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water-injection
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The optimization of gas allocation to a group of wells in a gas lift using an efficient Ant Colony Algorithm (ACO)
, Article Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization and Environmental Effects ; Vol. 36, Issue. 11 , 2014 , Pages 1234-1248 ; ISSN: 15567036 ; Ghotbi, C ; Aminshahidy, B ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
When the reservoir energy is too low for the well to flow, or the production rate desired is greater than the reservoir energy can deliver, using some kind of artificial lift method to provide the energy to bring the fluid to the surface, seems to be necessary. Continuous flow gas lift is one of the most common artificial lift methods widely used in the oil industry during which, at appropriate pressure, gas is injected in a suitable depth into the tubing to gasify the oil column, and thus assist the production. Each well has an optimal point at which it will produce the most oil. In ideal conditions, at which there is no limitation in the total amount of available gas, a sufficient amount...
Investigating the efficiency of MEOR processes using Enterobacter cloacae and Bacillus stearothermophilus SUCPM#14 (biosurfactant-producing strains) in carbonated reservoirs
, Article Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering ; Volume 113 , January , 2014 , Pages 46-53 ; ISSN: 09204105 ; Niazi, A ; Oboodi, V ; Ravanbakhsh, M ; Hezave, A. Z ; Ayatollahi, S ; Raeissi, S ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
Microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR) process is divided into two main categories, namely in-situ and ex-situ techniques. It utilizes reservoir microorganisms or specially selected bacteria to use their metabolites for more oil recovery from depleted oil reservoirs. In the present study, the potential of two biosurfactant-producing strains of Enterobacter cloacae and Bacillus stearothermophilus SUCPM#14 were investigated on tertiary oil recovery efficiency in carbonated cores using different designed injection protocols. The required operational time, process cost and proper selection of bacterial formulation during the MEOR process were the main objectives of this study. The results of...
Simultaneous calculation of pore size distribution, capillary pressure, and relative permeability from injection-fall off-production test data
, Article Special Topics and Reviews in Porous Media ; Vol. 5, issue. 1 , 2014 , p. 41-51 ; Jamshidi, S ; Salehi, S ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
This work concerns simultaneous determination of relative permeability, capillary pressure, pore size distribution (PSD), and residual oil saturation data by optimization of well testing data, and introduces a new capillary pressure relationship, based on the Weibull distribution function, for direct determination of the PSD function from capillary pressure parameters. Three consecutive injection, fall off, and production well tests are performed on a predefined synthetic reservoir through simulation, and an optimization algorithm is used to find the parameters of relative permeability and capillary pressure curves as well as the value of residual oil saturation. The PSD function is also...
A comparison of WAG and SWAG processes: Laboratory and simulation studies
, Article Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization and Environmental Effects ; Volume 35, Issue 23 , 2013 , Pages 2225-2232 ; 15567036 (ISSN) ; Kharrat, R ; Alizadeh, N ; Ghazanfari, M. H ; Sharif University of Technology
2013
Abstract
The use of water-alternating-gas injection can potentially lead to improved oil recovery from the fields; simultaneous water and gas injection is a form of water-alternating-gas injection. However, there is still an incomplete understanding of these processes and the need for comparative work is inevitable. Core flood experiments and compositional simulations of water-alternating-gas and simultaneous water and gas processes are presented. Immiscible, near miscible, and miscible modes of injection are covered. Matching process is done and optimization of design parameters (injection rate, slug size, water-alternating-gas ratio, and injection gas) is performed. Experimental data demonstrate...
Remedial effects of metal oxide nanoparticles to treat suspension transport in saturated porous media
, Article SPE - European Formation Damage Conference, Proceedings, EFDC ; Volume 1 , 2013 , Pages 478-488 ; 9781627486101 (ISBN) ; Pourafshary, P ; Ayatollahi, S ; Habibi, A ; Sharif University of Technology
2013
Abstract
Hydrocarbon production decline as a result of formation damage caused by fines migration has been widely observed in laboratory corefloods and natural flows in porous media. Permeability impairment due to fines migration is explained by different capture mechanisms of already released particles at some pore sites. Preventing detachment of in-situ particles from the rock surface during enhanced oil recovery (EOR) agent injection into the porous media has been reported recently. In this experimental study, the effect of five types of metal oxide nanoparticles; γ-AI2O3, ZnO, CuO, MgO and SiO: to adsorb the fine particles existing in the flowing suspension has been investigated. In each test,...
