Sharif Digital Repository

Trasmission system is one of the most important parts of the power system which not only creates an interface between generation and distribution section, but also provides a reliable and non-descriminated environment between them. In recent years, restructuring is introduced in many countries of the world. The competition is begun in generation section while, the transmission section was remained monopoly. Private investors don't have enough incentive to invest in this section, because, the presence of uncertainties have made decision making hard for them and increased the investment risk. On the other hand, with increase in consumption and generation, need to invest in this section seems... 

This thesis contains two parts .In the first part a catalyst such as AlCl3/Al20 has been demonstrated to catalyze Michael addition reaction of amines to a,�- unsaturated compounds with high yields , short reaction time and under solvent-free condition.The Michael addition to a,�- unsaturated compounds produces quantitively the mono addition products.The next part is about olefins epoxidation . Alkene epoxidation is a useful reaction in organic synthesis. Epoxides play an important role in industrial intermediates for the production of fine chemicals as well as pharmaceuticals .The hydrogen peroxide has been used as an oxidant because it is considered as an economical and appropriate reagent... 

Secret sharing scheme is a method for distributing the secret (secret information) among a set of participants in such a way that only the authorized sets can recover the secret and the unauthorized sets could not. In a perfect secret sharing scheme, unauthorized sets cannot get any additional (i.e. a posteriori) information about the possible value of the secret. In these schemes, to prevent information leakage and increase communication efficiency, the size of the share should be as close to the secret size as possible. In other words, finding the shares with reasonable size which results in an optimal information rate for a given access structure, improves the efficiency of the scheme.... 

Ever-encreasing progress in the field of wireless communication has paved the way for utilisation based on radio frequency authentication systems. In recent years, ITU started the scenario of "Internet of Things". RFID systems have an exclusive role in development ofthis idea, since they can make it possible for things which have an ID to be identified automatically in a large scale. The necessity of identification and tracing people and things has caused the deployment of RFID technology. Onthe other hand, these systems communicate via a wireless channel to transmit data, therefore they are vulnerable to eavesdropping and interception. Thus, one of the most important issues in using such... 

Wide use of communication systems and transmission of huge data has increased the need for cryptographic and encoding systems with high speed operations and lower energy consumptions. Code based and joint encryption encoding schemes are examples of such systems, which enjoy simultaneously high performance and security against quantum computers. So far, there has not been developed any quantum algorithm which can solve any of the hard instances of coding theory based on which these cryptographic schemes have been designed. That is why such systems are called post quantum cryptosystems. The main disadvantage of such cryptosystems is large size the key which is to be stored or shared. In this... 

Secret sharing schemes are used for storage and management of sensitive data such as cryptographic keys and bank account numbers. These schemes provide both confidentiality and reliability. Advances in quantum computers have threatened the security of currently used public-key cryptographic algorithms. In this thesis, for designing quantum resistant cryptographic schemes, we construct a lattice based threshold multi-stage secret sharing (TMSSS) scheme. Using a lattice based one-way function, even after some secrets are revealed, the computational security of the unrecovered secrets is provided against quantum computers. The scheme is multi-use and verifiable meaning that the participants can... 

Quantum computers can be used to process complex computations much more efficient than their classical counterparts. Cryptanalysis of classical ciphers is no exception to this rule. Most quantum cryptanalysis of symmetric ciphers is based on finding the periodicity, linear structure, and confidential information of the target algorithm. In this thesis, assuming that the attacker has access to the quantum computer, we propose a quantum method for deriving the appropriate differential characteristic of block ciphers, using Simon's quantum algorithm. It is worth noting that, unlike classical methods, where increasing the number of rounds of the target block cipher increases the complexity of... 

With the dramatic advancements in information technology and the industry requirements for security and privacy, proof systems play a crucial role in cryptography. Among the vast variety of proof systems, succinct non-interactive arguments (SNARG) seem to be the most appealing class of proof systems, due to their attractive properties. SNARGs are usually made up of two constructive components, namely the information theoretic part and the cryptographic part. The GKR protocol was introduced as a proof system for a tractable family of languages called “log-Space Uniform Circuits”. The log-space uniformity is a necessary condition for the protocol to be succinct. Hence, it is not possible to... 

With the advent of quantum computers, the security of cryptographic primitives, including digital signature schemes, has been compromised. Therefore, a kind of signature scheme has been introduced to resist these computers. These schemes are based on hard problems that have so far resisted against quantum computers, known as post-quantum schemes. One group of these schemes is based on the hard problems of coding theory, which are called code-based cryptographic schemes. The first code-based cryptosystem was the McEliece encryption scheme. A number of code-based signature schemes are based on the McEliece encryption scheme. Some of these schemes use three matrices including a non-singular... 

With the dramatic advancements in information technology and the industry requirements for security and privacy, proof systems play a crucial role in cryptography. Among the vast variety of proof systems, succinct non-interactive arguments (SNARG) seem to be the most appealing class of proof systems, due to their attractive properties. SNARGs are usually made up of two constructive components, namely the information theoretic part and the cryptographic part. The GKR protocol was introduced as a proof system for a tractable family of languages called “log-Space Uniform Circuits”. The log-space uniformity is a necessary condition for the protocol to be succinct. Hence, it is not possible to... 

Stream ciphers are one of the cryptography primitives which have high speed in encryption process and less amount of hardware which they used. Guess and determine attacks are general attacks on stream ciphers which have often been implemented in ad hoc manner. Finding the minimal basis for internal state of a cryptosystem based on connection equations is the main challenge in stream ciphers. In recent years, some efforts for applying this attack in the systematic manner are started. First work in this area is the Simple Guess and Determine attack. The dvanced and Heuristic Guess and Determine attacks then presented, which all of them have heuristic structure. In this thesis, after reviewing... 

Functional Encryption (FE) is an encryption scheme used in cloud computing to enhance data security. When data owners outsource encrypted data to the cloud, they may need to perform computations on the data without decrypting it, as the cloud server is not fully trusted. Functional encryption addresses this challenge by allowing authorized users to compute specific functions on the encrypted data. In FE, the data owner holds a private key associated with a particular function. Using this key, an authorized user can only access the result of the function applied to the original data, without revealing any additional information about the underlying data. In functional encryption, significant... 

Many lattice-based public key encryption schemes are forced to use long keys. To deal with this problem, structured lattices such as NTRU can be used. Lattice-based searchable public key encryption schemes are no exception. Furthermore, in most existing searchable public key encryption schemes, it is assumed that the user searches documents with only one keyword. However, using a conjunctive keyword search, we can search for documents containing several keywords by executing the trapdoor generation algorithm only once. On the other hand, in most of the published searchable public key encryption schemes, storing and searching encrypted keywords are responsibility of a central entity called...