Sharif Digital Repository

In this research a computer model based on elasto hydrodynamic fluid film lubrication is developed in order to calculate the torque transmission efficiency of a half-toroidal CVT variator. Validation of this model is verified by comparing the experimental and the model results. Sensitivity of torque transmission efficiency to eleven parameters is investigated. These parameters are: dimensionless roller curvature, aspect ratio, half cone angle, fluid viscosity index, pressure constant for Roelands model, input rotational velocity, absolute viscosity at atmospheric pressure, Young modulus of disks and power rollers, Poisson ratio of disks and power rollers, number of power rollers and variator... 

In this research a model is developed which calculates the torque transmission efficiency of a half-toroidal CVT as a function of variator geometry, gear ratio and input torque. The different criteria which are considered to be important in a half toroidal CVT performance are torque transmission efficiency, variator weight, roller fatigue life and bearing torque loss. Variation of geometrical characteristics such as roller curvature, number of power rollers, aspect ratio and half cone angle affect these criteria in different ways. Therefore, in order to find the optimal quantity for each geometrical parameter an optimization problem should be developed. The objective function of this... 

Stochastic simulation is carried out to investigate intracellular viral reaction kinetics and the time evolution of the average particle number ( N̄) and coefficient variation (CV) for genome, template, and structural protein. The coefficient variation of these components is found to be ordered as: CV template > CV structural protein > CVgenome. The average particle number is also calculated via a deterministic approach. The magnitude value of the difference between the stochastic and deterministic approaches is found to be N̄ template ̃ N̄ structural protein > N̄ genome. The Poisson algorithm has been used to investigate the number of particles in the dynamics of intracellular viral... 

We have performed molecular dynamics simulation on B-DNA duplex (CGCGAATTGCGC) at different temperatures. The DNA was immerged in a salt-water medium with 1 M NaCl concentration to investigate salt effect on the denaturation process. At each temperature, configurational entropy is estimated using the covariance matrix of atom-positional fluctuations, from which the melting temperature (T m) was found to be 349 K. The calculated configuration entropy for different bases shows that the melting process involves more peeling (including fraying from the ends) conformations, and therefore the untwisting of the duplex and peeling states form the transition state of the denaturation process. There... 

Metallic nanoparticles are interesting because of their use in catalysis and sensors. The surface energy of the FCC platinum nanoparticles are investigated via molecular dynamics simulation using Quantum Sutton-Chen (QSC) potential. We have calculated the Gibbs free energy for the FCC platinum bulk and also for its nanoparticle. All calculations have been carried out at zero pressure. We have used the thermodynamic integration method to obtain the Gibbs free energy. The total Gibbs free energy is taken as the sum of its central bulk and its surface free energy. We have calculated the free energy of a platinum nanoparticle as a function of temperature  

In precipitation hardenable materials, it is desirable to determine the precipitate dissolution temperature for homogenizing the microstructure by controlling the size and distribution of the precipitates. In this research, differential thermal analysis, dilatometry technique, heat treatments followed by microstructure evaluation were used to determine the -γ' dissolution temperature of Nimonic 115. It is assumed that the variation of enthalpy is governed by the changes in y volume fraction and γ concentration with time and temperature, and any contribution of the coarsening of γ' is neglected. The values obtained for the solvus temperature of γ precipitates by the three methods are all in... 

We investigate a one-dimensional (1-D) Ising model for finite-site systems. The finite-site free energy and the surface free energy are calculated via the transfer matrix method. We show that, at high magnetic fields, the surface free energy has an asymptotic limit. The absolute surface energy increases when the value of f (the ratio of magnetic field to nearest-neighbor interactions) increases, and for f ≥10 approaches a constant value. For the values of f ≥0.2, the finite-site free energy also increases, but slowly. The thermodynamic limit in which physical properties approach the bulk value is also explored  

We compute fractal dimension and permutation entropy for healthy and people who have experienced heart failure. Our result shows that permutation entropy is a suitable approach as well as detrend fluctuation analysis (DFA). The result of DFA shows that the fractal dimensions for healthy and heart failure are different as well as the permutation entropy result. The fluctuation value for permutation entropy for an individual who has experienced heart failure is bigger than for a healthy person. There is some specific change in the interbeat signal of a person who has experienced heart failure, but there is not previous trend for a healthy person  

Network-on-Chips (NoCs) consume a significant portion of multiprocessors' total power. Dynamic Voltage Scaling (DVS) which can reduce both static and dynamic power consumption is widely applied to NoCs. However, prior DVS schemes usually impose significant performance overhead to NoCs as NoCs need to work with lower clock frequencies when the supply voltage is scaled down. In this chapter, we propose a novel DVS scheme for NoCs with no performance overhead. We reduce power consumption when there is few Virtual Channels (VCs) that have active allocation requests at each cycle compared to the total number of available VCs. To enable multiple latencies with different slack times, we propose a... 

Network-on-Chips (NoCs) consume a significant portion of multiprocessors' total power. Dynamic Voltage Scaling (DVS) which can reduce both static and dynamic power consumption is widely applied to NoCs. However, prior DVS schemes usually impose significant performance overhead to NoCs as NoCs need to work with lower clock frequencies when the supply voltage is scaled down. In this chapter, we propose a novel DVS scheme for NoCs with no performance overhead. We reduce power consumption when there is few Virtual Channels (VCs) that have active allocation requests at each cycle compared to the total number of available VCs. To enable multiple latencies with different slack times, we propose a... 

