, its effectiveness in fractured porous media has been less investigated, especially in the case of possible pore scale displacement mechanisms. In this study, the effectiveness of LSWF (diluted seawater) on oil recovery is compared to the...
Impact of rock morphology on the dominating enhanced oil recovery mechanisms by low salinity water flooding in carbonate rocks
, Article Fuel ; Volume 324 , 2022 ; 00162361 (ISSN) ; Ayatollahi, S ; Fatemi, M ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier Ltd
2022
Abstract
Because of the complex nature of carbonate reservoirs, the required conditions for effective Low Salinity Water Flooding (LSWF) in these reservoirs need further and in depth investigation. In the present study, three calcite cores, i.e. Cal-1, Cal-2, and IL, with the same chemical composition are subjected to tertiary low salinity water flooding (LSWF), while the crude oil and composition of flooding brine kept the same. The experimental results show significant difference in the amount of enhanced oil recovery, as IL had the most additional oil recovery (20.8 % of IOIP), followed by Cal-2 (10.5 % of IOIP) and Cal-1 (3.9 % of IOIP). The results of contact angle, zeta potential, and effluent...
Experimental investigation on the dominating fluid-fluid and rock-fluid interactions during low salinity water flooding in water-wet and oil-wet calcites
, Article Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering ; Volume 204 , 2021 ; 09204105 (ISSN) ; Fatemi, M ; Ayatollahi, S ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier B.V
2021
Abstract
Low salinity water flooding (LSWF) has the potential to enhance the oil recovery by affecting the fluid-fluid and rock-fluid interactions. Therefore, a systematic investigation on the effect of initial wetting state (water-wet or oil-wet) of pure calcite is conducted to study the importance of these interactions on the effectiveness of LSWF. In the case of initially water-wet cores, more oil recovery efficiency is observed for more saline water cases. To shed light on the possible involved mechanisms, dynamic IFT, dynamic contact angle (CA), oil/brine and rock/brine surfaces zeta potentials, and effluent pH are measured. It is shown that the short-term effect of IFT reduction and long-term...
Experimental investigation of the influence of fluid-fluid interactions on oil recovery during low salinity water flooding
, Article Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering ; Volume 182 , 2019 ; 09204105 (ISSN) ; Ayatollahi, S ; Fatemi, M ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier B.V
2019
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the role of fluid-fluid interactions during low salinity water flooding, using crude oil from an Iranian oil reservoir. To minimize the effects of mineral heterogeneity and wettability alteration, a synthetic sintered glass core was utilized and all coreflooding experiments were performed at low temperatures without any aging process. The effect of fluid-fluid interactions were investigated in both secondary and tertiary injection modes. pH measurements as well as UV-Vis spectroscopy and interfacial tension (IFT) analysis were performed on the effluent brine samples. Results: show that fluid-fluid interactions, mainly the dissolution of crude oil polar...