Application of fast-SAGD in naturally fractured heavy oil reservoirs: A case study
, Article SPE Middle East Oil and Gas Show and Conference, MEOS, Proceedings, Manama ; Volume 3 , March , 2013 , Pages 1946-1953 ; 9781627482851 (ISBN) ; Hashemi Kiasari, H ; Alizadeh, N ; Mighani, S ; Kamari, A ; Baker Hughes ; Sharif University of Technology
2013
Abstract
Steam injection process has been considered for a long time as an effective method to exploit heavy oil resources. Over the last decades, Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) has been proved as one of the best steam injection methods for recovery of unconventional oil resources. Recently, Fast-SAGD, a modification of the SAGD process, makes use of additional single horizontal wells alongside the SAGD well pair to expand the steam chamber laterally. This method uses fewer wells and reduces the operational cost compared to a SAGD operation requiring paired parallel wells one above the other. The efficiency of this new method in naturally fractured reservoir is not well understood....
Application of multi-criterion robust optimization in water-flooding of oil reservoir
, Article Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering ; Volume 109 , September , 2013 , Pages 1-11 ; 09204105 (ISSN) ; Pishvaie, M. R ; Khorasheh, F ; Salahshoor, K ; Kharrat, R ; Sharif University of Technology
2013
Abstract
Most of the reported robust and non-robust optimization works are formulated based on a single-objective optimization, commonly in terms of net present value. However, variation of economical parameters such as oil price and costs forces such high computational optimization works to regenerate their optimum water injection policies. Furthermore, dynamic optimization strategies of water-flooding often lack robustness to geological uncertainties. This paper presents a multi-objective while robust optimization methodology by incorporating three dedicated objective functions. The goal is to determine optimized and robust water injection policies for all injection wells. It focuses on reducing...
Coupled optimization of enhanced gas recovery and carbon dioxide sequestration in natural gas reservoirs: Case study in a real gas field in the south of Iran
, Article International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control ; Volume 17 , 2013 , Pages 515-522 ; 17505836 (ISSN) ; Jamshidi, S ; Soltanieh, M ; Sharif University of Technology
2013
Abstract
Since the beginning of industrial age the atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases has been increased significantly due to excessive use of fossil fuels. An effective way for decreasing emission of greenhouse gases is injection of CO2 in geological formations. Moreover, from the reservoir engineering point of view, CO2 injection has been considered as a method of enhancing oil and gas recovery. While using CO2 for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) has been the subject of several studies in the past decades, enhanced gas recovery (EGR) has not been fully studied in the gas reservoirs, mainly because of high recovery factor of gas reservoirs and mixing of the reservoir gas and CO2. In this...
New expert system for enhanced oil recovery screening in non-fractured oil reservoirs
, Article Fuzzy Sets and Systems ; 2015 ; 01650114 (ISSN) ; Ayatollahi, S ; Bozorgmehry Boozarjomehry, R ; Sharif University of Technology
Elsevier
2015
Abstract
As the oil production from conventional oil reservoirs is decreasing, oil production through Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) processes is supposed to compensate for both the oil production reduction in matured oil reservoirs and the worldwide dramatic increase in oil demand. Therefore, developing a strategy to choose an optimized EOR technique is crucial to find a resolution for production decline in oil reservoirs. A screening tool recommending the most appropriate EOR method is proposed in this study. An expert fuzzy logic system is employed to screen four well-known EOR methods including miscible CO2 injection, miscible HC gas injection, polymer flooding and steam injection based on the...
An experimental investigation of permeability impairment under dynamic flow conditions due to natural depletion in an Iranian oilfield
, Article Petroleum Science and Technology ; Volume 31, Issue 3 , 2013 , Pages 250-261 ; 10916466 (ISSN) ; Bagherzadeh, H ; Bolouri, H ; Sharif University of Technology
2013
Abstract
Asphaltene deposition is an issue that has received much attention since it has been shown to be the cause of major production problems. It leads to permeability reduction under the processes of natural depletion as well as hydrocarbon gas/CO2 injection. Though a great deal of researches have focused on studying permeability impairment in reservoir rocks, little is known about the asphaltene deposition mechanisms that control the permeability reduction for Iranian reservoirs. In this work, an experimental effort is made to investigate the permeability impairment of core samples of Iranian oil reservoirs. The experiments are performed on both sandstone and carbonate rock types at reservoir...