In this paper the density and temperature dependencies of surface tension are investigated. Using the Lennard-Jones (12,6), as an effective pair interaction potential, a linear expression is derived for isotherms of γ /ρ 2 versus ρ 2 for some normal and ChloroFluoroCarbons (CFCs) fluids, where is surface tension and ρ = 1/v is molar density. The linearity behavior of the derived equation is well fitted onto the experimental data of surface tension for monatomic, diatomic, nonpolar, polar, hydrogen-bonded and chlorofluorocarbons. In addition, the temperature dependence of surface tension for 20 different fluids is examined, in which the contributions of both terms of the average effective... 

Cu-MOF/rGO nanocomposite was synthesized by a one-step hydrothermal method and used as proper support for Cu2O particles. Various microscopic and spectroscopic methods were applied to characterize the morphology of Cu2O/Cu-MOF/rGO nanocatalyst. Catalytic results of 4-nitrophenol reduction in the presence of NaBH4 indicate that as-synthesized nanocomposite shown significant improved activity compared with pure Cu2O particles. Enhanced catalytic performance of nanocomposite can be ascribed to the high adsorption ability of Cu-MOF and effective electron transfer due to the presence of rGO. A possible mechanism was proposed for catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol over Cu2O/Cu-MOF/rGO. © 2019... 

In this study, four NNs models are designed by three types of data: CFD data of original (no-dimpled), dimpled blades, and experimental data. These data are used to estimate torque and thrust. Models of the designed networks are Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) and the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) so that the input of MLP is a vector and the input of CNN is a matrix. The networks are trained with the data ten times. Each training process obtains estimated torque and thrust with small errors. According to the MLP, the average error of MSE for estimating the torque test data is 4.64e-3 ±5e-4, and this error for estimating the thrust test data is 1.34e-3 ±5e-4, while these errors for CNN are... 

To solve the controversy, regarding the existence of an analytic solution to the 1-D Ising model with nearest-neighbor (NN) and next-nearest-neighbor (NNN) interactions in the presence of a magnetic field, we apply the transfer matrix method to solve the 1-D Ising model in the presence of a magnetic field, taking both NN and NNN interactions into account. We show that it is possible to write a transfer matrix only if the number of sites is even. Even in such a case, it is impossible to diagonalize the transfer matrix in an analytic form. Therefore, we employ a numerical method to obtain the eigenvalues of the transfer matrix. Moreover, the heat capacity, magnetization, and magnetic... 

We present an approach for constant-pressure molecular dynamics simulations. This approach is especially designed for finite systems, for which no periodic boundary condition applies. A molecular dynamics (MD) simulation for Ni nanoclusters is used to calculate their pressurevolumetemperature (pvT) data for the temperature range 200 K≤T≤400 K, and pressures up to 600 kbar. Isothermal sets of pvT data were generated by the simulation; each set was fitted by three equations of state (EoSs): Linear Isotherm Regularity-II (LIRII), BirchMurnaghan (BM), and EOS III. It is found that the MD data are satisfactorily reproduced by the EoSs with reasonable precision. Some features of the EoSs criteria,... 

In precipitation hardenable materials, it is desirable to determine the precipitate dissolution temperature for homogenizing the microstructure by controlling the size and distribution of the precipitates. In this research, the influence of various heat treatment and hot deformation conditions on the kinetics of γ ′ dissolution and its morphological evolution in Nimonic 115 was studied. In addition, hot deformation behavior of the material was investigated using hot compression experiments at varying temperature (between 1,050°C and 1,175°C) and strain rates (between 0.01 and 1 s-1) up to a true strain of 0.8. The values obtained for the solvus temperature of γ ′ precipitates by two methods... 

In this work, the effect of hot deformation temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of micro alloyed steel was studied. The results indicated that by decreasing the deformation temperature final microstructure is refined and the volume fraction of grain boundary ferrite is increased and some pearlite is produced. Therefore both the yield strength and ultimate tensile strength is increased, while the toughness is preserved in comparison to a ferritic-pearlitic microstructure. Also a model was developed to relate the deformation condition to the volume fraction of acicular ferrite at mixed microstructure. © 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved  

The initial and subsequent yield surfaces for architected pyramidal lattice materials are investigated analytically. Considering lattice struts as elastic-perfectly plastic thin beams subjected to both axial force and bending moment, a set of nonlinear elastic-plastic constitutive relations for a strut is proposed. Moreover, we phenomenologically present anisotropic pressure-dependent yield functions for pyramidal lattices. Comparison of planar yield surfaces of pyramidal lattices predicted by analytical approach to the ones obtained from phenomenological models shows a good agreement for the type of external loads and range of strains investigated in this study. Investigating the normality... 

The development of efficient and cost-effective catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction is highly desirable for applications that are based on sustainable and clean technologies. In this study, we report the synthesis of a series of cerium(iv) oxide and nickel diselenide nanocomposites (NiSe2/CeO2) as efficient electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction in an alkaline medium. The ratios of the two substances were optimized to reach the highest catalytic activity. The structure and morphology of synthesized materials were investigated by XRD, FE-SEM, EDX, BET, XPS, and TEM techniques. It was observed that the nanocomposite with a 10 : 1 mass ratio of NiSe2to CeO2showed the best... 

The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) with its sluggish kinetics has imposed a significant barrier to the sustainable and green generation of hydrogen fuel (via electrolysis of water) and the development of metal-air batteries. In this study, we report an efficient and novel OER electrocatalyst based on NiSe2nanoparticles (NPs) and the naturally abundant halloysite clay mineral. The NiSe2/halloysite nanocomposite (NiSe2/H) was prepared by a simple one-step hydrothermal route. The electrocatalytic performance of the as-synthesized nanocomposite and its components (pristine NiSe2and halloysite) toward OER in 1.0 KOH solution was examined. The NiSe2/H nanocomposite exhibited a significantly...