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    A bi-level approach for optimal contract pricing of independent dispatchable DG units in distribution networks

    , Article International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems ; Volume 26, Issue 8 , 2016 , Pages 1685-1704 ; 20507038 (ISSN) Sadeghi Mobarakeh, A ; Rajabi Ghahnavieh, A ; Haghighat, H ; Sharif University of Technology
    John Wiley and Sons Ltd  2016
    Abstract
    Distributed generation (DG) units are increasingly installed in the power systems. Distribution companies (DisCo) can opt to purchase the electricity from DG in an energy purchase contract to supply the customer demand and reduce energy loss. This paper proposes a framework for optimal contract pricing of independent dispatchable DG units considering competition among them. While DG units tend to increase their profit from the energy purchase contract, DisCo minimizes the demand supply cost. Multi-leader follower game theory concept is used to analyze the situation in which competing DG units offer the energy price to DisCo and DisCo determines the DG generation. A bi-level approach is used...