Investigation of the effect of water based nano-particles addition on hysteresis of oil and-water relative permeability curves
, Article Society of Petroleum Engineers - SPE International Oilfield Nanotechnology Conference 2012 ; 2012 , Pages 267-277 ; 9781622761104 (ISBN) ; Masihi, M ; Ghazanfari, M. H ; Sherafati, M ; Mashayekhi, L ; Sharif University of Technology
SPE
2012
Abstract
It has been shown that one kind of poly silicon particles with sizes ranging from 10-500 nm, can be used in oilfields to enhance the oil recovery of water injection by 15-20%. The contributing mechanism might be reducing the interfacial tension which appears through improving relative permeability of the oil-phase. However, fundamental understanding of how hysteretic behavior of relative permeability curves affected by nanosilica particles remains a topic of debate in the literature. In this study, water as well as water dispersed nanosilica particles floods was performed on sandstone rock sample saturated by light crude oil supplied from one of Iranian oil reservoir, and the relative...
Investigation of asphaltene precipitation in miscible gas injection processes: Experimental study and modeling
, Article Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering ; Volume 29, Issue 3 , 2012 , Pages 665-676 ; 01046632 (ISSN) ; Dabiri, M ; Dabir, B ; Rashtchian, D ; Emadi, M. A ; Sharif University of Technology
2012
Abstract
Asphaltene precipitation during natural depletion and miscible gas injection is a common problem in oilfields throughout the world. In this work, static precipitation tests are conducted to investigate the effects of pressure, temperature and gas type and concentration on asphaltene instability. Three different oil samples have been studied under reservoir conditions with/without nitrogen and methane injection. Besides applying common thermodynamic models, a new scaling equation is presented to predict asphaltene precipitation under HPHT gas injection. Extensive published data from the literature are also used in model development. The scaling approach is attractive because it is simple and...
A numerical comparative study of various flooding techniques in hydrocarbon reservoirs
, Article Journal of Porous Media ; Volume 15, Issue 2 , 2012 , Pages 101-112 ; 1091028X (ISSN) ; Manzari, M. T ; Hannani, S. K ; Sharif University of Technology
2012
Abstract
This paper investigates the efficiency and performance of several of the fiooding techniques popular in secondary and enhanced oil recovery. These processes include water fiooding, immiscible and miscible gas fiooding, and several forms of water-alternating-gas (WAG) injection. The study is carried out numerically on a typical one-dimensional domain using an advanced high-resolution central scheme. Some performance indices such as oil cut drop, breakthrough time, and sweep efficiency were employed to evaluate the appropriateness of each injection strategy
An experimental study of secondary WAG injection in a low-temperature carbonate reservoir in different miscibility conditions
, Article Petroleum Science and Technology ; Volume 30, Issue 13 , May , 2012 , Pages 1359-1368 ; 10916466 (ISSN) ; Khanamiri, H ; Aghajani, M ; Kharrat, R ; Gandomkar, A ; Motealleh, M ; Ghazanfari, M ; Sharif University of Technology
2012
Abstract
This experimental study is aimed at evaluation of the performance of secondary WAG injection in carbonate cores at different pressures. To do so, a comprehensive series of high-pressure high-temperature (HPHT) core flooding tests are conducted. The fluid system includes reservoir dead and live crude oil, CO 2, and synthetic brine while the chosen porous media consists of a number of fractured carbonate core samples. Parameters such as oil recovery factor, water and oil production rates, and pressure drop along the core are recorded for both dead and live oil. According to results, at first increasing pressure improves the oil recovery, but this improvement after MMP is not as significant as...
Asphaltene deposition during CO 2 injection and pressure depletion: A visual study
, Article Energy and Fuels ; Volume 26, Issue 2 , December , 2012 , Pages 1412-1419 ; 08870624 (ISSN) ; Ayatollahi, S ; Alamdari, A ; Zolghadr, A ; Dashti, H ; Kord, S ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
Carbon dioxide miscible flooding has become a popular method for Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) because it not only efficiently enhances oil recovery but also considerably reduces green house gas emissions. However, it can significantly cause asphaltene deposition, which leads to serious production problems such as wettability alteration, plugging of the reservoir formation, blocking the transportation pipelines, etc. It is crucial to investigate the effects of different factors on asphaltene deposition. A novel experimental setup was prepared to employ a high-pressure visual cell for investigation of asphaltene deposition on a model rock under typical reservoir conditions. The evolution of...
