Sharif Digital Repository

The present work describes sensing application of modified TiO 2 nanotubes having carbon-Pt nanoparticles for simultaneous detection of dopamine and uric acid. The TiO 2 nanotubes electrode was prepared using anodizing method, followed by electrodeposition of Pt nanoparticles onto the tubes. Carbon was deposited by decomposition of polyethylene glycol in a tube furnace to improve the conductivity. The C-Pt-TiO 2 nanotubes modified electrode was characterized by cyclic voltam-metry and differential pulse voltammetry methods. The modified electrode displayed high sensitivity towards the oxidation of dopamine and uric acid in a phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.00). The electro-oxidation currents... 

In this study a novel Pt/Ni nanostructure consisting of nano-bushes and nanocubes was fabricated onto TiO 2 nanotubes. The scanning electron microscopy images showed that a large amount of well-dispersed nano-architectures had uniformly covered all over the surface which made an electrode with high surface area. It was obviously seen that the nanocube structures mainly consists of Ni had been grown on top of each other while the Pt colonies represented bush-like structures. As a non-enzymatic glucose biosensor, the Pt/Ni TiO 2 nanotubes modified electrode exhibited an excellent performance. The proposed biosensor had two linear ranges for detection of glucose from 0 to 0.12 mM (correlation... 

Co/Cu multilayers were deposited in a sulfate solution by controlling the current and potential for the deposition of cobalt and copper layer respectively. The electrochemical behavior of these multilayers was studied by cyclic voltammetry and current transients. In addition, a mathematical analysis was used to characterize the electrodeposition system. Simultaneously, the nucleation and growth mechanisms were monitored by these techniques. In this case, the results clearly showed that electrodeposition of cobalt layers was a kinetically controlled process while the reduction of copper ions was a diffusion-control process. Although nucleation mechanism of the single Co deposit was found as a... 

The cobalt-nickel/copper multilayer films were prepared by electrodeposition process in sulfate solution using a three electrode cell. Cyclic voltammetry and double chronoampermetry techniques were utilized to characterize the multilayer system and to obtain the nucleation and growth mechanism. The cyclic voltammograms determined the reduction potential range of the three components and also clearly emphasized that electrodeposition of cobalt-nickel alloy was controlled by a kinetic process, while copper ions were reduced with diffusion-controlled mechanism. These results were confirmed with those which were extracted from the chronoampermetry curves. In addition, the current transients... 

A simple modified TiO2 nanotubes electrode was fabricated by electrodeposition of Pd, Pt and Au nanoparticles. The TiO2 nanotubes electrode was prepared using the anodizing method, followed by modifying Pd nanoparticles onto the tubes surface, offering a uniform conductive surface for electrodeposition of Pt and Au. The performance of the modified electrode was characterized by cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry methods. The Au/Pt/Pd/TiO2 NTs modified electrode represented a high sensitivity towards individual detection of dopamine as well as simultaneous detection of dopamine and uric acid using 0.1 M phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.00) as the base solution. In both case,... 

Progressive conversion/shrinking core (PC-SC) models of constant-size cylinders were exploited to interpret the decarburization reactions of MgO-C-Si bricks heated up under blown air. Chemical adsorption/solid (or pore) diffusion mechanisms governed the reaction rate. With 5% silicon, chemical adsorption vanished at 1000 and 1100°C. The oxidation rate lowered then with temperature. This was due apparently to the blocking of the pore-end gorges by the voluminous compounds (like Forstrite). Arrhenius plots of the specific rates yielded the activation energies of the prevailing steps. Without Si antioxidant, three steps were appreciated having activation energies of 51.65 (for chemical... 

TiO2nanocrystals were prepared by hydrolysis and peptisation of titanium isopropoxide under different pH values. The as-prepared powder of very fine anatase crystallites ranges from 8 nm in acidic solution of pH 3 to 10 nm in basic solution of pH 8. Heat treatment of the powders leads to grain growth and anatase - rutile transformation. Experimental results have shown that the anatase to rutile phase transformation in the heat-treated powders depend not only on primary crystallite size but also the presence of brookite phase. It is observed that in the powders with the same size the presence brookite phase would accelerate the anatase to rutile transformation. Furthermore it has been found... 

In this paper, nano/microstructured-conducting polypyrrole has been prepared on Cu/Au interdigital electrode surfaces by using constant potential amperometry technique. The Fe(II) ions were used as catalyst and X = ClO4 -, pTs-, Cl-, TCA-, DS-, DBS- was implemented as anion dopants. The morphologies of the films were investigated by field emission scanning electron microscope. A remarkable dependence was observed between the type of anion dopant and the morphology of polypyrrole (PPy). The sensing behavior of the PPy-X sensor has been studied toward acetone, methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, nitromethane, propylamine, pyridine, and gas mixtures of aliphatic alcohols. The responses... 

