Sharif Digital Repository

A novel, magnetic nanocarrier was successfully synthesized through a facile and economical producer in which Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles were coated by starch-g-poly (methyl methacrylate-co-PEG-acrylamide). The surface of nanocarrier was then modified by hydrazine to preparation of a pH-responsive carrier. The resulted nanocarrier was applied for delivery of doxorubicin (DOX) as an effective anti-cancer drug. DOX was reacted with hydrazine linkage on the surface of nanocarrier to form hydrazone bond. Due to the presence of numerous hydrazine groups on the surface of magnetic nanocarrier large amounts of DOX was loaded onto the carrier (327 mg g−1). © 2016 The Korean Society of Industrial... 

A novel heterogeneous catalyst has been synthesized based on the distillation-precipitation-polymerization of methyl acrylate onto modified magnetic nanoparticles followed by the amidation of the methyl ester groups using N,N-dimethylethylenediamine. The resulting poly(dimethylaminoethyl acrylamide) coated magnetic nanoparticles (MNP@PDMA) catalyst was characterized using an array of sophisticated analytical techniques, including FT-IR, TGA, SEM, TEM, CHN, vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and XRD analysis. The resulting heterogeneous base catalyst allowed the performance of a domino Knoevenagel condensation/Michael addition/cycloaddition reaction toward the synthesis of... 

Anchoring of copper sulfate in layered poly(imidazole-imidazolium) coated magnetic nanoparticles provided a highly stable, active, reusable, high loading, and green catalyst for the click synthesis of 1,2,3-triazoles via a one-pot cycloaddition of alkyl halide, azide, and alkyne (Cu-A3C). The catalyst was characterized by FTIR, TGA, TEM, SEM, XRD, EDAX, VSM and AAS. High selectivity, broad diversity of alkyl/benzyl bromide/chloride and alkyl/aryl terminal alkynes, and good to excellent yields of products were obtained using 0.7 mol% catalyst. The catalyst was readily recovered and reused up to 6 times without significant loss of activity  

A heterogeneous magnetic copper catalyst was prepared via anchoring of copper sulfate onto multi-layered poly(2-dimethylaminoethyl acrylamide)-coated magnetic nanoparticles and was characterized using various techniques. The catalyst was found to be active, effective and selective for one-pot three-component reaction of alkyl halide, sodium azide and alkyne, known as copper-catalyzed click synthesis of 1,2,3-triazoles. As little as 0.3 mol% of catalyst was found to be effective under the optimum conditions. The catalyst could also be recycled and reused up to seven times without significant loss of activity. Thermal stability, high loading level of copper on catalyst, broad diversity of... 

A magnetic nanocomposite was prepared by entrapment of Fe3O4 nanoparticles into the cross-linked ionic liquid/epoxy type polymer. The resulting support was used for covalent immobilization of cellulase through the reaction with epoxy groups. The ionic surface of the support improved the adsorption of enzyme, and a large amount of enzyme (106.1 mg/g) was loaded onto the support surface. The effect of the presence of ionic monomer and covalent binding of enzyme was also investigated. The structure of support was characterized by various instruments such as FT-IR, TGA, VSM, XRD, TEM, SEM, and DLS. The activity and stability of immobilized cellulase were investigated in the prepared support. The... 

A heterogeneous tungstate-based catalyst has been prepared for selective oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides in the presence of 30% H2O2. The catalyst was prepared via immobilization of high amounts of WO4 2− onto the cross-linked poly(ammonium ethyl acrylamide) coated magnetic nanoparticles (MNP). FT-IR, TEM, TGA, VSM, XRD, EDX, and CHN analysis were used for characterization of catalyst. Variety of sulfides successfully converted to the related sulfoxides using 1 mol% of catalyst at room temperature in high yields. The catalyst was easily recovered and reused up to 6 times without loss of activity  

A novel bi-functional polymeric catalyst was synthesized by immobilization of tungstate anions onto the nitrogen rich poly(ionic liquid)/magnetic nanocomposite. The resulting catalyst has two types of catalytic sites: (i) immobilized WO4 anions with bis-imidazolium ionic liquid cation for selective oxidation of alcohols and (ii) basic amine groups for Knoevenagel condensation between produced aldehyde and malononitrile. Due to the polymeric nature of the catalyst, large amounts of tungstate and basic nitrogen groups were presented on the solid surface which led to a decrease in the applied catalyst mass for catalytic reaction. High catalytic activity and excellent selectivity of catalyst in... 

A novel magnetically recoverable catalyst was prepared in which magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were functionalized by bis-imidazolium tungstate ionic liquid molecules. The resulting catalyst was highly dispersible in water and selectively oxidized a wide range of alcohols and sulfides using H2O2 as a green oxidant. The catalyst was easily recovered and reused at least 5 times under the described reaction conditions without any significant loss of reactivity  

Let R be a left Noetherian ring and ZD(R) be the set of all zero-divisors of R. In this paper, it is shown that if RZD(R) is finite, then R is finite  

Let G = {g1,...,gn} be a finite abelian group. Consider the complete graph with the vertex set {g1.....,.....g n}. The G-coloring of Kn is a proper edge coloring in which the color of edge {gi,gj} gi g i + gj, 1 ≤ i < 3 ≤ n. We prove that in the G-coloring of the complete graph Kn, there exists a multicolored Hamilton path if G is not an elementary abelian 2-group. Furthermore, we show that if n is odd, then the G-coloring of Kn can be decomposed into multicolored 2-factors and there are exactly lr/2 multicolored r-uniform 2-factors in this decomposition where lr is the number of elements of order r in G, 3 ≤ r ≤ n. This provides a generalization of a recent result due to Constantine which... 