Investigation on the importance of the diffusion process during lean gas injection into a simple synthetic depleted naturally fractured gas condensate reservoir
, Article Petroleum Science and Technology ; Volume 30, Issue 7 , Feb , 2012 , Pages 655-671 ; 10916466 (ISSN) ; Gerami, S ; Ghotbi, C ; Hashemi, A ; Sharif University of Technology
2012
Abstract
A depleted naturally fractured gas condensate reservoir with extremely tight matrix permeability in the center of Iran is used for gas storage. Due to the tightness of the matrix, simulation of this process may present a unique challenge in terms of the importance of diffusion process in flow behavior of the injected gas in matrix blocks. This article presents a multimechanistic (Darcian-type flow and Fickian-type flow) mathematical model to investigate the importance of diffusion process as a function of important rock and fluid parameters. The authors' approach consists of the following steps: (a) development of a 1-D governing equations for a single matrix block consists of a gas...
A study on possible injection of greenhouse gases CO2 in order to enhanced oil recovery and economic assessment
, Article 74th European Association of Geoscientists and Engineers Conference and Exhibition 2012 Incorporating SPE EUROPEC 2012: Responsibly Securing Natural Resources, 4 June 2012 through 7 June 2012 ; June , 2012 , Pages 5341-5345 ; 9781629937908 (ISBN) ; Masihi, M ; Fatahi Mehraban, M ; Sharif University of Technology
European Association of Geoscientists and Engineers, EAGE
2012
Abstract
This paper summarizes the possibility of carbon dioxide gas Injection and compares the results with natural depletion in one of Iranian under saturated oil reservoir. At first with using PVTi software and Eclipse simulator, slim tube test has been simulated and Minimum Miscibility Pressure (MMP) of carbon dioxide gas with reservoir fluid determined then simulation of CO2 injection had done and at the end assessment of economic conditions for CO2 injection had been considered. Results had shown CO2 is an optimized choice for gas injection in this oil reservoir
Experimental investigation of CO2 WAG injection to light crude oil in near miscible conditions
, Article 74th European Association of Geoscientists and Engineers Conference and Exhibition 2012 Incorporating SPE EUROPEC 2012: Responsibly Securing Natural Resources, 4 June 2012 through 7 June 2012 ; 2012 , Pages 3914-3918 ; 9781629937908 (ISBN) ; Ghazanfari, M. H ; Masihi, M ; Sharif University of Technology
European Association of Geoscientists and Engineers, EAGE
2012
Abstract
This work concerns with experimental investigation of CO2 WAG injection to light crude oil in near miscible conditions which has been rarely attended in the available literature. Here, several core flood experiments at three constant injection rates and four WAG ratios are conducted on sandstone rocks saturated with light crude oil in presence of saline water. The results showed that higher injection rate has a better performance regarding oil recovery for smaller PVs of injected fluids, while lower injection rate showed higher ultimate recovery for a 30% increase in injected PVs. Secondary continuous gas injection showed a superior performance than all the other WAG injections in different...
The operational and reservoir parameters influencing the performance of top-down in situ combustion in fractured reservoirs: 2D block-scale simulation of networked fractures
, Article Petroleum Science and Technology ; Volume 30, Issue 3 , 2011 , Pages 256-270 ; 10916466 (ISSN) ; Kharrat, R ; Vossoughi, S ; Sharif University of Technology
2011
Abstract
Top-down in situ combustion (ISC) involves the stable propagation of a combustion front from the top vertical injector to the bottom horizontal producer. With the exception of laboratory studies of conventional sandstones, no application of the process in fractured carbonates has been addressed. The aim of the present work is to study ISC in the presence of a system of networked fractures using a thermal reservoir simulator from the Computer Modeling Group (CMG; Calgary, AB, Canada). The performance of ISC is compared with nonfractured system under similar conditions. To obtain more realistic results, a history-matched and validated combustion model of an Iranian naturally fractured...
Toe-to-heel air injection: Investigation of the effect of fractures geometrical properties on process performance
, Article Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization and Environmental Effects ; Volume 33, Issue 22 , Sep , 2011 , Pages 2067-2077 ; 15567036 (ISSN) ; Kharrat, R ; Ghotbi, C ; Sharif University of Technology
Abstract
Toe to heel air injection has been studied on non-fractured sandstone models and is found to be a promising enhanced oil recovery method for certain heavy oil reservoirs, such as those in Canada, but its applicability on fractured reservoirs, such as those in the Middle East, is not investigated yet. The objective of this article is to evaluate the effect of fractures geometrical parameters, such as fracture density, orientation, and location, on the performance of the process in laboratory scale. Simulation results showed that toe-to-heel air injection is more applicable on highly networked fractured reservoirs, such as those that occur in Persian Gulf coast compared to lower density...