Connections have very important role in pre-cast concrete structures, especially in seismic zones, and grout connections increase strength and resistance of pre-cast concrete structures for lateral forces. High performance grout connections (HPGC) provide new opportunities to design cost-effective pre-cast concrete structures. HPGC have been proposed to decrease cost of insulation, erection and crane cost of pre-cast concrete structures and to overcome weakness of traditional pre-cast concrete structure connections .This research focuses on properties of grout materials properties which produced in Iran and the effect of propylene fiber on the performance of grout connection. In the first... 

Biphase TiO2 nanoparticles have been prepared by sol-gel method. Water/titanium molar ratio (r) has been used to control the hydrolysis and condensation of titanium isopropoxide in solution producing titanium oxide with two different polymorphs. The influence of crystallite size and morphology of prepared TiO2 on the phase transformation of the resultant materials has been investigated. Synthesized powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Different trends can be observed in the phase transformation and particle growth of the prepared titanium oxide nanomaterial. It was concluded that, the rate of particle... 

Kinetics of air oxidation of MgO-C-Al refractory at 600°-1300°C were investigated using the software based on the modifled shrinking core model (KDA). Commercial bricks containing 88.5% MgO, 10% residual carbon, and 1.5% aluminum anti-oxidant were oxidized isothermally with air. Combination of experimental data with model calculations indicated gas diffusion through solid material and pores as a major controlling step. Previously observed chemisorption process was eliminated from the rate-controlling mechanism with addition of aluminum antioxidant. Comprehensive rate equations were devised for MgO-C-Al and MgO-C oxidation reactions. Overall activation energies of Q id (internal diffusion) =... 

We have investigated the water permeation through carbon nanotube (CNT) membranes as a model of peptide nanotube channels (PNCs). The effect of different charge configured CNTs which tailored based on some artificial ion channels on the water permeation through the channels have been studied. In addition, the temperature dependence of the permeation has been investigated. We have found that there is a jump in the permeation which is somehow related to the characteristics of each channel and the temperature of this permeation jump changes according to the channel configuration. Our investigation on the channels shows that the temperature at which the permeation jump occurs is related to the... 

Original scientific paper Developing a model for citizens' satisfaction with public services is one of the effective factors for improvement of service quality. In recent years, many studies have been carried out to identify a model for citizens' satisfaction with public sector services. In the structure of the presented models in the literature, one of the most important issues regarding organizations giving public services is identification of service scopes that have the most impact on citizens' satisfaction. This paper aims to develop a model to identify citizens' satisfaction status with public services. To do so, first, key factors influencing citizens' satisfaction with public... 

We study the variety of Löb algebras, the algebraic structures associated with Formal Propositional Calculus. Among other things, we show that there exist only two maximal intermediate logics in the lattice of intermediate logics over Basic Propositional Calculus. We introduce countably many locally finite sub-varieties of the variety of Löb algebras and show that their corresponding intermediate logics have the interpolation property. Finally, we characterize all chain basic algebras with empty set of generators, and show that there are continuum many such chain basic algebras  

Cryogenic technologies not only improve the performance of interconnects but also the performance of transistors and consequently drivers and repeaters. Although in cryogenically cooled integrated circuits the local temperature of interconnects and transistors may be as low as 50 K, it may easily reach to 600 K in high-temperature chips. In this brief, we investigated the impact of temperature on the delay of local, intermediate, unit-repeater-inserted (URI), and cascaded repeater-inserted (CRI) global copper interconnects for minimum technology node with available transistor model (32-nm technology). Our results show that temperature variation of driver resistance could change the delay of... 

This paper presents a design methodology for class-J monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) power amplifiers (PAs). Theoretical derivations of optimum load impedances, output power, efficiency, and maximum bandwidth are described in presence of nonlinear drain-source resistance of transistors (RDS). A procedure is developed for ideal transistor sizing where transistors are concurrently stabilized and sized to achieve the maximum power-added efficiency (PAE). A 3.5-7 GHz, 0.5-W class-J PA is implemented in a 0.1-μm AlGaAs-InGaAs pHEMT technology to check the accuracy of the proposed approach. With chip dimensions of 1.57 × 1.29 mm2, the PA achieves 56% average PAE over the frequency...