Sharif Digital Repository

In this study, membrane distillation was used for desalination of high saline water. Recently, the synthesis of nanoparticles for the synthesis of membranes for membrane distillation has shown incredible improvement in the morphological properties, flux, and rejection. In this study, by incorporating UiO-66 functionalized with Palmitic acid into PVDF/PEG polymer solution we could improve membranes properties. Functionalization of UiO-66 with Palmitic acid was confirmed with FTIR, XRD, BET, SEM. In the membrane containing 3% Palmitic acid-UiO-66, the flux was increased by 46.5%, resulting in a flux of 12.6 LMH, and the salt rejection was improved from 99.5% to 99.9%. These results confirmed... 

Organ-on-chip microfluidic devices create a three-dimensional and dynamic model that allows researchers to model diseases and test different drug candidates. In this regard, using a lung-on-a-chip microfluidic device, Covid-19 disease was numerically modeled. Initially, the distribution of oxygen concentration in the blood and respiratory membrane in the healthy state; when the respiratory membrane is the only barrier between air and blood; was found and observed that in this case, the length that the blood had to travel to reach full saturation was the same in the alveolar capillaries and the lung-on-a-chip microdevice. Then, to simulate the different phases of the disease, the formation of... 

In this thesis , we consider nonnegative (continuous) weak solutions of the porous medium equation with source , u_t-∆u^m=u^p, and p>m>1 .
Assume that, m>1 and 1< p/m u_t-∆u^m=u^p,xϵR^n ,tϵR
has no nontrivial, bounded radial solutions u≥0 .
In one space-dimensional, the conclusion of the result mentioned above remains true without the assumption of the radial symmetry. The proof is based on the intersection-comparison arguments , zero number argum- ents and a key step is to show the... 

Although laws vary in the competitive business world of today and the changing supply and demand parameters show that the process of delivering new products to market is very important.Most organizations today have found that spending more than ever on trusting in traditional competitive levers such as quality, cost reduction and differentiation in selling more products and services are not enough to be successful in market, instead notions such as speed, flexibility andagility can have a significant trend toward offering new products and services. There aresome good reasons for knew that organizations need new ways to develop their new products to survival, compete with its competitors and... 

Snaking Vibration and buckling of drill string in the horizontal well was investigated in this research. Sinusoidal and helical critical buckling load are obtained for a specific drill string.
Drill string is modeled both analytically and numerically (finite element method). Drill pipes are considered as a clamped-clamped beam with constant cross section and the well is considered as a hollow cylinder. The thickness of cylinder was large enough to model the surrounding soil of the well. Buckling is a complex deformation and is somehow a random phenomenon. In addition, the length and the continuous contact between drill pipes and the well make the finite element model very huge and the... 

This study focuses on the risk assessment of reinforced concrete tall buildings subjected to ground motion excitation. In order to assess the vulnerability of tall buildings, twelve-, and twenty-four-story four-bay reinforced concrete moment resisting frames are studied. This evaluation is done through developing fragility curves. These fragility curves provide the probability of exceeding the multiple damage states for a given intensity (e.g. CAV) of ground motion excitation. To develop the fragility curves, a great number of nonlinear dynamic analyses were conducted in the open-source platform OpenSees. Since the PEER Guidelines for Performance-Based Seismic Design of tall buildings (PEER,... 

Technology scaling allows integrating multiple cores onto a single chip to make the mainstream for advanced embedded systems. However, technology scaling is envisaged to aggravate the reliability of on-chip systems due to increasing transient fault rate due to lower voltages and shrinking transistor dimensions that lead to smaller critical charges. Transient faults are typically resulted due to high-energy particle strikes in hardware and manifest as bit flips. Multi-core systems provide a great opportunity to implement reliability mechanisms such as redundant multithreading (RMT) and process level redundancy. Task replication (e.g. RMT) is a well-established technique to achieve high... 

This research is studying seismic behavior of bridges with spill-through abutments. There is a lot of studies in the literature about the behavior of piers and different types of them in the field of seismic assessment of bridges. But seismic behavior of abutments has paid less attention. In addition, most researches in this field are about common types of abutments like wall-type or integral abutments and also there are few standards and design guidelines about spill-through abutments.However spill-through abutments had been used by designers, especially they are common in Iran.In this research, a bridge with a spill-through abutment is designed as a benchmark. The benchmark bridge is... 

Technology scaling allows integrating multiple cores onto a single chip to make the mainstream for advanced embedded systems. However, technology scaling results in aggravating the reliability problem of on-chip systems because of increasing transient fault rate due to lower voltages and shrinking transistor dimensions that lead to smaller critical charges. Multicore systems provide a great opportunity to implement reliability mechanisms such as redundant multithreading (RMT) and process level redundancy. Task replication (e.g., RMT) is a well-established technique to achieve high reliability against transient faults. However, replicated executions may increase power consumption beyond the... 

In this thesis we investigate different factors of graphs with emphasis of even and odd factors. First, we prove the best existing lower bound for the largest even factor of graphs which is of the size at least 4/7|E(G)|+1 and we show that this bound is tight and classify the graphs which exactly meet this bound[]. Then we present a new lower bound for the largest odd-factor of graphs of even order which is of the size at least 2/5|E(G)|. We prove this bound using a new edge coloring called 1/2-coloring in which edges are colored with blue and red such that in each cycle the number of red edges is bigger than the number of blue ones. We prove in every 1/2-coloring of graphs with δ(G)≥3 or... 

Population genetics studies the distribution and changes in allele frequencies under the influence of five main evolutionary processes: natural selection, genetic drift, mutation, gene flow, and recombination. Among these, the recombination process can influence a wide range of biological processes by rearranging genes, repairing DNA structure, and participating actively in cell division mechanisms. Recombination has the ability to create genetic diversity through gene rearrangement, which is the main reason for creating diversity and evolution in organisms. Models such as Hill-Robertson have proven the influential role of recombination in accelerating evolutionary mechanisms. Also,... 

Industry Success leads to the use of fossil fuels in communities that result to climate change in the world. Among these effects, there is the effect on the severity, extent and duration of precipitation. Hydroelectric plants are clean and cheap energy resources in the world that due to the use of water, the phenomenon of climate change are very impressionable. Regarding high costs of construction and maintenance of these dams in order to exploit their lengthy; Impact of climate change on them is important issue.
In this research, first a nonlinear optimization model to maximize hydroelectric power generation by genetic algorithms in the MATLAB software environment has been developed.... 

There is increasing demand for water due to rising world population. In addition, lower supplies of water under varying hydrological condition because of changing climate, renders further stress on an already over-allocated water resource. Thus, this condition would exacerbate water supply-demand conflicts resulting in penalties on local economy. On the other hand fresh water as a scarce resource requires comprehensive management. To maintain fresh water resources, systems need principles of ecologically sustainable development that keeps environmental uses as legal. Hence, in this situation there is a need to develop appropriate methods to minimize the climate change consequences and...