Let R be a left artinian central F-algebra, T(R) = J(R) + [R,R], and U(R) the group of units of R. As one of our results, we show that, if R is algebraic and char F = 0, then the number of simple components of R = R/J(R) is greater than or equal to dimF R/T(R). We show that, when char F = 0 or F is uncountable, R is algebraic over F if and only if [R, R] is algebraic over F. As another approach, we prove that R is algebraic over F if and only if the derived subgroup of U(R) is algebraic over F. Also, we present an elementary proof for a special case of an old question due to Jacobson. © Inst. Math. CAS 2001  

In this paper we investigate two conjectures proposed in (Graphs Combin. 13 (1997) 305-314). The first one is uniquely totally colorable (UTC) conjecture which states: Empty graphs, paths, and cycles of order 3k, k a natural number, are the only UTC graphs. We show that if G is a UTC graph of order n, then Δn/2+1, where Δ is the maximum degree of G. Also there is another question about UTC graphs that appeared in (Graphs Combin. 13 (1997) 305-314) as follows: If a graph G is UTC, is it true that in the proper total coloring of G, each color is used for at least one vertex? We prove that if G is a UTC graph of order n and in the proper total coloring of G, there exists a color which did not... 

Polystyrene/organoclay nanocomposites were prepared by melt intercalation method in this research. Morphology, tensile and impact properties and deformation mechanism of the samples were studied. To study the structure of nanocomposites, X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy techniques are utilized. The deformation mechanisms of different samples were examined via reflected and transmitted optical microscopy. The results reveal that incorporation of organoclay affects structure, mechanical properties and deformation mechanism of nanocomposite. Introduction of organoclay can facilitate initiation and growth of crazing mechanism in polystyrene at both conditions of loadings,... 

Let R be a ring and Z(R) be the set of all zero-divisors of R. The total graph of R, denoted by T(Γ(R)) is a graph with all elements of R as vertices, and two distinct vertices x, y∈R are adjacent if and only if x+y∈Z(R). Let the regular graph of R, Reg(Γ(R)), be the induced subgraph of T(Γ(R)) on the regular elements of R. In 2008, Anderson and Badawi proved that the girth of total graph and regular graph of a commutative ring are contained in the set {3, 4, ∞}. In this paper, we extend this result to an arbitrary ring (not necessarily commutative). Also, we prove that if R is a reduced left Noetherian ring and 2∈Z(R), then the chromatic number and the clique number of Reg(Γ(R)) are the... 

Let R be a ring and Z(R) be the set of all zero-divisors of R. The total graph of R, denoted by (TΓ (R)) is a graph with all elements of R as vertices, and two distinct vertices x, y in R are adjacent if and only if x + y Z(R). Let the regular graph of R, Reg (Γ(R)), be the induced subgraph of T(Γ (R)) on the regular elements of R. In 2008, Anderson and Badawi proved that the girth of the total graph and the regular graph of a commutative ring are contained in the set { 3, 4,} . In this paper, we extend this result to an arbitrary ring (not necessarily commutative). We also prove that if R is a reduced left Noetherian ring and 2 Z(R), then the chromatic number and the clique number of Reg... 

Let be a ring and be the set of all non-trivial left ideals of. The intersection graph of ideals of, denoted by, is a graph with the vertex set and two distinct vertices and are adjacent if and only if. In this paper, we classify all rings (not necessarily commutative) whose domination number of the intersection graph of ideals is at least 2. Moreover, some results on the intersection graphs of ideals of matrix algebras over a finite field are given. For instance, we determine the domination number, the clique number and the independence number of. We prove that if is a positive integer and, then the domination number of is. Among other results, we show that if, where is a positive integer... 

For every natural number h, a graph G is said to be h-magic if there exists a labelling l:E(G)→Zh{0} such that the induced vertex set labelling l+:V(G)→Zh defined byl+(v)=∑uv∈E(G)l(uv), is a constant map. When this constant is zero, it is said that G admits a zero-sum h-magic labelling. The null set of a graph G, denoted by N(G), is the set of all natural numbers h∈N such that G admits an h-zero-sum magic labelling. In 2007, E. Salehi determined the null set of complete bipartite graphs. In this paper we generalize this result by obtaining the null set of complete multipartite graphs  

Let S⊆C*=C{0} and A∈Mn(C). The matrix A is called an S-GHMn if A∈Mn(S) and AA*=Diag(λ1,... λn), for some positive numbers λi, i=1,... n. In this paper we provide some necessary conditions on n for the existence of an S-GHMn over a finite set S. We conjecture that for every positive integer n, there exists a {±1, ±2, ±3}-GHMn